Leptin, Obesity, and Leptin Resistance: Where Are We 25 Years Later

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Two defects contribute to hypothalamic leptin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity

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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Plays a Central Role in Development of Leptin Resistance

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Diet-induced obese mice develop peripheral, but not central, resistance to leptin.

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Socs3 deficiency in the brain elevates leptin sensitivity and confers resistance to diet-induced obesity

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Neuronal PTP1B regulates body weight, adiposity and leptin action

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Triglycerides Induce Leptin Resistance at the Blood-Brain Barrier

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Hypothalamic Tanycytes Are an ERK-Gated Conduit for Leptin into the Brain

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Enhanced leptin sensitivity and attenuation of diet-induced obesity in mice with haploinsufficiency of Socs3

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High-Fat Diet Induces Apoptosis of Hypothalamic Neurons

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Leptin reverses weight loss–induced changes in regional neural activity responses to visual food stimuli

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Low Dose Leptin Administration Reverses Effects of Sustained Weight-Reduction on Energy Expenditure and Circulating Concentrations of Thyroid Hormones

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Leptin and Insulin Act on POMC Neurons to Promote the Browning of White Fat

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SOCS3 Is Essential in the Regulation of Fetal Liver Erythropoiesis

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Leptin and the maintenance of elevated body weight

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Expression of Leptin Receptor Isoforms in Rat Brain Microvessels

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Enhanced Weight Loss With Pramlintide/Metreleptin: An Integrated Neurohormonal Approach to Obesity Pharmacotherapy

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Impaired transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier in obesity☆

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Food Intake and the Regulation of Body Weight

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Induction of leptin resistance through direct interaction of C-reactive protein with leptin

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Requirement of Bardet-Biedl syndrome proteins for leptin receptor signaling

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The design of barriers in the hypothalamus allows the median eminence and the arcuate nucleus to enjoy private milieus: The former opens to the portal blood and the latter to the cerebrospinal fluid

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Peptides and the blood–brain barrier

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Characterizaton of Short Isoforms of the Leptin Receptor in Rat Cerebral Microvessels and of Brain Uptake of Leptin in Mouse Models of Obesity

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Long-Term Treatment of Girls with Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency

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Chemical Chaperones: A Pharmacological Strategy for Disorders of Protein Folding and Trafficking

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Identification of a Family of Sorting Nexin Molecules and Characterization of Their Association with Receptors

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Inhibition of PTP1B by Trodusquemine (MSI‐1436) Causes Fat‐specific Weight Loss in Diet‐induced Obese Mice

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PTP1B and SHP2 in POMC neurons reciprocally regulate energy balance in mice

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Differential Accessibility of Circulating Leptin to Individual Hypothalamic Sites

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The Role of Leptin in the Control of Body Weight

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Mice lacking inhibitory leptin receptor signals are lean with normal endocrine function

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Progressive Reduction in Body Weight after Treatment with the Amylin Analog Pramlintide in Obese Subjects: A Phase 2, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study

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Functional Role of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Upregulation in Hypothalamic Leptin Resistance and Long-Term Energy Homeostasis

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Partial saturation and regional variation in the blood-to-brain transport of leptin in normal weight mice

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Restoration of leptin responsiveness in diet‐induced obese mice using an optimized leptin analog in combination with exendin‐4 or FGF21

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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and Obesity

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Subcellular Localization and Internalization of the Four Human Leptin Receptor Isoforms

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Diet-Induced Obese Mice Retain Endogenous Leptin Action

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GLP-1/Glucagon Coagonism Restores Leptin Responsiveness in Obese Mice Chronically Maintained on an Obesogenic Diet

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Transcellular Transport of Leptin by the Short Leptin Receptor Isoform ObRa in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells

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Sorting Nexin 6, a Novel SNX, Interacts with the Transforming Growth Factor-β Family of Receptor Serine-Threonine Kinases

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Astrocyte Leptin Receptor (ObR) and Leptin Transport in Adult-Onset Obese Mice

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Leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier of the Koletsky rat is not mediated by a product of the leptin receptor gene

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Brain leptin reduces liver lipids by increasing hepatic triglyceride secretion and lowering lipogenesis

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Silencing of OB-RGRP in mouse hypothalamic arcuate nucleus increases leptin receptor signaling and prevents diet-induced obesity

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Pegylated Leptin Antagonist Is a Potent Orexigenic Agent: Preparation and Mechanism of Activity

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Up‐Regulation of Blood‐Brain Barrier Short‐Form Leptin Receptor Gene Products in Rats Fed a High Fat Diet

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Changes in Energy Expenditure and Substrate Oxidation Resulting from Weight Loss in Obese Men and Women: Is There an Important Contribution of Leptin?1

Doucet, É., Pierre, S. S., Alméras, N., Mauriège, P., Richard, D., & Tremblay, A. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.4.6500 · Cited by 94 · see citing works

Fluorescent blood–brain barrier tracing shows intact leptin transport in obese mice

Harrison, L. P., Schriever, S. C., Feuchtinger, A., Kyriakou, E., Baumann, P., Pfuhlmann, K., Messias, A. C., Walch, A. K., Tschöp, M. H., & Pfluger, P. T. (2018) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-018-0221-z · Cited by 94 · see citing works

Hypothalamic leptin action is mediated by histone deacetylase 5

Kabra, D. G., Pfuhlmann, K., García‐Cáceres, C., Schriever, S. C., Casquero-García, V., Kebede, A. F., Fuente-Martín, E., Trivedi, C. J., Heppner, K. M., Uhlenhaut, N. H., et al. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms10782 · Cited by 93 · see citing works

Low Levels of Expression of Leptin Receptor at the Cell Surface Result from Constitutive Endocytosis and Intracellular Retention in the Biosynthetic Pathway

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Pegylated human recombinant leptin (PEG-OB) causes additional weight loss in severely energy-restricted, overweight men

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The Fall in Leptin Concentration Is a Major Determinant of the Metabolic Adaptation Induced by Caloric Restriction Independently of the Changes in Leptin Circadian Rhythms

Lecoultre, V., Ravussin, É., & Redman, L. M. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-1286 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

PASylation of Murine Leptin Leads to Extended Plasma Half-Life and Enhanced in Vivo Efficacy

Morath, V., Bolze, F., Schlapschy, M., Schneider, S. E., Sedlmayer, F., Seyfarth, K., Klingenspor, M., & Skerra, A. (2015) · Molecular Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1021/mp5007147 · Cited by 76 · see citing works

Intranasal Leptin Reduces Appetite and Induces Weight Loss in Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity (DIO)

Schulz, C., Paulus, K., Jöhren, O., & Lehnert, H. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2011-1586 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Transport across the Blood-Brain Barrier of Pluronic Leptin

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Ubiquitylation of leptin receptor OB‐Ra regulates its clathrin‐mediated endocytosis

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Maternal Obesity in the Mouse Compromises the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Arcuate Nucleus of Offspring

Kim, D. W., Glendining, K. A., Grattan, D. R., & Jasoni, C. L. (2016) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2016-1014 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

Persistence of blood-to-brain transport of leptin in obese leptin-deficient and leptin receptor-deficient mice

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Effects of chronic weight perturbation on energy homeostasis and brain structure in mice

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Reciprocal cross-regulation between RNF41 and USP8 controls cytokine receptor sorting and processing

Ceuninck, L. D., Wauman, J., Masschaele, D., Peelman, F., & Tavernier, J. H. (2013) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.131250 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Multi-hormonal weight loss combinations in diet-induced obese rats: Therapeutic potential of cholecystokinin?

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Endospanins Regulate a Postinternalization Step of the Leptin Receptor Endocytic Pathway

Séron, K., Couturier, C., Belouzard, S., Bacart, J., Monté, D., Corset, L., Bocquet, O., Dam, J., Vauthier, V., Lecœur, C., et al. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.224857 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

Flurbiprofen ameliorated obesity by attenuating leptin resistance induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress

Hosoi, T., Yamaguchi, R., Noji, K., Matsuo, S., Baba, S., Toyoda, K., Suezawa, T., Kayano, T., Tanaka, S., & Ozawa, K. (2014) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1002/emmm.201303227 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

Changes in Energy Expenditure and Substrate Oxidation Resulting from Weight Loss in Obese Men and Women: Is There an Important Contribution of Leptin?

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Pluronic modified leptin with increased systemic circulation, brain uptake and efficacy for treatment of obesity

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