The impact of nutrition education intervention with and without a mobile phone application on nutrition knowledge among young endurance athletes
Open accessAbstract
Athletes often have significant gaps in their nutrition knowledge. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether young Finnish endurance athletes’ nutrition knowledge and dietary intake can be improved through an education intervention with or without a mobile food application. Seventy-nine endurance athletes, 18.0 years (SD: 1.4), participated in this randomized, controlled intervention. We compared the effects of participatory nutrition education sessions alone (group EDU) to those including the use of a mobile food application (group EDU + APP) for four days after each session. Both groups attended three 90-min education sessions fortnightly. The participants completed a validated nutrition knowledge questionnaire in Weeks 0, 5, and 17, and a three-day food diary in Weeks 0 and 17. The education plan was based on the Self-Determination Theory and the concept of meaningful learning process. The EDU group’s nutrition knowledge scores were: 78 (week 0), 85 (week 5), and 84 (week 17) and the EDU + APP group’s 78, 86, and 85, respectively. Nutrition knowledge increased significantly (main effect of time (p < 0.001)), but we observed no significant group × time interaction (p = 0.309). The changes in dietary intakes were minor (p > 0.05). The amount of carbohydrates was below endurance athletes’ recommendations throughout the intervention. The reported energy intakes were also below the estimated energy expenditures. In conclusion, nutrition knowledge improved significantly after only three education sessions and food diary feedback, but the mobile app did not improve learning further. However, the nutrition education intervention alone was not enough to change dietary intake.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Short-term education programmes have been shown to improve nutritional knowledge and reduce signs of dieting and body image concerns in female and male athletes.
“Short-term education programmes, using various delivery methods and focusing on factors associated with EDs, DE behaviours, and REDs have been shown to improve nutritional knowledge and reduce signs of dieting and body image concerns in female and male athletes.70 152-158”
From 2023 international olympic committee's (IOC) consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) (2023) · cites this paper as [154]
The Discussion and Results (section 3.1; page unavailable) report improved nutrition knowledge after three short education sessions in a group including female and male athletes. They do not report reduced signs of dieting or body-image concerns; the questionnaire section on food choices and body image did not show a significant score increase (p = 0.142). (LLM, conf=0.91)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The theory of planned behavior
Ajzen, I. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t · Cited by 90,587 · see citing works
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.68 · Cited by 27,815 · see citing works
Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7 · Cited by 26,772 · see citing works
Moral Identity and Developmental Theory
Lapsley, D. K. (2015) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000435926 · Cited by 3,836 · see citing works
Willett, W. C. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199754038.001.0001 · Cited by 1,754 · see citing works
Carbohydrates for training and competition
Burke, L. M., Hawley, J. A., Wong, S. H. S., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2011) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2011.585473 · Cited by 985 · see citing works
International Olympic Committee consensus statement on youth athletic development
Bergeron, M. F., Mountjoy, M. L., Armstrong, N., Chia, M., Côté, J., Emery, C. A., Faigenbaum, A. D., Hall, G., Kriemler, S., Léglise, M., et al. (2015) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-094962 · Cited by 920 · see citing works
Relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake
Spronk, I., Kullen, C. J., Burdon, C. A., & O'Connor, H. T. (2014) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114514000087 · Cited by 871 · see citing works
Boushey, C. J., Spoden, M., Zhu, F. M., Delp, E. J., & Kerr, D. A. (2016) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665116002913 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Evidence-Based Strategies in Weight-Loss Mobile Apps
Pagoto, S., Schneider, K., Jojic, M., DeBiasse, M., & Mann, D. (2013) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2013.04.025 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Torres-McGehee, T. M., Pritchett, K. L., Zippel, D., Minton, D. M., Cellamare, A., & Sibilia, M. (2012) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-47.2.205 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for energy
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, N. A. A. (. (2013) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2013.3005 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
A Review of Factors Influencing Athletes’ Food Choices
Birkenhead, K. L., & Slater, G. (2015) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0372-1 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Image-Assisted Dietary Assessment: A Systematic Review of the Evidence
Gemming, L., Utter, J., & Mhurchú, C. N. (2014) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2014.09.015 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Trakman, G., Forsyth, A. K., Devlin, B. L., & Belski, R. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8090570 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Nutrition Education Intervention for College Female Athletes
Abood, D. A., Black, D. R., & Birnbaum, R. D. (2004) · Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s1499-4046(06)60150-4 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Valliant, M. W., Emplaincourt, H. P., Wenzel, R. K., & Garner, B. H. (2012) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu4060506 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Chen, J., Lieffers, J. R. L., Bauman, A. E., Hanning, R. M., & Allman-Farinelli, M. A. (2017) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12446 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Sports Nutrition for Young Athletes
Cotugna, N., Vickery, C. E., & McBee, S. (2005) · The Journal of School Nursing · doi:10.1177/10598405050210060401 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Adherence to Dietary Regimens 2: Components of Effective Interventions
Brownell, K. D., & Cohen, L. R. (1995) · Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/08964289.1995.9933732 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Rossi, F. E., Landreth, A., Beam, S. L., Jones, T., Norton, L. E., & Cholewa, J. M. (2017) · PubMed Central · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Philippou, E., Middleton, N., Pistos, C. M., Andreou, E. P., & Petrou, M. (2016) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2016.08.023 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Exploring General and Sports Nutrition and Food Knowledge in Elite Male Australian Athletes
Devlin, B. L., & Belski, R. (2014) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0259 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Diet App Use by Sports Dietitians: A Survey in Five Countries
Jospe, M. R., Fairbairn, K. A., Green, P., & Perry, T. (2015) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.3345 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Nascimento, M., Silva, D., Ribeiro, S., Nunes, M., Almeida, M., & Mendes-Netto, R. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8090535 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Nutrition knowledge among adolescent high school female athletes.
Chapman, P., Toma, R. B., Tuveson, R. V., & Jacob, M. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 65 · see citing works
A Narrative Review of Social Media and Game-Based Nutrition Interventions Targeted at Young Adults
Nour, M. M., Yeung, S. H., Partridge, S. R., & Allman-Farinelli, M. A. (2017) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2016.12.014 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Nutrition Knowledge Among Young Finnish Endurance Athletes and Their Coaches
Heikkilä, M., Valve, R., Lehtovirta, M., & Fogelholm, M. (2017) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0264 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationMolina‐López, J., Molina, J. M., Ríos, L. J. C., Florea, D., Sáez, L., Jiménez, J., Planells, P., de la Cruz, A. P., & Planells, E. (2013) · PubMed · doi:10.3305/nh.2013.28.4.6600 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Simpson, A., Gemming, L., Baker, D., & Braakhuis, A. J. (2017) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports5030060 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
The Concept of Developmental Teaching
Davydov, V. V. (1998) · Journal of Russian and East European Psychology · doi:10.2753/rpo1061-0405360411 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Buffington, B. C., Melnyk, B. M., Morales, S., Lords, A., & Zupan, M. R. (2016) · Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1002/2327-6924.12359 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
ISSN Exercise & Sport Nutrition Review: Research & Recommendations
Kreider, R. B., Almada, A. L., Antonio, J., Broeder, C., Earnest, C., Greenwood, M., Incledon, T., Kalman, D. S., Kleiner, S. M., Leutholtz, B., et al. (2004) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-1-1-1 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Development of a nutrition knowledge questionnaire for young endurance athletes and their coaches
Heikkilä, M., Valve, R., Lehtovirta, M., & Fogelholm, M. (2017) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12987 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationJacob, R., Lamarche, B., Provencher, V., Laramée, C., Valois, P., Goulet, C., & Drapeau, V. (2016) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2016.04.005 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Ruckenstein, M. (2015) · Studies in health technology and informatics · doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-560-9-28 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Dickey, J. P., Beggs, V. C. E., & Nolte, V. W. (2016) · Sports Nutrition and Therapy · doi:10.4172/2473-6449.1000112 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Pedagogical Background For Technology Education -Meaningful Learning In Theory And Practice
Autio, O. (2009) · i-manager’s Journal on Educational Psychology · doi:10.26634/jet.5.4.820 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mountjoy, M., Ackerman, K. E., Bailey, D. M., Burke, L. M., Constantini, N., Hackney, A. C., Heikura, I. A., Melin, A., Pensgaard, A. M., Stellingwerff, T., et al. (2023) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2023-106994 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
Fahrenholtz, I. L., Melin, A. K., Garthe, I., Hollekim-Strand, S. M., Ivarsson, A., Koehler, K., Logue, D., Lundström, P., Madigan, S., Wasserfurth, P., et al. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15051082 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Foo, W. L., Faghy, M. A., Sparks, S. A., Newbury, J. W., & Gough, L. A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13082713 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Akman, C., Aydın, C. G., & Ersoy, G. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1289448 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Nutritional counseling in athletes: a systematic review
Fiorini, S., Neri, L. D. C. L., Guglielmetti, M., Pedrolini, E., Tagliabue, A., Quatromoni, P. A., & Ferraris, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1250567 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Talens, C., da Quinta, N., Adebayo, F. A., Erkkola, M., Heikkilä, M., Bargiel-Matusiewicz, K. M., Ziółkowska, N., Rioja, P., Łyś, A. E., Cruz, E. S., et al. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/60602 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationExploring Sports Nutrition Knowledge in Elite Gaelic Footballers
O’Brien, L. T., Collins, K. D., & Amirabdollahian, F. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13041081 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Hulland, S. C., Trakman, G., & Alcock, R. (2023) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114523002799 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Bond, S. J., Parikh, N., Majmudar, S., Pin, S., Wang, C., Willis, L., & Haga, S. B. (2022) · Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics · doi:10.2147/ahmt.s342811 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Alkasasbeh, W. J., & Amawi, A. T. (2023) · International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) · doi:10.3991/ijim.v17i17.40959 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Kettunen, O., Heikkilä, M., Linnamo, V., & Ihalainen, J. K. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13061769 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationHolly, S., Jantzi, H. A., Seabrook, J. A., McEachern, L. W., Burke, S. M., Irwin, J. D., & Gilliland, J. (2023) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuad058 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Elite squash players nutrition knowledge and influencing factors
Turner, O., Mitchell, N., Ruddock, A. D., Purvis, A. J., & Ranchordas, M. K. (2021) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-021-00443-3 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Luo, M., & Allman-Farinelli, M. A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13114161 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Investigating Nutrition Literacy Levels among Adolescent Swimmers
Alkasasbeh, W. J., Alawamleh, T., & Alrahahleh, W. A. (2024) · International journal of human movement and sports sciences · doi:10.13189/saj.2024.120215 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Kettunen, O., Ihalainen, J. K., Ohtonen, O., Valtonen, M., Mursu, J., & Linnamo, V. (2021) · Biomedical Human Kinetics · doi:10.2478/bhk-2021-0030 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Ajlouni, A. O., Alkasasbeh, W. J., Al-Shara’h, A., & Ibrahim, A. H. (2023) · International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) · doi:10.3991/ijet.v18i11.38637 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Tan, X., Rogers, N., Brown, N. J., MacDonald, M., Bowler, A.-L. M., & Cox, G. R. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14245203 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Han, S., Pei, Y., Zhao, R., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Qi, X., Zhu, Z., Sun, W., & Wu, B. (2021) · International Journal of Nursing Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2021.07.002 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Bond, S. J., Parikh, N., Majmudar, S., Pin, S., Wang, C., Willis, L., & Haga, S. B. (2022) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Carter, J. L., Lee, D. J., Fenner, J., Ranchordas, M. K., & Cole, M. (2024) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2024.2391369 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Parks, S., Kaur, A., Renzella, J., Malouf, R. S., Moreno‐Mattar, O., Albury, C., Rayner, M., & Scarborough, P. (2025) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-025-01817-5 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Enatsu, N., SEINO, J., Tsuji, T., & Ogata, M. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16060799 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Krisdiani, A. F., Sufyan, D. L., Ilmi, I. M. B., & Syah, M. N. H. (2020) · IKESMA · doi:10.19184/ikesma.v16i2.18804 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Mobile applications for the sport and exercise nutritionist: a narrative review
Peart, D. J., Briggs, M. A., & Shaw, M. P. (2022) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-022-00419-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mallafré‐Larrosa, M., Papi, G., Trilla, A., & Ritchie, D. (2023) · JMIR Cancer · doi:10.2196/48040 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Pengaruh Edukasi dengan Media Sosial Instagram dan YouTube terhadap Pengetahuan Gizi Seimbang
Rinarto, D. L., Ilmi, I. M. B., & Imrar, I. F. (2022) · Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat · doi:10.33221/jikm.v11i03.1056 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Skinner, J. S., Vento, K. A., Johnston, C. S., & Wardenaar, F. C. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research · doi:10.3148/cjdpr-2022-004 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Larose, D., Panahi, S., Jacob, R., & Drapeau, V. (2022) · FACETS · doi:10.1139/facets-2021-0140 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Mooney, P., Lam, L. T. V., Todd, A., Partridge, S. R., & Raeside, R. (2025) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/daaf154 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Veloso-Pulgar, M., de Arriba, R. F., & Farrán-Codina, A. (2025) · Nutrition Research Reviews · doi:10.1017/s0954422425100152 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Jesus, M. J. R. M. D., Fabian, L. N., Javeluna, J. C., Laquimin, S. D., Cayanan, C. M. D., & Dizon, S. G. (2023) · International Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Business and Education Research · doi:10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.08 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Veloso-Pulgar, M., & Farrán-Codina, A. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17152560 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Manzano-Felipe, M. Á., Cruz‐Cobo, C., Bernal-Jiménez, M. Á., & Santi-Cano, M. J. (2024) · Journal of research in nursing · doi:10.1177/17449871241236393 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Nafilla, D., Dewi, Y. L. R., & Ellyas, I. S. (2023) · International Journal of Physical Education Sports and Health · doi:10.22271/kheljournal.2023.v10.i3c.2947 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Musau, J., Folasire, O. F., & Mkumbuzi, N. S. (2025) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-025-01157-8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Gilliland, J., Bowman, D., Cappuccitti, S., Caruso, O., Clark, A., Doherty, S., Haines, J., McEachern, L. W., Minaker, L. M., O’Connor, C., et al. (2026) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-026-01767-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Level of nutrition knowledge personal trainer in West java
APRIANTONO, T. A., Hasan, M. F., Bahri, S., Bahana, I., & Rahadian, R. A. (2021) · Jurnal SPORTIF Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran · doi:10.29407/js_unpgri.v7i3.16812 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Junaidi, Apriyanto, T., Laily, I., & Rizki, P. (2021) · Journal of Physical Education and Sport · doi:10.7752/jpes.2021.s4292 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Stewart, H., Marks, A., Gonter-Dray, R., & Castellanos, D. K. C. (2023) · Journal of Exercise and Nutrition · doi:10.53520/jen2023.103135 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Taye, A. G., & Singh, A. D. (2025) · International Journal of Scientific Reports · doi:10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20250746 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Jayawardena, R., Weerasinghe, K., Nanayakkara, I., Madhujith, T., Hills, A. P., & Kalupahana, N. S. (2025) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2025.2519517 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Enhancing Sports Nutrition Knowledge in Adolescent Football Players
Şentürk, G., Yıldırım, Z., Deliceoğlu, G., & Yılmaz, S. (2025) · Gençlik Araştırmaları Dergisi · doi:10.52528/genclikarastirmalari.1603750 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Groch, J., Gonter-Dray, R., & Castellanos, D. K. C. (2022) · Journal of Exercise and Nutrition · doi:10.53520/jen2022.103122 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pratiwi, R., & Nadhiroh, S. R. (2024) · Media Gizi Indonesia · doi:10.20473/mgi.v19i2.188-197 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Deota, P., & Chandorkar, S. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2484103/v1
Development of Physical Exercise E-book and Management of Diet in Football Athletes
Nusri, A., Emilia, E., Permatasari, T., Sandy, Y. D., Pratiwi, C., Rukmana, E., & Nurfazriah, L. R. (2023) · International Journal of Education in Mathematics Science and Technology · doi:10.46328/ijemst.3167
Ellyas, I. S., Mariyanto, M., Lelono, S., Riyadi, S., Utomo, T. A., Budiyanti, Kustiawan, A. A., & Kristiyanto, A. (2024) · doi:10.56984/8zg01a8b1y5
Layouni, S., Ksibi, S., Ach, T., Elmtaoua, S., Ceylan, H. İ., Ghali, H., Tiss, B., Ajili, M. A., Jemni, S., Muntean, R. I., et al. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17223598
Additional file 1 of Elite squash players nutrition knowledge and influencing factors
Turner, O., Mitchell, N., Ruddock, A. D., Purvis, A. J., & Ranchordas, M. K. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14767410
McDonald, C. V., McSorley, E. M., McNeilly, A., & Magee, P. J. (2026) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2026.113268
Maazaoui, S., Bladier, C., Jacquemot, A.-F., Redmond, N. M., Addamiano, M. C., Raynard, B., Gigandet, S., Lefeuvre‐Plesse, C., Schillinger, P., Véron, L., et al. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9041398/v1
Sannan, N., Younes, H., & Helou, N. E. (2026) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2026.2691213
Victoria‐Montesinos, D., García‐Muñoz, A. M., Mercader‐Ros, M. T., Jaraba-Salinero, Y., & Figueroa-Morales, F. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1939289
Kacer, J., Niepokój, J., Jabłoński, M., Kobaka, L., Chołast, J., Łuniewska, W., Kacer, J., Jurga, K., & Modrzyk, M. (2026) · International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science · doi:10.31435/ijitss.3(51).2026.6410
- Authors
- Heikkilä, M., Lehtovirta, M., Autio, O., Fogelholm, M., & Valve, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Heikkilä, Maria
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-09-18
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2249
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6770376
- OpenAlex
- W2973530838
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 4.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Helsingin Yliopisto (-)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Mobile Learning in Education
- Keywords
- nutrition education, endurance athletes, youth athletes, nutrition knowledge, dietary intake, carbohydrate intake, energy intake, self-determination theory, meaningful learning, sports nutrition
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Energy Intake, Diet, Feeding Behavior, Female, Health Education, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Athletes, Mobile Applications, Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
