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An early mediterranean-based nutritional intervention during pregnancy reduces metabolic syndrome and glucose dysregulation rates at 3 years postpartum

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Melero, Verónica, Arnoriaga, Maria, Barabash, Ana, Valerio, Johanna, del Valle, Laura, Martin O’Connor, Rocio, de Miguel, Maria Paz, Diaz, Jose Angel +13 more·2023·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu15143252PMC PMC10383706
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Abstract

A Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)-based intervention reduces the rate of immediate postpartum maternal metabolic disorders. Whether these effects persist long-term remains to be determined. A total of 2526 normoglycemic women were randomized before the 12th gestational week (GW). IG women followed a MedDiet with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) (>40 mL/day) and a handful of nuts daily, whereas CG women had to restrict all kinds of dietary fat. At 3 months postpartum, a motivational lifestyle interview was held. The endpoint of the study evaluated the rate of abnormal glucose regulation (AGR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) at 3 years postpartum in women of the San Carlos cohort. A total of 369/625 (59%) CG women and 1031/1603 (64.3%) IG women were finally analyzed. At 3 months and 3 years postdelivery, the IG women showed higher adherence to the MedDiet, which was associated with lower values of body mass index (BMI) and lipid and glycemic profiles. Body weight change and waist circumference were lower in the IG women. After applying multiple regression analysis, the ORs (95%CI) resulted in AGR (3.18 (2.48–4.08); p < 0.001)/MetS (3.79 (1.81–7.95); p = 0.001) for women with GDM and higher OR for development of MetS in CG women (3.73 (1.77–7.87); p = 0.001). A MedDiet-based intervention early in pregnancy demonstrated persistent beneficial effects on AGR and MetS rates at 3 years postpartum.

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Authors
Melero, V., Arnoriaga, M., Barabash, A., Valerio, J., del Valle, L., Martin O’Connor, R., de Miguel, M. P., Diaz, J. A., Familiar, C., Moraga, I., Duran, A., Cuesta, M., Torrejon, M. J., Martinez-Novillo, M., Moreno, M., Romera, G., Runkle, I., Pazos, M., Rubio, M. A., Matia-Martín, P., & Calle-Pascual, A. L.
Affiliations
  • Hospital Clínico San Carlos (ES)
  • Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
  • Clinical Laboratory Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
ORCID
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-07-22
Volume
15
Issue
14
Pages
3252
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/nu15143252
PMC
PMC10383706
OpenAlex
W4385215670
Cited by
14
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1
FWCI
3.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Instituto de Salud Carlos III/MICINN of Spain (PI20/01758, PREDIGES RTC2019-007406-1)
  • European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) (PI20/01758, PREDIGES RTC2019-007406-1)
  • Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PI20/01758, PREDIGES RTC2019-007406-1)
  • Agencia Estatal de Investigación of Spain (PI20/01758, PREDIGES RTC2019-007406-1)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Keywords
Mediterranean diet, pregnancy, maternal metabolic syndrome, glucose dysregulation, postpartum period, extra virgin olive oil, nuts, dietary fat restriction, gestational diabetes mellitus, body mass index, waist circumference, lipid profile, glycemic profile
MeSH terms
Olive Oil, Female, Glucose, Humans, Pregnancy, Metabolic Syndrome, Diet, Mediterranean, Postpartum Period

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