The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Zinc as a Gatekeeper of Immune Function
Open accessAbstract
After the discovery of zinc deficiency in the 1960s, it soon became clear that zinc is essential for the function of the immune system. Zinc ions are involved in regulating intracellular signaling pathways in innate and adaptive immune cells. Zinc homeostasis is largely controlled via the expression and action of zinc “importers” (ZIP 1–14), zinc “exporters” (ZnT 1–10), and zinc-binding proteins. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of zinc have long been documented, however, underlying mechanisms are still not entirely clear. Here, we report molecular mechanisms underlying the development of a pro-inflammatory phenotype during zinc deficiency. Furthermore, we describe links between altered zinc homeostasis and disease development. Consequently, the benefits of zinc supplementation for a malfunctioning immune system become clear. This article will focus on underlying mechanisms responsible for the regulation of cellular signaling by alterations in zinc homeostasis. Effects of fast zinc flux, intermediate “zinc waves”, and late homeostatic zinc signals will be discriminated. Description of zinc homeostasis-related effects on the activation of key signaling molecules, as well as on epigenetic modifications, are included to emphasize the role of zinc as a gatekeeper of immune function.
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Cites
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Nutrition, immunity and COVID-19
Calder, P. C. (2020) · BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health · doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085 · Cited by 426
Role of zinc in health and disease
Stiles, L. I., Ferrao, K., & Mehta, K. J. (2024) · Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10238-024-01302-6 · Cited by 275
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Zinc, Carnosine, and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Kawahara, M., Tanaka, K.-I., & Kato-Negishi, M. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10020147 · Cited by 134
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Zinc and Diabetes: A Connection between Micronutrient and Metabolism
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Zinc is an important inter-kingdom signal between the host and microbe
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Mast cells play role in wound healing through the ZnT2/GPR39/IL-6 axis
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wessels, I., Maywald, M., & Rink, L.
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2017-11-25
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1286
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2769714204
- Cited by
- 747
- References
- 31
- FWCI
- 28.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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