Cited by 247Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorsAdipose Tissue and MetabolismParaoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms

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PPARs as Nuclear Receptors for Nutrient and Energy Metabolism

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Hong, Fan, Pan, Shijia, Guo, Yuan, Xu, Pengfei, Zhai, Yonggong·2019·Molecules

DOI 10.3390/molecules24142545PMC PMC6680900

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Abstract

It has been more than 36 years since peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) were first recognized as enhancers of peroxisome proliferation. Consequently, many studies in different fields have illustrated that PPARs are nuclear receptors that participate in nutrient and energy metabolism and regulate cellular and whole-body energy homeostasis during lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, cell growth, cancer development, and so on. With increasing challenges to human health, PPARs have attracted much attention for their ability to ameliorate metabolic syndromes. In our previous studies, we found that the complex functions of PPARs may be used as future targets in obesity and atherosclerosis treatments. Here, we review three types of PPARs that play overlapping but distinct roles in nutrient and energy metabolism during different metabolic states and in different organs. Furthermore, research has emerged showing that PPARs also play many other roles in inflammation, central nervous system-related diseases, and cancer. Increasingly, drug development has been based on the use of several selective PPARs as modulators to diminish the adverse effects of the PPAR agonists previously used in clinical practice. In conclusion, the complex roles of PPARs in metabolic networks keep these factors in the forefront of research because it is hoped that they will have potential therapeutic effects in future applications.

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Background
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Pioglitazone Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Promotes Dopaminergic Neuronal Survival in the Nigrostriatal System of Rats after Diffuse Brain Injury
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR)γ Agonists as Master Modulators of Tumor Tissue
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Nuciferine Inhibits Proinflammatory Cytokines via the PPARs in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells
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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorβ/δ activation is essential for modulating p-Foxo1/Foxo1 status in functional insulin-positive cell differentiation
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Revisiting glitazars: Thiophene substituted oxazole containing α-ethoxy phenylpropanoic acid derivatives as highly potent PPARα/γ dual agonists devoid of adverse effects in rodents
Raval, P., Jain, M., Goswami, A., Basu, S., Gite, A., Godha, A. K., Pingali, H., Raval, S., Giri, S. R., Suthar, D., et al. (2011) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.03.020 · Cited by 22
The gut microbiome in NAFLD and ALD
Kirpich, I., Parajuli, D., & McClain, C. J. (2015) · Clinical Liver Disease · doi:10.1002/cld.494 · Cited by 19
Pioglitazone improves visceral sensation and colonic permeability in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome
Nozu, T., Miyagishi, S., Nozu, R., Takakusaki, K., & Okumura, T. (2018) · Journal of Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2018.11.006 · Cited by 19
Fasting Induces the Expression of PGC-1α and ERR Isoforms in the Outer Stripe of the Outer Medulla (OSOM) of the Mouse Kidney
Teng, C. T., Li, Y., Stockton, P. S., & Foley, J. F. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026961 · Cited by 16
Inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis by the traditional Chinese herb Sibiraea angustata
Xiao, L., Zhang, J., Li, H., Liu, J., He, L., Zhang, J., & Zhai, Y. (2010) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1258/ebm.2010.010167 · Cited by 16
Self-citation
ADAMTS1-mediated targeting of TSP-1 by PPARδ suppresses migration and invasion of breast cancer cells
Ham, S. A., Yoo, T., Lee, W. J., Hwang, J. S., Hur, J., Paek, K. S., Lim, D., Han, S. G., Lee, C., & Seo, H. G. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.21584 · Cited by 16
Pioglitazone may impair L‐DOPA anti‐parkinsonian efficacy in the MPTP ‐lesioned macaque: Results of a pilot study
Huot, P., Johnston, T. H., Fox, S. H., & Brotchie, J. M. (2015) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.21801 · Cited by 9

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Mechanisms Mediating the Regulation of Peroxisomal Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation by PPARα
Tahri-Joutey, M., Andreoletti, P., Surapureddi, S., Nasser, B., Cherkaoui‐Malki, M., & Latruffe, N. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22168969 · Cited by 273
Protective Effects of (E)-β-Caryophyllene (BCP) in Chronic Inflammation
Scandiffio, R., Geddo, F., Cottone, E., Querio, G., Antoniotti, S., Gallo, M. P., Maffei, M. E., & Bovolin, P. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12113273 · Cited by 194
A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of Impacts of Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances on the Brain and Behavior
Starnes, H. M., Rock, K. D., Jackson, T. W., & Belcher, S. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Toxicology · doi:10.3389/ftox.2022.881584 · Cited by 166
“As a generalization, PPARs are concentrated in tissues with high metabolic demand, including the liver, kidneys, and brain, and serve as important regulators of the immune system (Zhang and Young, 2002; Hong et al., 2019; Kirk et al., 2021).”
Background
Linking Obesity with Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology and Mechanistic Insights
Ye, P., Xi, Y., Huang, Z., & Xu, P. (2020) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers12061408 · Cited by 168
Self-citation
Bilirubin as a signaling molecule
Vı́tek, L. (2020) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.21660 · Cited by 136

See all 247

Authors: Hong, F., Pan, S., Guo, Y., Xu, P., & Zhai, Y.
Affiliations: Beijing Normal University (CN)
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author: Xu, Pengfei
Zhai, Yonggong
ORCID: Guo, Yuan
Xu, Pengfei
Zhai, Yonggong
Venue: Molecules
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2019-07-12
Volume: 24
Issue: 14
Pages: 2545
ISSN: 1420-3049 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142545
PMC: PMC6680900
OpenAlex: W2961328380
Cited by: 233
References: 167
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 6
FWCI: 2.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
dx.doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Molecules (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31571164, Nos.31271207)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
Keywords: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, nuclear receptors, nutrient metabolism, energy homeostasis, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, obesity, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, inflammation, central nervous system disorders, cancer, drug development
MeSH terms: Nutrients, Animals, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Organ Specificity, Signal Transduction, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors

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PPARs as Nuclear Receptors for Nutrient and Energy Metabolism

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