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Fluid Intake Recommendation Considering the Physiological Adaptations of Adults Over 65 Years: A Critical Review

Masot, Olga, Miranda, Jèssica, Santamaría, Ana Lavedán, Paraiso Pueyo, Elena, Pascual, Alexandra, Botigué, Teresa·2020·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu12113383
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Abstract

The aim of this critical review was to clarify recommended fluid intake for older people. A literature search of published articles and guidelines on fluid intake recommendations until April 2020 was carried out using PUBMED, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. In this review, we focused on people over 65 years old at different care levels. The results show that the mean fluid intake ranges between 311 and 2390 mL/day. However, it is difficult to know whether this corresponds to the real pattern of fluid intake, due to the variability of data collection methods. With respect to the recommendations, most international organizations do not take into consideration the physiology of ageing or the health problems associated with an older population. In conclusions, we recommend to follow the guideline of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). ESPEN is the only guideline which takes into account age. It is also based on EFSA recommendations. This authority takes into consideration all fluids consumed (ranging from food to fluids). If it is known that around 20% of all fluids consumed come from food, the result would effectively be that the EFSA recommends the same as the ESPEN guidelines: 1.6 L/day for females and 2.0 L/day for males. The findings could help raise the awareness of professionals in the sector with respect to the required fluid intake of the elderly and, in this way, contribute to avoiding the consequences of dehydration.

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Metadata

Authors
Masot, O., Miranda, J., Santamaría, A. L., Paraiso Pueyo, E., Pascual, A., & Botigué, T.
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-11-04
Volume
12
Issue
11
Pages
3383
ISSN
2072-6643
DOI
10.3390/nu12113383
Cited by
39
References
5
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

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