EPR Effect-Based Tumor Targeted Nanomedicine: A Promising Approach for Controlling Cancer
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Cancer remains the major threat to human health in most advanced countries in the world [...]
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The EPR effect is a unique feature of solid tumors related to defective vascular architecture, large endothelial gaps, abundant vascular mediators, VEGF, and diminished lymphatic recovery.
“The EPR effect is a unique feature of solid tumors related to characteristics of tumors including defective vascular architecture, large space between endothelial cells in blood vessels, abundant vascular mediators, vascular endothelial growth factor, and diminished lymphatic recovery.”
From Approaches to Improve EPR-Based Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis (2023) · cites this paper as [4]
The paper’s main text (page unavailable) describes the EPR effect as arising from leaky tumor vessels with defective endothelial architecture and high levels of vascular mediators, including VEGF. It does not specifically describe large gaps between endothelial cells or diminished lymphatic recovery; those details are not supported by our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTumor blood vessels are leaky compared to normal blood vessels due to defective endothelial cells and more vascular permeability, resulting in selective accumulation of nanodrugs into tumor tissues with little or no distribution in normal cells.
“Therefore, tumor blood vessels are leaky compared to normal blood vessels due to the defective endothelial cells and more vascular permeability, as well as vastly expressed vascular mediators including bradykinin, NO, and VEGF, resulting in selective accumulation of nanodrugs into tumor tissues with little or no distribution in normal cells [4].”
From Approaches to Improve EPR-Based Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis (2023) · cites this paper as [4]
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“Therefore, tumor blood vessels are leaky compared to normal blood vessels due to the defective endothelial cells and more vascular permeability, as well as vastly expressed vascular mediators including bradykinin, NO, and VEGF, resulting in selective accumulation of nanodrugs into tumor tissues with little or no distr…”
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- Authors
- Fang, J.
- Affiliations
- Sojo University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Fang, Jun
- ORCID
- Fang, Jun
- Venue
- Journal of Personalized Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-01-12
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 95
- ISSN
- 2075-4426 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8778813
- OpenAlex
- W4205691718
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Personalized Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Electron Spin Resonance Studies
- Keywords
- enhanced permeability and retention effect, cancer therapy, nanoparticle drug delivery, tumor microenvironment
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