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Cited by 226IoT Networks and ProtocolsIoT and Edge/Fog ComputingEnergy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 95 of the 100 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

IETF Standardization in the Field of the Internet of Things (IoT): A Survey

Open access
Ishaq, Isam, Carels, David, Teklemariam, Girum, Hoebeke, Jeroen, Abeele, Floris, Poorter, Eli, Moerman, Ingrid, Demeester, Piet·2013·Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks
DOI 10.3390/jsan2020235
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Abstract

Smart embedded objects will become an important part of what is called the Internet of Things. However, the integration of embedded devices into the Internet introduces several challenges, since many of the existing Internet technologies and protocols were not designed for this class of devices. In the past few years, there have been many efforts to enable the extension of Internet technologies to constrained devices. Initially, this resulted in proprietary protocols and architectures. Later, the integration of constrained devices into the Internet was embraced by IETF, moving towards standardized IP-based protocols. In this paper, we will briefly review the history of integrating constrained devices into the Internet, followed by an extensive overview of IETF standardization work in the 6LoWPAN, ROLL and CoRE working groups. This is complemented with a broad overview of related research results that illustrate how this work can be extended or used to tackle other problems and with a discussion on open issues and challenges. As such the aim of this paper is twofold: apart from giving readers solid insights in IETF standardization work on the Internet of Things, it also aims to encourage readers to further explore the world of Internet-connected objects, pointing to future research opportunities.

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Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/jsan2020235

Cites

95 of 95 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Figures

Figure 1 Gateways and proprietary protocols are often used to interconnect sensor networks to the Internet.
Figure 1 Gateways and proprietary protocols are often used to interconnect sensor networks to the Internet.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 2 Internet protocols are extended to the sensor networks. The Gateway translates between the two standardized protocol stacks.
Figure 2 Internet protocols are extended to the sensor networks. The Gateway translates between the two standardized protocol stacks.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 3 IEEE 802.15.4 The Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) and MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) formats.
Figure 3 IEEE 802.15.4 The Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) and MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) formats.CC-BY · From the PDF
F Figure 4. 6L LoWPAN en ncapsulation n header sta ack example es.
F Figure 4. 6L LoWPAN en ncapsulation n header sta ack example es.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 5 IPHC Compression.
Figure 5 IPHC Compression.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 6 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Header Compression Example.
Figure 6 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Header Compression Example.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 7 6LoWPAN Fragmentation Header. ( a ) 6LowPAN encapsulation header stack for the first fragment, containing the Fragmentation header (FRAG1) and IPv6 Header Compression header ( b ) 6LowPAN encapsulation header stack for subsequent fragments, containing the Fragmentation header (FRAGN).
Figure 7 6LoWPAN Fragmentation Header. ( a ) 6LowPAN encapsulation header stack for the first fragment, containing the Fragmentation header (FRAG1) and IPv6 Header Compression header ( b ) 6LowPAN encapsulation header stack for subsequent fragments, containing the Fragmentation header (FRAGN).CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 8 6LoWPAN Mesh Addressing Header.
Figure 8 6LoWPAN Mesh Addressing Header.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 9 Packet flow for point-to-point traffic between two nodes in an RPL network.
Figure 9 Packet flow for point-to-point traffic between two nodes in an RPL network.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 11 The DODAG Information Object (DIO) Base Object.
Figure 11 The DODAG Information Object (DIO) Base Object.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 12 The DAO Base Object.
Figure 12 The DAO Base Object.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 15 An example of Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE) resource discovery and Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) request.
Figure 15 An example of Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE) resource discovery and Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) request.CC-BY · From the PDF

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Citations

Cites

Show all 100 references

Research works printed but not linked: 10

  1. IEEE 802.15.4. Available online:http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/TG4.html.
  2. Sulthana, 2012, Routing Protocols in 6LoWPAN: A Survey, Eur. J. Sci. Res., 85, 248
  3. Saad, L., Chauvenet, C., and Tourancheau, B. (2011, January 21–27). Simulation of the RPL Routing Protocol for IPv6 Sensor Networks: Two Cases Studies. Proceedings of the International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications, Nice, France.
  4. Becker, M., Pötsch, T., Kuladinithi, K., and Görg, C. (2011, January 4–7). Deployment of CoAP in Transport Logistics. Proceedings of 36th IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN), Bonn, Germany.
  5. Carels, D., Poorter, E.De, Moerman, I., and Demeester, P. (2013). Extending the IETF RPL routing protocol with mobility support. In press.
  6. Pötsch, T. Performance of the Constrained Application Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. Available online:http://www.comnets.uni-bremen.de/itg/itgfg521/aktuelles/fg-workshop-29092011/ITG_HH_thomas_poetsch.pdf.
  7. Brachmann, M., Garcia-Morchon, O., and Kirsche, M. (2011, January 15–16). Security for Practical CoAP Applications: Issues and Solution Approaches. Proceedings of the 10th GI/ITG KuVS Fachgespraech Sensornetze (FGSN11), Paderborn, Germany.
  8. Hans, S. (2012, January 27–30). Secure Environment management based on CoAP. Proceedings of theETSI CoAP Workshop, Sophia Antipolis, France.
  9. Rahman, A., Gellert, D., and Seed, D.N. (2011, January 25). Gateway Architecture for Interconnecting Smart Objects to the Internet. Proceedings of the Workshop Interconnecting Smart Objects with the Internet, Prague, Czech Republic.
  10. Barbieri, D. (, January March). CoAP Improvements to Meet Embedded Device Hardware Constraints. Proceedings of the Workshop Interconnecting Smart Objects with the Internet, Prague, Czech Republic.

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Metadata

Authors
Ishaq, I., Carels, D., Teklemariam, G., Hoebeke, J., Abeele, F., Poorter, E., Moerman, I., & Demeester, P.
Affiliations
Ghent University (BE)
Corresponding author
Ishaq, Isam
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2013-04-25
Volume
2
Issue
2
Pages
235-287
ISSN
2224-2708 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/jsan2020235
OpenAlex
W2061624419
Cited by
226
References
100
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 1
FWCI
13.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • European Commission (2007–2013, 258885, FP7 2007-2013, FP7/2007)
  • Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
  • iMinds
  • Vlaamse Interuniversitaire Raad
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › IoT Networks and Protocols
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Keywords
Internet of Things, IETF standardization, resource-constrained devices, 6LoWPAN, embedded devices

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