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Leucine supplementation enhances integrative myofibrillar protein synthesis in free-living older men consuming lower- and higher-protein diets: a parallel-group crossover study
Open accessAbstract
Background Leucine co-ingestion with lower-protein (LP)-containing meals may overcome the blunted muscle protein synthetic response to food intake in the elderly but may be effective only in individuals who consume LP diets.Objective We examined the impact of leucine co-ingestion with mixed macronutrient meals on integrated 3-d rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) in free-living older men who consumed higher protein (HP) (1.2 g · kg-1 · d-1) or LP (0.8 g · kg-1 · d-1) in rested and resistance exercise (REX) conditions.Design In a crossover design, 20 healthy older men [aged 65-85 y] were randomly assigned to receive LP or HP diets while ingesting a placebo (days 0-2) and Leu supplement (5 g leucine/meal; days 3-5) with their 3 main daily meals. A bout of unilateral REX was performed during the placebo and Leu treatments. Ingested 2 H 2 O and skeletal muscle biopsies were used to measure the 3-d integrated rate of MyoPS during the placebo and Leu treatments in the rested and REX legs.Results Leucinemia was higher with Leu treatment than with placebo treatment (P < 0.001). MyoPS was similar in LP and HP during both treatments (P = 0.39) but was higher with Leu treatment than with placebo treatment in the rested (pooled mean ± SD: Leu, 1.57% ± 0.11%/d; placebo, 1.48% ± 0.08%/d; main effect of treatment: P < 0.001) and REX (pooled mean: Leu, 1.87% ± 0.09%/d; placebo, 1.71 ± 0.10%/d; main effect of treatment: P < 0.001) legs.Conclusions Leu co-ingestion with daily meals enhances integrated MyoPS in free-living older men in rested and REX conditions and is equally effective in older men who consume daily protein intakes greater than or equal to the RDA. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02371278.
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“Supplementing the diet with protein sources rich in EAA and leucine is known to enhance rates of MPS (12,13), and may serve to offset losses in muscle mass and strength during periods of physical inactivity (14).”
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“Leucine supplementation enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis in older men consuming lower-and higher-protein diets with and without exercise [84].”
From Is There Enough Evidence for Osteosarcopenic Obesity as a Distinct Entity? A Critical Literature Review (2019) · cites this paper as [84]
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“Acute metabolic65 and free-living66 studies provide a rationale for amino acid/protein supplementation to support MPS in older adults.”
From Reduced physical activity in young and older adults: Metabolic and musculoskeletal implications (2019) · cites this paper as [66]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Murphy, C. H., Saddler, N. I., Devries, M. C., McGlory, C., Baker, S. K., & Phillips, S. M.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Phillips, Stuart M
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1594-1606
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2551962319
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 14
- FWCI
- 12.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 123296)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- leucine supplementation, myofibrillar protein synthesis, protein intake, older men, resistance training, skeletal muscle, protein synthesis rate, dietary protein, muscle protein synthesis, aging
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amino Acids, Blood Glucose, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Dietary Proteins, Humans, Insulin, Leucine, Male, Muscle Proteins, Myofibrils, Rest, Protein Biosynthesis, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Single-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome, Muscle, Skeletal, Cross-Over Studies, Diet, Protein-Restricted, Postprandial Period, Dietary Supplements, Resistance Training, Recommended Dietary Allowances
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