Undaria pinnatifida and Fucoxanthin Ameliorate Lipogenesis and Markers of Both Inflammation and Cardiovascular Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Diet-Induced Obesity
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Brown algae and its carotenoids have been shown to have a positive influence on obesity and its comorbidities. This study evaluated the effect of Undaria pinnatifida and fucoxanthin on biochemical, physiological and inflammation markers related to obesity and on the expression of genes engaged on white adipose tissue lipid metabolism in a murine model of diet-induced obesity. The treatments improved energy expenditure, β-oxidation and adipogenesis by upregulating PPARα, PGC1α, PPARγ and UCP-1. Adipogenesis was also confirmed by image analysis of the retroperitoneal adipose tissue, by measuring cell area, perimeter and cellular density. Additionally, the treatments, ameliorated adipose tissue accumulation, insulin resistance, blood pressure, cholesterol and triglycerides concentration in serum, and reduced lipogenesis and inflammation by downregulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) gene expression, increasing serum concentration and expression of adiponectin as well as downregulating IL-6 expression. Both fucoxanthin and Undaria pinnatifida may be considered for treating obesity and other diseases related.
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Peptides (Ile-Ala-Glu, Phe-Ala-Leu, Ala-Glu-Leu, Ile-Ala-Pro-Gly, and Val-Ala-Phe) from Spirulina/Limnospira promote the upregulation of UCP-1, thereby enhancing thermogenic capacity.
“Peptides (Ile-Ala-Glu, Phe-Ala-Leu, Ala-Glu-Leu, Ile-Ala-Pro-Gly, and Val-Ala-Phe) from Spirulina/Limnospira specie promote the upregulation of UCP-1, thereby enhancing the body’s thermogenic capacity [146].”
From Navigating the potential of algal peptides: health effects, market applications, and scientific challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [146]
The Results (§2.7; page not provided) report increased UCP1 expression after treatment with Undaria pinnatifida or fucoxanthin, and the Discussion (§3) links that effect to energy expenditure and heat generation. The paper does not identify the listed peptides or attribute this effect to Spirulina/Limnospira; searches for those terms found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAlgal peptides help activate AMPK, leading to promoting lipolysis, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and increasing GLUT-4 translocation.
“Algal peptides help activate AMPK, leading to a cascade of beneficial metabolic effects. These include promoting the breakdown of fats (lipolysis), enhancing insulin sensitivity (which improves glucose uptake by cells), and increasing the translocation of GLUT-4, a glucose transporter that helps cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream.”
From Navigating the potential of algal peptides: health effects, market applications, and scientific challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [146]
The Results (section 2.3; page unavailable) report that rats given Undaria pinnatifida or fucoxanthin showed an insulin response consistent with protection against diet-induced insulin resistance. The paper does not establish that algal peptides activate AMPK or that AMPK activation causes lipolysis or GLUT-4 translocation; its treatments were algae and fucoxanthin, not isolated peptides. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPeptides derived from Undaria pinnatifida and Limnospira platensis have shown promising effects in weight management by PPAR-γ activation.
“Peptides derived from the brown seaweed Undaria pinnatifida and the Cyanophyceae Limnospira platensis (Spirulina) have shown promising effects in weight management by PPAR-γ activation [146].”
From Navigating the potential of algal peptides: health effects, market applications, and scientific challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [146]
The Conclusions (page unavailable) report that Undaria pinnatifida improved body-weight gain in high-fat-fed rats and upregulated PPARγ. They do not attribute those effects to peptides. The paper studies Undaria and fucoxanthin, not Limnospira platensis; Spirulina platensis appears only in a reference entry. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Grasa-López, A., Miliar-García, Á., Quevedo-Corona, L., Paniagua-Castro, N., Escalona-Cardoso, G., Reyes-Maldonado, E., & Jaramillo-Flores, M.-E.
- Affiliations
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (MX)
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
- Departamento de Morfología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
- Corresponding author
- Jaramillo-Flores, María-Eugenia
- Venue
- Marine Drugs
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2016-08-03
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 148
- ISSN
- 1660-3397 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4999909
- OpenAlex
- W2488038509
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 12.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Marine Drugs (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT-CB-2013-01 No. 220732-I010/532/2014, CB-2013-01, I010/532/2014)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- Undaria pinnatifida, fucoxanthin, diet-induced obesity, lipogenesis, adipogenesis, white adipose tissue, inflammation, cardiovascular dysfunction, insulin resistance, PPARα, PGC-1α, PPARγ, UCP1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, adiponectin, interleukin-6, brown algae, carotenoids, energy expenditure, fatty acid beta-oxidation
- MeSH terms
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha, Uncoupling Protein 1, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, Phaeophyceae, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Obesity, Diet, Vegetarian, Biomarkers, Interleukin-6, Rats, Wistar, Xanthophylls, Metabolic Syndrome, Undaria, PPAR alpha, PPAR gamma, Lipogenesis, Rats, Adiponectin, Adipose Tissue, White, Diet, High-Fat
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