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Cited by 52Nutritional Studies and DietNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorObesity, Physical Activity, Diet

Low Calorie Beverage Consumption Is Associated with Energy and Nutrient Intakes and Diet Quality in British Adults

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Gibson, Sigrid, Horgan, Graham, Francis, Lucy, Gibson, Amelia, Stephen, Alison·2016·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu8010009PMC PMC4728623
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Abstract

It is unclear whether consumption of low-calorie beverages (LCB) leads to compensatory consumption of sweet foods, thus reducing benefits for weight control or diet quality. This analysis investigated associations between beverage consumption and energy intake and diet quality of adults in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) (2008–2011; n = 1590), classified into: (a) non-consumers of soft drinks (NC); (b) LCB consumers; (c) sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumers; or (d) consumers of both beverages (BB), based on 4-day dietary records. Within-person data on beverage consumption on different days assessed the impact on energy intake. LCB consumers and NC consumed less energy and non-milk extrinsic sugars than other groups. Micronutrient intakes and food choices suggested higher dietary quality in NC/LCB consumers compared with SSB/BB consumers. Within individuals on different days, consumption of SSB, milk, juice, and alcohol were all associated with increased energy intake, while LCB and tea, coffee or water were associated with no change; or reduced energy intake when substituted for caloric beverages. Results indicate that NC and LCB consumers tend to have higher quality diets compared with SSB or BB consumers and do not compensate for sugar or energy deficits by consuming more sugary foods.

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  • Increasing protein intakes above recommended intakes does not enhance endurance performance.

    “Although the number of investigations is limited, it appears as if increasing protein intakes above recommended intakes does not enhance endurance performance [2, 4, 5].”

    From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [5]

    Section 3.4 (page unavailable) reports protein intake by beverage-consumer group, not the effect of protein intake on endurance performance. Searches for the claim’s wording and for endurance performance, athletes, and protein recommendations found no passage addressing that relationship. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Added protein does not appear to improve endurance performance when given for several days, weeks, or immediately prior to and during endurance exercise.

    “In conclusion, added protein does not appear to improve endurance performance when given for several days, weeks, or immediately prior to and during endurance exercise.”

    From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [5]

    The Results (§3.4, page unavailable) compare protein intake across beverage-consumer groups, not the effects of added protein on endurance performance. Searches for the claimed dosing periods and for protein supplementation and endurance performance found no passage addressing that claim. (LLM, conf=0.78)

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  • When adequate carbohydrate is delivered, adding protein to carbohydrate does not appear to improve endurance performance over the course of a few days or weeks.

    “When adequate carbohydrate is delivered, adding protein to carbohydrate does not appear to improve endurance performance over the course of a few days or weeks.”

    From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [5]

    The Results (§3.4, page not provided) report protein and carbohydrate intakes by beverage-consumer group, not endurance performance. A search for adding protein to adequate carbohydrate and for performance over days or weeks found no passage addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.78)

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Authors
Gibson, S., Horgan, G., Francis, L., Gibson, A., & Stephen, A.
Affiliations
  • Sig-Nurture, Guildford, Surrey GU1 2TF, UK
  • Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland (GB)
  • University of Surrey (GB)
Corresponding author
Gibson, Sigrid
ORCID
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2016-01-02
Volume
8
Issue
1
Pages
9
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/nu8010009
PMC
PMC4728623
OpenAlex
W2221502635
Cited by
52
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7
FWCI
7.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
Funders
UNESDA (Soft drinks Europe)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Keywords
low-calorie beverages, sugar-sweetened beverages, soft drinks, energy intake, compensatory consumption, diet quality, non-milk extrinsic sugars, micronutrient intake, beverage substitution, weight management, adults
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Beverages, Energy Intake, Diet, Feeding Behavior, Female, Food Preferences, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nutritive Value, Sweetening Agents, Diet Records, Micronutrients, Dietary Sucrose, Young Adult, Non-Nutritive Sweeteners

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