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Cited by 47Immunotherapy and Immune ResponsesImmunotoxicology and immune responsesContact Dermatitis and Allergies

The monocytic cell line THP-1 as a validated and robust surrogate model for human dendritic cells

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Hölken, Johanna Maria, Teusch, Nicole·2023·International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI 10.3390/ijms24021452PMC PMC9866978
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Abstract

We have implemented an improved, cost-effective, and highly reproducible protocol for a simple and rapid differentiation of the human leukemia monocytic cell line THP-1 into surrogates for immature dendritic cells (iDCs) or mature dendritic cells (mDCs). The successful differentiation of THP-1 cells into iDCs was determined by high numbers of cells expressing the DC activation markers CD54 (88%) and CD86 (61%), and the absence of the maturation marker CD83. The THP-1-derived mDCs are characterized by high numbers of cells expressing CD54 (99%), CD86 (73%), and the phagocytosis marker CD11b (49%) and, in contrast to THP-1-derived iDCs, CD83 (35%) and the migration marker CXCR4 (70%). Treatment of iDCs with sensitizers, such as NiSO4 and DNCB, led to high expression of CD54 (97%/98%; GMFI, 3.0/3.2-fold induction) and CD86 (64%/96%; GMFI, 4.3/3.2-fold induction) compared to undifferentiated sensitizer-treated THP-1 (CD54, 98%/98%; CD86, 55%/96%). Thus, our iDCs are highly suitable for toxicological studies identifying potential sensitizing or inflammatory compounds. Furthermore, the expression of CD11b, CD83, and CXCR4 on our iDC and mDC surrogates could allow studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of dendritic cell maturation, phagocytosis, migration, and their use as therapeutic targets in various disorders, such as sensitization, inflammation, and cancer.

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  • Antibody specificity for FACS was validated using iPSCs negative for CD73 and CD105 and THP1 cells negative for CD90.

    “iPSC and THP1 cells were used to validate the specificity of antibodies (Supplementary Figure S1D, E), with iPSCs negative for CD73 and CD105 and THP1 cells negative for CD90 (Moslem et al., 2015; Holken and Teusch, 2023).”

    From APOE3-Christchurch variant enhances neurovascular support functions of iPSC-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (2026) · cites this paper as Holken and Teusch, 2023

    The Materials and Methods section (4.6; page unavailable) describes flow-cytometry staining of THP-1-derived cells, but does not list CD90, CD73, or CD105. Searches for THP-1 CD90 negativity and iPSC CD73/CD105 negativity found no passage establishing those marker profiles or their use to validate antibody specificity. (LLM, conf=0.73)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hölken, J. M., & Teusch, N.
Affiliations
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (DE)
Corresponding author
Teusch, Nicole
ORCID
Teusch, Nicole
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-01-11
Volume
24
Issue
2
Pages
1452
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijms24021452
PMC
PMC9866978
OpenAlex
W4315641162
Cited by
47
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4
FWCI
5.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL) (281A308C18)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotoxicology and immune responses
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
Keywords
THP-1 cells, dendritic cell differentiation, immature dendritic cells, mature dendritic cells, ICAM-1, CD86, CD83, CXCR4, CD11b, sensitization, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, nickel sulfate, skin sensitization, in vitro toxicity testing
MeSH terms
Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Dendritic Cells, Humans

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