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Cited by 1,475Diabetes and associated disordersDiabetes Management and ResearchPancreatic function and diabetes

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Katsarou, Anastasia, Gudbjörnsdottir, Soffia, Rawshani, Araz, Dabelea, Dana, Bonifacio, Ezio, Anderson, Barbara J., Jacobsen, Laura M., Schatz, Desmond A. +1 more·2017·Nature Reviews Disease Primers
DOI 10.1038/nrdp.2017.16
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Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), also known as autoimmune diabetes, is a chronic disease characterized by insulin deficiency due to pancreatic β-cell loss and leads to hyperglycaemia. Although the age of symptomatic onset is usually during childhood or adolescence, symptoms can sometimes develop much later. Although the aetiology of T1DM is not completely understood, the pathogenesis of the disease is thought to involve T cell-mediated destruction of β-cells. Islet-targeting autoantibodies that target insulin, 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase, insulinoma-associated protein 2 and zinc transporter 8 - all of which are proteins associated with secretory granules in β-cells - are biomarkers of T1DM-associated autoimmunity that are found months to years before symptom onset, and can be used to identify and study individuals who are at risk of developing T1DM. The type of autoantibody that appears first depends on the environmental trigger and on genetic factors. The pathogenesis of T1DM can be divided into three stages depending on the absence or presence of hyperglycaemia and hyperglycaemia-associated symptoms (such as polyuria and thirst). A cure is not available, and patients depend on lifelong insulin injections; novel approaches to insulin treatment, such as insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring and hybrid closed-loop systems, are in development. Although intensive glycaemic control has reduced the incidence of microvascular and macrovascular complications, the major…

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  • In organs other than the heart, TRM cells have been incriminated as key drivers of autoimmune diseases including psoriasis, vitiligo, type 1 diabetes, idiopathic arthritis, Alzheimer disease, and multiple sclerosis.

    “Moreover, in other organs than the heart, T RM cells have been incriminated as key drivers of autoimmune diseases including psoriasis, vitiligo, type 1 diabetes, idiopathic arthritis, Alzheimer disease, and multiple sclerosis. 294,302-310”

    From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [304]

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Authors
Katsarou, A., Gudbjörnsdottir, S., Rawshani, A., Dabelea, D., Bonifacio, E., Anderson, B. J., Jacobsen, L. M., Schatz, D. A., & Lernmark, Å.
Affiliations
  • Lund University (SE)
  • Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SE)
  • Colorado School of Public Health (US)
  • Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (DE)
  • Baylor College of Medicine (US)
  • University of Florida Health (US)
Corresponding author
Lernmark, Åke
ORCID
Venue
Nature Reviews Disease Primers
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2017-03-30
Volume
3
Issue
1
Pages
17016-17016
ISSN
2056-676X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/nrdp.2017.16
OpenAlex
W2736029153
Cited by
1,475
References
312
Citations by year
2026: 141 · 2025: 220 · 2024: 217 · 2023: 193 · 2022: 197 · 2021: 158 · 2020: 117 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 58 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
FWCI
9.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Disease Primers (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Keywords
type 1 diabetes, autoimmune diabetes, beta cell destruction, insulin deficiency, T cell-mediated autoimmunity, islet autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase, zinc transporter 8, pathogenesis, early diagnosis, insulin therapy, continuous glucose monitoring, hybrid closed-loop system, glycemic control, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications
MeSH terms
Autoimmune Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Insulin, Islets of Langerhans, Mass Screening, Quality of Life, Insulin-Secreting Cells

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