The DOI matches its Crossref record; 84 of the 85 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Background The relation between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and body weight remains controversial.Objective We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence in children and adults.Design We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases through March 2013 for prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the SSB-weight relation. Separate meta-analyses were conducted in children and adults and for cohorts and RCTs by using random- and fixed-effects models.Results Thirty-two original articles were included in our meta-analyses: 20 in children (15 cohort studies, n = 25,745; 5 trials, n = 2772) and 12 in adults (7 cohort studies, n = 174,252; 5 trials, n = 292). In cohort studies, one daily serving increment of SSBs was associated with a 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.10) and 0.05 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.07)-unit increase in BMI in children and 0.22 kg (95% CI: 0.09, 0.34 kg) and 0.12 kg (95% CI: 0.10, 0.14 kg) weight gain in adults over 1 y in random- and fixed-effects models, respectively. RCTs in children showed reductions in BMI gain when SSBs were reduced [random and fixed effects: -0.17 (95% CI: -0.39, 0.05) and -0.12 (95% CI: -0.22, -0.2)], whereas RCTs in adults showed increases in body weight when SSBs were added (random and fixed effects: 0.85 kg; 95% CI: 0.50, 1.20 kg). Sensitivity analyses of RCTs in children showed more pronounced benefits in preventing weight gain in SSB substitution trials (compared with school-based educational programs) and among overweight children (compared with normal-weight children).Conclusion Our systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and RCTs provides evidence that SSB consumption promotes weight gain in children and adults.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Studies among children are more limited and have generally focused on weight gain [4] and dental caries [10], as well as insulin resistance to a lesser extent [11, 12].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“Evidence has emerged linking SSB consumption to a number of health consequences among adults including weight gain [4, 5], cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., dyslipidemia) [6], insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [7, 8] and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [9].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“Moderate quality evidence suggested that the highest versus lowest dietary sugar consumption was associated with increased body weight (sugar sweetened beverages) (class IV evidence)”
From Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review (2023) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“Dose-response analysis based on seven cohort studies showed that a one serving/day increment of sugar sweetened beverages was associated with a 0.22 kg weight gain in one year (weighted mean difference 0.22, 0.09 to 0.34).”
From Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review (2023) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“The authors conducted a dose-response analysis and showed that body mass index in children increased by 0.07 units for every one serving/day increment of sugar sweetened beverages (weighted mean difference 0.07, 0.01 to 0.12) (low; IV).”
From Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review (2023) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“Dietary sugar consumption had harmful associations with endocrine and metabolic outcomes, including changes in body mass index in children,53 changes in body weight,53 changes in body weight (one year),53 gout,11 13 58 high density lipoprotein cholesterol,60 hyperuricaemia,11 59 latent autoimmune diabetes in adults,30 low density lipoprotein cholesterol,60 metabolic syndrome,61 obesity in children”
From Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review (2023) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“dietary sugar consumption, especially sugar sweetened beverage consumption, is convincingly associated with the risk of obesity weight gain,1 3 53”
From Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review (2023) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“A meta-analysis of seven cohort studies and five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) found SSB’s increased weight by 0.12 kg/serving/year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–0.14) in adults (124).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [124]
In the citing paper
“This may be an important consideration given the emerging evidence of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) in the aetiology of obesity( 102 , 103 ) and cardiometabolic risk( 104 , 105 ).”
From Understanding meal patterns: definitions, methodology and impact on nutrient intake and diet quality (2015) · cites this paper as [103]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 · Cited by 64,042
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · Cited by 63,139
Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
Egger, M., Smith, G. D., Schneider, M., & Minder, C. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629 · Cited by 56,722
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859
Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis
Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1186 · Cited by 36,763
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: Cochrane Book Series
(2008) · doi:10.1002/9780470712184 · Cited by 25,048
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.06.005 · Cited by 19,575
Wang, G., Ma, R., Qiao, G., Wada, K., Aizawa, Y., & Satoh, T. (2015) · Integrative Medicine International · doi:10.1159/000368408 · Cited by 18,762
(2014) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 17,633
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 85 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Hu FB. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 1,001
Larsson, S. C., Giovannucci, E. L., & Wolk, A. (2016) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djw125 · Cited by 41
“sociated with weight gain (10) and with increased risk of the”
Backgroundvon Philipsborn, P., Stratil, J. M., Burns, J., Busert, L. K., Pfadenhauer, L. M., Polus, S., Holzapfel, C., Hauner, H., & Rehfuess, E. A. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012292 · Cited by 38
Searching for Public Health Law’s Sweet Spot: The Regulation of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
Studdert, D. M., Flanders, J., & Mello, M. M. (2015) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001848 · Cited by 40
Changes in water and sugar-containing beverage consumption and body weight outcomes in children
Muckelbauer, R., Gortmaker, S. L., Libuda, L., Kersting, M., Clausen, K., Adelberger, B., & Müller‐Nordhorn, J. (2016) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114516001136 · Cited by 45
Lora, K. R., Hubbs‐Tait, L., Ferris, A. M., & Wakefield, D. B. (2016) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.09.012 · Cited by 36
Anderson, Y. C., Wynter, L. E., Butler, M. S., Grant, C. C., STEWART, J. M., Cave, T. L., Wild, C. E. K., Derraik, J. G. B., Cutfield, W. S., & Hofman, P. L. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166996 · Cited by 36
Winpenny, E. M., Penney, T. L., Corder, K. L., White, M. J., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2017) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12588 · Cited by 36
“Sugar intake in childhood and adolescence, specifically intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been associated with weight gain in prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (1), while substitution of SSBs with other beverages has been associated with reduced body fatness (2).”
BackgroundPartisan Responses to Public Health Messages: Motivated Reasoning and Sugary Drink Taxes
Gollust, S. E., Barry, C. L., & Niederdeppe, J. (2017) · Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law · doi:10.1215/03616878-4193606 · Cited by 36
Basto-Abreu, A. C., Braverman‐Bronstein, A., Camacho‐García‐Formentí, D., Zepeda‐Tello, R., Popkin, B. M., Rivera, J. Á., Hernández‐Ávila, M., & Barrientos‐Gutiérrez, T. (2018) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002664 · Cited by 38
Morley, B., Niven, P., Dixon, H., Swanson, M. G., Szybiak, M., Shilton, T., Pratt, I., Slevin, T. J., & Wakefield, M. A. (2019) · Health Promotion Journal of Australia · doi:10.1002/hpja.244 · Cited by 35
Pomeranz, J. L., Mozaffarian, D., & Micha, R. (2020) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2020.01.006 · Cited by 35
How are frames generated? Insights from the industry lobby against the sugar tax in Ireland
Campbell, N., Mialon, M., Reilly, K., Browne, S., & Finucane, F. M. (2020) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113215 · Cited by 39
Alcaraz, A. O., Pichón-Rivière, A., Palacios, A., Bardach, A., Balan, D. J., Perelli, L., Augustovski, F., & Ciapponi, A. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11046-7 · Cited by 39
Gerritsen, S., Wall, C. R., & Morton, S. (2015) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980015002955 · Cited by 37
Schwingshackl, L., Schlesinger, S., Devleesschauwer, B., HOFFMANN, G. E., Bechthold, A., Schwedhelm, C., Iqbal, K., Knüppel, S., & Boeing, H. (2018) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665118000125 · Cited by 37
“Consistent evidence from another meta-analysis of cohort studies showed that high consumption of SSB is associated with a higher risk of weight gain((94)).”
Lo, W.-C., Ou, S.-H., Chou, C.-L., Chen, J.-S., Wu, M.-Y., & Wu, M.-S. (2021) · Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s40620-020-00957-0 · Cited by 34
Maunder, E., Nel, J. H., Steyn, N. P., Kruger, H. S., & Labadarios, D. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142059 · Cited by 34
Anderson, J. J., Celis-Morales, C. A., Mackay, D., Iliodromiti, S., Lyall, D. M., Sattar, N. A., Gill, J. M. R., & Pell, J. P. (2016) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyw173 · Cited by 34
Gasser, C. E., Mensah, F., Kerr, J. A., & Wake, M. (2017) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2017-209641 · Cited by 27
Li, H., Liang, H., Yang, H., Zhang, X., Ding, X., Zhang, R., Mao, Y., Liu, Z., Kan, Q., & Sun, T. (2021) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdab069 · Cited by 37
Kwon, M., Kim, Y., Lee, J., Manthey, J. A., Kim, Y., & Kim, Y. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14051087 · Cited by 35
“Previous studies have shown that increased sugar consumption could enhance the prevalence of obesity in children and adults [15,16].”
BackgroundDu, F., Song, H., Esperat, M. C. R., & Black, I. E. (2015) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/ajhp.140801-quan-384 · Cited by 33
“of reducing SSB intake on weight gain and body fat is small.(51,52) For instance,”
BackgroundZheng, M., Rangan, A., Allman-Farinelli, M. A., Rohde, J. F., Olsen, N. J., & Heitmann, B. L. (2015) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114515002974 · Cited by 40
“Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies and randomised controlled trials (RCT) support a positive association between SSB consumption and weight gain((11,12)).”
BackgroundFrench Recommendations for Sugar Intake in Adults: A Novel Approach Chosen by ANSES
Tappy, L., Morio, B., Azzout‐Marniche, D., Champ, M. M. J., Gerber, M., Houdart, S., Mas, E., Rizkalla, S. W., Slama, G., Mariotti, F., et al. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10080989 · Cited by 41
Castelló, J. V., & Casasnovas, G. L. I. (2019) · Economics & Human Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2019.100821 · Cited by 41
Exposure to Food and Beverage Advertising on Television among Canadian Adolescents, 2011 to 2016
Czoli, C. D., Pauzé, E., & Kent, M. P. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12020428 · Cited by 34
“Given the significant contribution of sugary drinks to the caloric intake of Canadian adolescents, and its documented contribution to weight gain [32,33], an in-depth examination of sugary drink advertising was also conducted.”
BackgroundSun, M., Hu, X., Fang, L., Deng, J., Shi, J., & Lin, Q. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17103571 · Cited by 33
Policy Process And Non-State Actors’ Influence On The 2014 Mexican Soda Tax
Carriedo, Á., Lock, K., & Hawkins, B. (2020) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czaa060 · Cited by 39
Impact of a Gardening and Physical Activity Intervention in Title 1 Schools: The TGEG Study
van den Berg, A. E., Warren, J. L., McIntosh, A., Hoelscher, D. M., Ory, M. G., Jovanovic, C. E. S., López, M., Whittlesey, L., Kirk, A., Walton, C., et al. (2020) · Childhood Obesity · doi:10.1089/chi.2019.0238 · Cited by 33
Yang, Q., Xi, Y., Liu, H., Luo, J., Ouyang, Y., Sun, M., Yong, C., Xiang, C., & Lin, Q. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13030765 · Cited by 34
“It is essential to improve schools’ food environment by regulating the sale of beverages and foods that are high in free sugars [48].”
BackgroundPollard, C. M., Meng, X., Hendrie, G. A., Hendrie, D. V., Sullivan, D., Pratt, I., Kerr, D. A., & Scott, J. A. (2015) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1111/1753-6405.12482 · Cited by 33
Dietary Behaviors Among Young and Older Adults in Brazil
Bezerra, I. N., Gurgel, A. O. D. C., Barbosa, R. G. B., & da Silva, G. B. (2017) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0978-0 · Cited by 34
“The consumption of soft drinks and other beverages with added sugar has been associated with the development of several chronic diseases, in addition to obesity, both in children and in adults (21).”
Macronutrients and micronutrients
Gush, L., Shah, S., & Gilani, F. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821573-9.00023-0 · Cited by 50
Muckelbauer, R., Barbosa, C. L., Mittag, T., Burkhardt, K., Mikelaishvili, N., & Müller‐Nordhorn, J. (2014) · PubMed · doi:10.1002/oby.20911 · Cited by 37
“Although the causal role of sugar-sweetened beverages in the development of obesity is still debated (9-11), a recent meta-analysis proposed that decreasing their consumption could reduce the obesity epidemic (12).”
BackgroundLee, A. K., Chowdhury, R., & Welsh, J. A. (2015) · Obesity Science & Practice · doi:10.1002/osp4.7 · Cited by 34
“Our results support the findings of others who have shown a positive association between dietary sugars and adiposity (5) while at the same time providing new insight into how this association varies by the type and form of the sugars consumed.”
ResultHeise, T. L., Katikireddi, S. V., Pega, F., Gartlehner, G., Fenton, C., Griebler, U., Sommer, I., Pfinder, M., & Lhachimi, S. K. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012319 · Cited by 34
Factors associated with sugar intake and sugar sources in European children from 1 to 8 years of age
Pawellek, I., Grote, V., Theurich, M. A., Closa‐Monasterolo, R., Stolarczyk, A., Verduci, E., Xhonneux, A., Koletzko, B. V., & European Childhood Obesity Trial Study Group (2016) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.206 · Cited by 32
The impact of UK soft drinks industry levy on manufacturers’ domestic turnover
Law, C., Cornelsen, L., Adams, J. M., Pell, D., Rutter, H., White, M. J., & Smith, R. (2020) · Economics & Human Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2020.100866 · Cited by 32
Bleiweiss-Sande, R., Sacheck, J. M., Chui, K. K. H., Goldberg, J. P., Bailey, C. P., & Evans, E. W. (2020) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.104696 · Cited by 35
Sylvetsky, A. C., Visek, A. J., Halberg, S. E., Rhee, D. K., Ongaro, Z., Essel, K. D., Dietz, W. H., & Sacheck, J. M. (2020) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.104826 · Cited by 34
Gasser, C. E., Mensah, F. K., Russell, M. A., Dunn, S., & Wake, M. A. (2016) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.119883 · Cited by 32
Obesity, public health ethics and the nanny state
Steele, M. W., Mialon, M., Browne, S., Campbell, N., & Finucane, F. M. (2021) · Ethics Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jemep.2021.100724 · Cited by 31
The efficacy of sugar labeling formats: Implications for labeling policy
Vanderlee, L., White, C. M., Bordes, I., Hobin, E. P., & Hammond, D. G. (2015) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.21316 · Cited by 34
“Excessive consumption of added sugar, in particular from sugar-sweetened beverages, has been associated with greater energy density in diets and poorer diet quality, as well as weight gain and increased risk of chronic diseases (2-9).”
BackgroundSchool District Policies and Adolescents' Soda Consumption
Miller, G. F., Sliwa, S. A., Brener, N. D., Park, S., & Merlo, C. L. (2016) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.02.003 · Cited by 32
“, daily) consumption of SSBs is related to adverse health consequences including but not limited to weight gain/obesity [3], cardiovascular health [4], dental caries [5], asthma [6], poor diet quality [7], and poor academic achievement [8] among children and adolescents.”
BackgroundChildren and adolescents' attitudes towards sugar reduction in dairy products
Yoo, H.-J., Machín, L., Arrúa, A., Antúnez, L., Vidal, L., Giménez, A., Curutchet, M. R., & Ares, G. (2017) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2017.02.005 · Cited by 31
Cervi, M. M., Agurs‐Collins, T., Dwyer, L. A., Thai, C. L., Moser, R. P., & Nebeling, L. C. (2017) · Journal of Community Health · doi:10.1007/s10900-016-0313-4 · Cited by 32
“A systematic review of crosssectional, prospective, and experimental studies found that greater consumption of SSBs was associated with weight gain and obesity [5].”
BackgroundStern, D., Middaugh, N. A., Rice, M. S., Laden, F., López‐Ridaura, R., ROSNER, B. A., Willett, W. C., & Lajous, M. (2017) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.304008 · Cited by 35
“sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and its association with weight gain instead of changes in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption.(8) Evaluating changes in sugarsweetened beverage intake on changes in adiposity in a population-based study may more appropriately address the temporal relation between limiting sugar-s…”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationGamboa-Gamboa, T., Blanco‐Metzler, A., Vandevijvere, S., Ramírez‐Zea, M., & Kroker-Lobos, M. F. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11112738 · Cited by 35
The health and financial impacts of a sugary drink tax across different income groups in Canada
Kao, K.-E., Jones, A. C., Öhinmaa, A., & Paulden, M. (2020) · Economics & Human Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2020.100869 · Cited by 31
Liu, J., Chen, T., Chen, M., Ma, Y., Ma, T., Gao, D., Li, Y., Ma, Q., Chen, L., Wang, X., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.888671 · Cited by 32
“Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been the major contributor of added sugar in the annual diet, which is detrimental to the health and associated with increased risks of weight gain (10), hypertension (11), and metabolic syndrome (12).”
BackgroundEmmert-Fees, K. M. F., Amies‐Cull, B., Wawro, N., Linseisen, J., Staudigel, M., Peters, A., Cobiac, L. J., O’Flaherty, M., Scarborough, P., Kypridemos, C., et al. (2023) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004311 · Cited by 40
Why can't we control our food intake? The downside of dietary variety on learned satiety responses
Martin, A. (2016) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.04.010 · Cited by 30
Eli, K., Hörnell, A., Malek, M. E., & Nowicka, P. (2017) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.01.011 · Cited by 30
“A systematic review and meta-analysis published in 2013 showed that consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with weight gain in children (Malik et al., 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialOrtega‐Avila, A. G., Papadaki, A., & Jago, R. (2017) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980017002695 · Cited by 30
“Although obesity is a multifactorial problem, evidence suggests that sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake is a significant driver of the obesity epidemic in children and adolescents((2)).”
BackgroundProinflammatory cytokines in early childhood caries: Salivary analysis in the mother/children pair
Ribeiro, C. C. C., Pachêco, C. D. J. B., Costa, E. L., Ladeira, L. L. C., Costa, J. F., da Silva, R. A., & do Carmo, C. D. S. (2017) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.009 · Cited by 30
“Systematic reviews of the literature have showed an association of excess intake of sugars with weight gain in children and adults [8], with an epidemy of obesity, metabolic syndrome [9,10] and also insulin resistance [9].”
Sjöblad, S. (2019) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2019.02.027 · Cited by 31
Electronic device use and beverage related sugar and caffeine intake in US adolescents
Bradbury, K. M., Turel, O., & Morrison, K. M. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0223912 · Cited by 33
“A higher energy intake contributed to by added sugars found in SSB may drive weight gain [1, 2] and associated co-morbidities [59] while reducing sugar intake may help to improve weight status [60–62], diet quality [63, 64] and metabolic health[65] [66, 67].”
BackgroundFood advertisements on television and eating habits in adolescents: a school-based study
Delfino, L. D., Tebar, W. R., Silva, D. A. S., Gil, F. C. S., Mota, J. A. P. S., & Christófaro, D. G. D. (2020) · Revista de Saúde Pública · doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001558 · Cited by 30
Public acceptability of a sugar-sweetened beverage tax and its associated factors in the Netherlands
Eykelenboom, M., van Stralen, M. M., Olthof, M. R., Renders, C. M., & Steenhuis, I. H. (2020) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980020001500 · Cited by 29
Prada, M., Godinho, C. I. A., Garrido, M. V., Rodrigues, D. L., Coelho, I., & Lopes, D. (2020) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.105059 · Cited by 30
Nihtilä, A., West, N. X., Lussi, A., Bouchard, P., Ottolenghi, L., Senekola, E., Llodrá, J. C., Viennot, S., & Bourgeois, D. M. (2016) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare4020021 · Cited by 31
“A recent systematic review and meta-analysis [29] provided clear evidence that the use of sugar-sweetened beverages promotes weight gain both in children and adults.”
BackgroundSocio-economic disparities in the diet of French children and adolescents: a multidimensional issue
Drouillet-Pinard, P., Dubuisson, C., Bordes, I., Margaritis, I., Lioret, S., & Volatier, J. (2016) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980016002895 · Cited by 30
“In addition, a recent review showed that SSB consumption was positively associated with BMI in children, which could be explained by a high added-sugar content and low satiety effect of liquids((50)).”
BackgroundLeermakers, E. T. M., Felix, J. F., Erler, N. S., Ćerimagić, A., Wijtzes, A. I., Hofman, A., Raat, H., Moll, H. A., Rivadeneira, F., Jaddoe, V. W. V., et al. (2015) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.2 · Cited by 29
Tobiassen, P. A. ‐., & Køster‐Rasmussen, R. (2023) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13652 · Cited by 33
Davy, B. M., Jahren, A. H., Hedrick, V. E., You, W., & Zoellner, J. (2016) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980016001439 · Cited by 29
“In spite of a large body of evidence linking sugarsweetened beverage (SSB) intake with adverse health outcomes, including increased risk of type 2 diabetes((1,2)), weight gain((1,3)) and obesity((1,2)), significant controversy exists surrounding the health effects of added sugar (AS) and SSB((1,4,5)) due primarily to…”
BackgroundComparison of two sugar reduction strategies with children: Case study with grape nectars
Lima, M., Ares, G., & Deliza, R. (2018) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2018.07.002 · Cited by 29
Eck, K., Dinesen, A., Varela, E., Delaney, C., Famodu, O. A., Olfert, M. D., Byrd‐Bredbenner, C., & Shelnutt, K. P. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10091232 · Cited by 32
Own-price, cross-price, and expenditure elasticities on sugar-sweetened beverages in Guatemala
Chacón, V., Paraje, G. R., Barnoya, J., & Chaloupka, F. J. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205931 · Cited by 31
Mohammadi, S., Jalaludin, M. Y., Su, T. T., Dahlui, M., Mohamed, M. N. A., & Majid, H. A. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6557-z · Cited by 27
Romanos-Nanclares, A., Collins, L. C., Hu, F. B., Willett, W. C., ROSNER, B. A., Toledo, E., & Eliassen, A. H. (2021) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxab172 · Cited by 31
Self-citationA Salient Sugar Tax Decreases Sugary-Drink Buying
Donnelly, G. E., Guge, P. M., Howell, R. T., & John, L. K. (2021) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/09567976211017022 · Cited by 29
“Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been linked to serious health problems, including obesity (Malik et al., 2013), diabetes (Imamura et al.”
BackgroundAl‐Hanawi, M. K., Ahmed, M. U., Alshareef, N., Qattan, A. M. N., & Pulok, M. H. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.744116 · Cited by 29
Durão, C., Severo, M., Oliveira, A., Moreira, P. A. M., Guerra, A., Barros, H., & Lopes, C. M. M. (2014) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-014-0762-4 · Cited by 39
“In a recent meta-analysis [23], randomized controlled trials did not show such an association, while prospective cohort studies seem to support it.”
BackgroundZhang, J., Zhang, N., Liang, S., Wang, Y., Liu, S., Liu, S., Du, S., He, H., Xu, Y., Cai, H., et al. (2018) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-018-1814-y · Cited by 30
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Attitudes and Consumption During the First 1000 Days of Life
Baidal, J. W., Morel, K., Nichols, K., Elbel, E. E., Charles, N., Goldsmith, J., Chen, L., & Taveras, E. M. (2018) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2018.304691 · Cited by 29
Plaza‐Díaz, J., Manzano, M., Ruiz‐Ojeda, F. J., Girón, M. D., Salto, R., López-Pedrosa, J. M., Santos-Fandila, A., García-Córcoles, M. T., Rueda, R., & Gil, Á. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.992682 · Cited by 29
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Macronutrient Quality and Weight Change
Liu, B., Hu, Y., Rai, S. K., Wang, M., Hu, F. B., & Sun, Q. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.49552 · Cited by 30
Self-citationGoff, L. M., Timbers, L., Style, H., & Knight, A. (2014) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980014002584 · Cited by 28
“In the Caribbean diet we found that sugar-sweetened beverages were the fifth most important contributor to energy intake, which is alarming considering recent evidence from a meta-analysis demonstrating the detrimental impact that sugar-sweetened beverage consumption has on body weight((32)) and may in part explain th…”
ResultChildren’s Food and Beverage Promotion on Television to Parents
Emond, J. A., Smith, M. E., Mathur, S. J., Sargent, J. D., & Gilbert‐Diamond, D. (2015) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2015-2853 · Cited by 28
Casperson, S. L., Johnson, L. K., & Roemmich, J. N. (2017) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.01.028 · Cited by 28
“Both clinical and observational studies demonstrate associations of SSB consumption with increased energy intake and body weight (Bachman, Baranowski, & Nicklas, 2006; Bray & Popkin, 2014; Hu, 2013; Kaiser et al., 2013; Malik et al., 2013; Malik, Schulze, & Hu, 2006; Mattes, Shikany, Kaiser, & Allison, 2011; Pereira,…”
InfluentialSpringfield, S., Odoms‐Young, A. M., Tussing-Humphreys, L. M., Freels, S. A., & Stolley, M. R. (2019) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-019-00748-y · Cited by 31
“fiber intake decreases the risk of obesity, while intake of sugar-sweetened beverages increases risk [69, 70].”
Vitality as a Mediator Between Diet Quality and Subjective Wellbeing Among College Students
Jackson, C. E., & DiPlacido, J. (2019) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-019-00150-6 · Cited by 28
Rongen, F. C., van Kleef, E., Sanjaya, S., Vingerhoeds, M. H., Buurma-Rethans, E. J. M., van den Bogaard, C., van Rossum, C. T. M., Seidell, J. C., & Dijkstra, S. C. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7750-9 · Cited by 28
Disparities in Sugary Drink Advertising on New York City Streets
Dowling, E. A., Roberts, C. B., Mezzacca, T. A., Farley, S. M., & Dannefer, R. (2020) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.09.025 · Cited by 28
Geurtsen, M. L., Santos, S., Gaillard, R., Felix, J. F., & Jaddoe, V. W. V. (2020) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.31611 · Cited by 27
“Sugar-containing beverage consumption is the main source of added sugar intake in the total daily energy intake of children and adults the last decades.(6,8,38) In adults, sugar-containing beverage intake is strongly associated with the development of NAFLD.”
BackgroundAn Exploration of the Role of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage in Promoting Obesity and Health Disparities
Sigala, D. M., & Stanhope, K. L. (2021) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-020-00421-x · Cited by 28
Royo‐Bordonada, M. Á., Fernández‐Escobar, C., Gil-Bellosta, C. J., & Castillo, E. (2022) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-022-01262-8 · Cited by 28
“SSBs provide empty liquid calories, with negligible satiating power, altering the body’s regulatory capacity to maintain the necessary balance between energy intake and expenditure [12].”
BackgroundDiabetes and Kidney Disease in American Indians: Potential Role of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
Yracheta, J., Lanaspa, M. A., Le, M. T., Abdelmalak, M. F., Alfonso, J., Sánchez‐Lozada, L. G., & Johnson, R. J. (2015) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.03.018 · Cited by 33
“818 it is not surprising that intake of sugarsweetened beverages is closely associated with the development of obesity and diabetes in the general population.(103-107) Indeed,mostmedical societies recommend reducing the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages because of concerns that they are playing a role in the obesity…”
Consensus statement on benefits of low‐calorie sweeteners
Gibson, S. A., Drewnowski, A., Hill, J. O., Raben, A., Tuorila, H., & Widström, E. (2014) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1111/nbu.12116 · Cited by 28
“Several reviews of epidemiological and clinical studies have concluded that reducing or replacing SSB with lowor no-calorie alternatives has beneficial effects on bodyweight (Dennis et al. 2009; Malik et al. 2013; Ebbeling 2014), but evidence that using LCS results in weight loss has been limited (Shankar et al.”
BackgroundFluid intake in Spanish children and adolescents; a cross-sectional study.
Fenández-Alvira, J. M., Iglesia, I., Ferreira‐Pêgo, C., Babió, N., Salas‐Salvadó, J., & Moreno, L. A. (2014) · PubMed · doi:10.3305/nh.2014.29.5.7420 · Cited by 28
El-Kassas, G., & Ziade, F. (2017) · Journal of Environmental and Public Health · doi:10.1155/2017/2879075 · Cited by 29
“In contrast, the conclusions of a systematic review documented a positive association between greater intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages and obesity in children and adults [57].”
Resultde Beer, D., Pauck, C. E., Aucamp, M. E., Liebenberg, W., Stieger, N., van der Rijst, M., & Joubert, E. (2017) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.8787 · Cited by 28
Do prices and purchases respond similarly to soft drink tax increases and cuts?
Schmacker, R., & Smed, S. (2020) · Economics & Human Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2020.100864 · Cited by 32
Williams, L. H., Baker-Smith, C. M., Bolick, J. P., Carter, J., Kirkpatrick, C. F., Ley, S. L., Peterson, A. L. H., SHAH, A. S., Sikand, G., Ware, A. L., et al. (2022) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2022.07.011 · Cited by 27
Sievenpiper, J. L., Purkayastha, S., Grotz, V. L., Mora, M. R., Zhou, J., Hennings, K., Goody, C. M., & Germana, K. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17050793 · Cited by 27
Sugars and Health Controversies: What Does the Science Say?
Rippe, J. M., & Angelopoulos, T. J. (2015) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.114.007195 · Cited by 29
Léger, P. T., & Powell, L. M. (2021) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.4267 · Cited by 27
Leider, J., & Powell, L. M. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114537 · Cited by 27
Miller, C. L., Ettridge, K. A., Pettigrew, S., Wittert, G., Wakefield, M. A., Coveney, J., Roder, D. M., Martin, J. E., Brownbill, A., & Dono, J. (2021) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2021.105818 · Cited by 30
Rohde, J. F., Larsen, S. C., Ängquist, L. H., Olsen, N. J., Stougaard, M., Mortensen, E. L., & Heitmann, B. L. (2017) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980017002026 · Cited by 29
“Moreover, it has been shown that a high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) is associated with weight gain in children((25)).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Malik, V. S., Pan, A., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1084-1102
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3778861
- OpenAlex
- W2163234420
- Cited by
- 1,668
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 59 · 2025: 95 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 119 · 2022: 143 · 2021: 164 · 2020: 181 · 2019: 174 · 2018: 165 · 2017: 156 · 2016: 118 · 2015: 128 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 15.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL60712, R01HL060712)
- National Cancer Institute (U54CA155626)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK058845, P30DK046200, P30 DK-46200, DK58845, T32DK007703)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, body mass index, children, adults, overweight children, school-based education programs, randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Beverages, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Cohort Studies, Weight Gain, Bias, Body Mass Index, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Dietary Sucrose
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
