A High Polyphenol Diet Improves Psychological Well-Being: The Polyphenol Intervention Trial (PPhIT)
Open accessAbstract
Mental ill health is currently one of the leading causes of disease burden worldwide. A growing body of data has emerged supporting the role of diet, especially polyphenols, which have anxiolytic and antidepressant-like properties. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a high polyphenol diet (HPD) compared to a low polyphenol diet (LPD) on aspects of psychological well-being in the Polyphenol Intervention Trial (PPhIT). Ninety-nine mildly hypertensive participants aged 40–65 years were enrolled in a four-week LPD washout period and then randomised to either an LPD or an HPD for eight weeks. Both at baseline and the end of intervention, participants’ lifestyle and psychological well-being were assessed. The participants in the HPD group reported a decrease in depressive symptoms, as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and an improvement in physical component and mental health component scores as assessed with 36-Item Short Form Survey. No differences in anxiety, stress, self-esteem or body image perception were observed. In summary, the study findings suggest that the adoption of a polyphenol-rich diet could potentially lead to beneficial effects including a reduction in depressive symptoms and improvements in general mental health status and physical health in hypertensive participants.
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In another study, a group of 50 volunteers for 8 weeks consumed dark chocolate and blueberries; increased intake of flavonoids resulted in reduced symptoms of depression.
“In another study, a group of 50 volunteers for 8 weeks consumed dark chocolate and blueberries (Kontogianni et al. 2020). Increased intake of flavonoids resulted in reduced symptoms of depression.”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Kontogianni et al. 2020
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Fogel, B. S., & Jiang, X. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780190850074.003.0013 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Małachowska, M., Rusak, E., Chobot, A. P., & Jarosz-Chobot, P. A. (2025) · Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna · doi:10.15557/pimr.2025.0014 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
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Fogel, B. S., & Jiang, X. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780190850074.002.0006
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- Authors
- Kontogianni, M. D., Vijayakumar, A., Rooney, C., Noad, R. L., Appleton, K. M., McCarthy, D., Donnelly, M., Young, I. S., McKinley, M. C., McKeown, P. P., & Woodside, J. V.
- Affiliations
- Harokopio University of Athens (GR)
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Bournemouth University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Woodside, Jayne V.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-08-14
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2445
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7469043
- OpenAlex
- W3049609680
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 6.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bournemouth University Research Online (Bournemouth University) (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Northern Ireland Health and Social Care Research and Development doctoral fellowship award (EAT/4195/09)
- Northern Ireland Chest Heart and Stroke scientific research grant (2010_17)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- dietary polyphenols, psychological well-being, depressive symptoms, mental health, hypertension, antidepressant effects, anxiety, self-esteem, body image, lifestyle intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Anxiety, Body Image, Depression, Female, Health Status, Humans, Hypertension, Life Style, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Self Concept, Dietary Supplements, Polyphenols
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