Data provenance in healthcare: approaches, challenges, and future directions
Open accessAbstract
Data provenance means recording data origins and the history of data generation and processing. In healthcare, data provenance is one of the essential processes that make it possible to track the sources and reasons behind any problem with a user’s data. With the emergence of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), data provenance in healthcare systems should be implemented to give users more control over data. This SLR studies the impacts of data provenance in healthcare and GDPR-compliance-based data provenance through a systematic review of peer-reviewed articles. The SLR discusses the technologies used to achieve data provenance and various methodologies to achieve data provenance. We then explore different technologies that are applied in the healthcare domain and how they achieve data provenance. In the end, we have identified key research gaps followed by future research directions.
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Detailed logging and source documentation support fairness and liability concerns by showing exactly what information influenced a decision.
“From an ethical standpoint, detailed logging and source documentation also support fairness and liability concerns by showing exactly what information influenced a decision (Ahmed et al., 2023).”
From An auditable and source-verified framework for clinical AI decision support: integrating retrieval-augmented generation with data provenance (2026) · cites this paper as Ahmed et al., 2023
Section 2.1.3 says logs record data history and enable traceability, accountability, and auditing; Section 2.3 says provenance can identify what patient data were collected. The copy does not say that these records show exactly which information influenced a decision or that they address fairness and liability concerns. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThese mechanisms provide accountability: every read or write action can be traced, enabling audits in case of errors or misconduct.
“These mechanisms provide accountability: every read or write action can be traced, enabling audits in case of errors or misconduct (Ahmed et al., 2023).”
From An auditable and source-verified framework for clinical AI decision support: integrating retrieval-augmented generation with data provenance (2026) · cites this paper as Ahmed et al., 2023
Logs of the kind described provide a comprehensive record that enables traceability, accountability, and auditing of the system.
“As Ahmed et al. (2023) note, logs of this kind provide a “comprehensive record” that enables traceability, accountability, and auditing of the system.”
From An auditable and source-verified framework for clinical AI decision support: integrating retrieval-augmented generation with data provenance (2026) · cites this paper as Ahmed et al., 2023
Provenance systems often rely on detailed logs, cryptographic checks, or blockchain techniques to ensure data integrity and traceability.
“Provenance systems often rely on detailed logs, cryptographic checks, or even blockchain techniques to ensure data integrity and traceability (Ahmed et al., 2023).”
From An auditable and source-verified framework for clinical AI decision support: integrating retrieval-augmented generation with data provenance (2026) · cites this paper as Ahmed et al., 2023
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- Authors
- Ahmed, M., Dar, A. R., Helfert, M., Khan, A., & Kim, J.
- Affiliations
- National University of Ireland, Maynooth (IE)
- COMSATS University Islamabad (PK)
- University of Derby (GB)
- Gachon University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Ahmed, Mansoor
- Kim, Jungsuk
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-07-18
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 6495
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10384601
- OpenAlex
- W4384825553
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8
- FWCI
- 1.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022R1A2C1012037)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Electronic Health Records Systems
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Cloud Data Security Solutions
- Keywords
- data provenance, health data, General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR compliance, patient data control, research gaps
- MeSH terms
- Delivery of Health Care, Biomedical Research
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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