A novel anti-inflammatory role for simvastatin in inflammatory arthritis.

Atherosclerosis--an inflammatory disease

Ross, R. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199901143400207 · Cited by 21,725 · see citing works

The american rheumatism association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis

Arnett, F. C., Edworthy, S. M., Bloch, D. A., McShane, D. J., Fries, J. F., Cooper, N. S., Healey, L. A., Kaplan, S. R., Liang, M. H., Luthra, H. S., et al. (1988) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780310302 · Cited by 19,753 · see citing works

Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)

OLSSON, A. G., McMurray, J. J. V., Thorgeirsson, G., Spaulding, C. M., Slattery, J., Pyörälà, K., Færgeman, O., Wright, R. S., Berg, K. M., Wilhelmsen, L., et al. (1994) · The Lancet · Cited by 8,467 · see citing works

Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease with Pravastatin in Men with Hypercholesterolemia

Shepherd, J., Cobbe, S. M., Ford, I., Isles, C. G., Lorimer, A. R., Macfarlane, P. W., McKillop, J. H., & Packard, C. J. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199511163332001 · Cited by 7,449 · see citing works

Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)

Pedersen, T. R. (2004) · Atherosclerosis Supplements · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2004.08.027 · Cited by 3,098 · see citing works

ROLE OF CYTOKINES IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Feldmann, M., Brennan, F. M., & Maini, R. N. (1996) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.14.1.397 · Cited by 2,486 · see citing works

Stimulation of Bone Formation in Vitro and in Rodents by Statins

Mundy, G. R., Garrett, R., Harris, S., Chan, J., Chen, D., Rossini, G., Boyce, B. F., Zhao, M., & Gutierrez, G. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5446.1946 · Cited by 1,776 · see citing works

Statins and the risk of dementia

Jick, H., Zornberg, G. L., Jick, S. S., Seshadri, S. S., & Drachman, D. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03155-x · Cited by 1,763 · see citing works

Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase as predictors of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus before clinical onset of disease.

Tuomilehto, J., Vidgrén, G., Toivanen, L., Tuomilehto-Wolf, E., Kohtamäki, K., Stengård, J., Zimmet, P., Mackay, I., Rowley, M., & Koskela, P. (1994) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92521-6 · Cited by 1,658 · see citing works

West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study: identification of high-risk groups and comparison with other cardiovascular intervention trials

(1996) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)04292-4 · Cited by 1,564 · see citing works

Statins as a newly recognized type of immunomodulator.

Kwak, B., Mulhaupt, F., Myit, S., & Mach, F. (2000) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/82219 · Cited by 1,383 · see citing works

Effect of pravastatin on outcomes after cardiac transplantation

Kobashigawa, J. A., Katznelson, S., Laks, H., Johnson, J. A., Yeatman, L., Wang, X. M., Chia, D., Terasaki, P. I., Sabad, A., Cogert, G. A., et al. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199509073331003 · Cited by 1,301 · see citing works

Anti-TNFα Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis: What Have We Learned?

Feldmann, M., & Maini, R. N. (2001) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.19.1.163 · Cited by 1,252 · see citing works

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) increase endothelial progenitor cells via the PI 3-kinase/Akt pathway

Dimmeler, S., Aicher, A., Vasa‐Nicotera, M., Mildner-Rihm, C., Adler, K., Tiemann, M., Rütten, H., Fichtlscherer, S., Martin, H., & Zeiher, A. M. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci13152 · Cited by 1,206 · see citing works

Statins selectively inhibit leukocyte function antigen-1 by binding to a novel regulatory integrin site

Weitz‐Schmidt, G., Welzenbach, K., Brinkmann, V., Kamata, T., Kallen, J. A., Bruns, C., Cottens, S., Takada, Y., & Hommel, U. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/89058 · Cited by 1,041 · see citing works

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) increase endothelial progenitor cells via the PI 3-kinase/Akt pathway

Dimmeler, S., Aicher, A., Vasa‐Nicotera, M., et al. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200113152 · Cited by 1,025 · see citing works

Pravastatin and the Development of Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence for a Protective Treatment Effect in the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study

Freeman, D. J., Norrie, J., Sattar, N., Neely, R. D. G., Cobbe, S. M., Ford, I., Isles, C., Lorimer, A. R., Macfarlane, P. W., McKillop, J. H., et al. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.3.357 · Cited by 844 · see citing works

Interleukin-15 mediates T cell-dependent regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α production in rheumatoid arthritis

McInnes, I. B., Leung, B. P. L., Sturrock, R. D., Field, M., & Liew, F. Y. (1997) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0297-189 · Cited by 513 · see citing works

Statin-induced inhibition of the Rho-signaling pathway activates PPARα and induces HDL apoA-I

Martin, G., Duez, H., Blanquart, C., Bérézowski, V., Poulain, P., Fruchart, J., Najib-Fruchart, J., Glineur, C., & Staels, B. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci10852 · Cited by 417 · see citing works

Hypercholesterolemia is associated with a T helper (Th) 1/Th2 switch of the autoimmune response in atherosclerotic apo E-knockout mice.

Zhou, X., Paulsson, G. B., Stemme, S., & Hansson, G. K. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci1216 · Cited by 414 · see citing works

Simvastatin Has Anti-Inflammatory and Antiatherosclerotic Activities Independent of Plasma Cholesterol Lowering

Sparrow, C. P., Burton, C. A., Hernandez, M., Mundt, S. S., Hassing, H., Patel, S., Rosa, R., Hermanowski‐Vosatka, A., Wang, P.-R., Zhang, D., et al. (2001) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.21.1.115 · Cited by 413 · see citing works

Role of interleukin‐4 and interleukin‐10 in murine collagen‐induced arthritis. Protective effect of interleukin‐4 and interleukin‐10 treatment on cartilage destruction

Joosten, L. A. B., Lubberts, E., Durez, P., Helsen, M. M. A., Jacobs, M. J. M., Goldman, M., & van den Berg, W. B. (1997) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780400209 · Cited by 391 · see citing works

Apolipoprotein A-I inhibits the production of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α by blocking contact-mediated activation of monocytes by T lymphocytes

Hyka, N., Dayer, J., Modoux, C., Kohno, T., Edwards, C. K., Roux‐Lombard, P., & Burger, D. (2001) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v97.8.2381 · Cited by 388 · see citing works

Inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production by pravastatin

Rosenson, R. S., Tangney, C., & Casey, L. C. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)05917-0 · Cited by 376 · see citing works

Magnetic resonance imaging-determined synovial membrane volume as a marker of disease activity and a predictor of progressive joint destruction in the wrists of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

́stergaard, M., Hansen, M. S., Stoltenberg, M., Gideon, P., Klarlund, M., Jensen, K. E., & Lorenzen, I. (1999) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(199905)42:5 · Cited by 323 · see citing works

Feedback Regulation of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase in Livers of Mice Treated with Mevinolin, a Competitive Inhibitor of the Reductase

Kita, T., Brown, M. S., & Goldstein, J. L. (1980) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci109938 · Cited by 306 · see citing works

Shift toward T lymphocytes with a T helper 1 cytokine‐secretion profile in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Dolhain, R. J. E. M., van der Heiden, A. N., ter Haar, N. T., Breedveld, F. C., & Miltenburg, A. M. M. (1996) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780391204 · Cited by 295 · see citing works

In Vivo Downregulation of T Helper Cell 1 Immune Responses Reduces Atherogenesis in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice

Laurat, E., Poirier, B., Tupin, E., Caligiuri, G., Hansson, G. K., Bariety, J., & Nicoletti, A. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.104.2.197 · Cited by 288 · see citing works

CD4+ T-cell subsets in autoimmunity

O’Garra, A. (1997) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(97)80192-6 · Cited by 246 · see citing works

T Cells Cloned from Human Rheumatoid Synovial Membrane Functionally Represent the Th 1 Subset

Miltenburg, A. M. M., van Laar, J. M., de Kuiper, R., Daha, M. R., & Breedveld, F. C. (1992) · Scandinavian Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03260.x · Cited by 177 · see citing works

Direct contact between T lymphocytes and monocytes is a major pathway for induction of metalloproteinase expression.

Lacraz, S. F., Isler, P., Vey, E., Welgus, H. G., & Dayer, J. (1994) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)31750-7 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

Detection of cytokine producing cells in the synovial membrane from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Ulfgren, A. ‐., Lindblad, S., Klareskog, L., Andersson, J., & Andersson, J. (1995) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.54.8.654 · Cited by 173 · see citing works

Combined Effects of IL-12 and IL-18 on the Induction of Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Leung, B. P. L., McInnes, I. B., Esfandiari, E., Wei, X., & Liew, F. Y. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.12.6495 · Cited by 148 · see citing works

Antiinflammatory and Antiarteriosclerotic Actions of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors in a Rat Model of Chronic Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthesis

Ni, W., Egashira, K., Kataoka, C., Kitamoto, S., Koyanagi, M., Inoue, S., & Takeshita, A. (2001) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/hh1701.096614 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Cell-cell interactions in synovitis. Interactions between T lymphocytes and synovial cells.

McInnes, I. B., Leung, B. P. L., & Liew, F. Y. (2000) · Arthritis Research · doi:10.1186/ar115 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

New Evidence for Beneficial Effects of Statins Unrelated to Lipid Lowering

Palinski, W. (2001) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.21.1.3 · Cited by 109 · see citing works

Cell-cell interactions in synovitis: Interactions between T cells and B cells in rheumatoid arthritis

Weyand, C. M., Goronzy, J. J., Takemura, S., & Kurtin, P. J. (2000) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/ar128 · Cited by 87 · see citing works

[Mechanisms of action of statins and their pleiotropic effects].

Davignon, J., & Mabile, L. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 47 · see citing works

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

McInnes, I. B. (2001) · Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-857x(05)70207-6 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Cytokines in Atherosclerosis: Pathogenic and Regulatory Pathways

Tedgui, A., & Mallat, Z. (2006) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00024.2005 · Cited by 1,701 · see citing works

Apoptotic cell clearance: basic biology and therapeutic potential

Poon, I. K. H., Lucas, C. D., Rossi, A. G., & Ravichandran, K. S. (2014) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3607 · Cited by 1,223 · see citing works

Explaining How “High-Grade” Systemic Inflammation Accelerates Vascular Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Sattar, N. A., McCarey, D. W., Capell, H. A., & McInnes, I. B. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000099844.31524.05 · Cited by 932 · see citing works

Trial of Atorvastatin in Rheumatoid Arthritis (TARA): double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

McCarey, D. W., McInnes, I. B., Madhok, R., Hampson, R., Scherbakova, O., Ford, I., Capell, H. A., & Sattar, N. A. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16449-0 · Cited by 818 · see citing works

Statin therapy and autoimmune disease: from protein prenylation to immunomodulation

Greenwood, J., Steinman, L., & Zamvil, S. S. (2006) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1839 · Cited by 685 · see citing works

Therapeutic Strategies for Rheumatoid Arthritis

O’Dell, J. R. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra040226 · Cited by 578 · see citing works

Signaling by IL‐12 and IL‐23 and the immunoregulatory roles of STAT4

Watford, W. T., Hissong, B. D., Bream, J. H., Kanno, Y., Muul, L. M., & O’Shea, J. J. (2004) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.00211.x · Cited by 570 · see citing works

Iron behaving badly: inappropriate iron chelation as a major contributor to the aetiology of vascular and other progressive inflammatory and degenerative diseases

Kell, D. B. (2009) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/1755-8794-2-2 · Cited by 554 · see citing works

Regulation of MHC class II gene expression by the class II transactivator

Reith, W., LeibundGut‐Landmann, S., & Waldburger, J. (2005) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1708 · Cited by 463 · see citing works

Pharmacological Actions of Statins: A Critical Appraisal in the Management of Cancer

Gazzerro, P., Proto, M., Gangemi, G., Malfitano, A. M., Ciaglia, E., Pisanti, S., Santoro, A., Laezza, C., & Bifulco, M. (2011) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.111.004994 · Cited by 458 · see citing works

Statins as Anti-Inflammatory Agents in Atherogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms and Lessons from the Recent Clinical Trials

Antonopoulos, A. S., Margaritis, M., Lee, R., Channon, K. M., & Antoniades, C. A. (2012) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/138161212799504803 · Cited by 432 · see citing works

Anti-inflammatory Action of Statins in Cardiovascular Disease: the Role of Inflammasome and Toll-Like Receptor Pathways

Koushki, K., Shahbaz, S. K., Mashayekhi, K., Sadeghi, M., Zayeri, Z. D., Taba, M. Y., Banach, M., Al-Rasadi, K., Johnston, T. P., & Sahebkar, A. (2021) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-020-08791-9 · Cited by 382 · see citing works

Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Disease Associated with Accelerated Atherogenesis

González-Gay, M. Á., González‐Juanatey, C., & Martin, J. J. (2005) · Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism · doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2005.03.004 · Cited by 329 · see citing works

A novel anti-inflammatory role of simvastatin in a murine model of allergic asthma.

McKay, A., Leung, B. P., McInnes, I. B., Thomson, N. C., & Liew, F. Y. (2004) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.5.2903 · Cited by 309 · see citing works

A new modality for immunosuppression: targeting the JAK/STAT pathway

O’Shea, J. J., Pesu, M., Borie, D. C., & Changelian, P. S. (2004) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd1441 · Cited by 305 · see citing works

Adaptive immunity and atherosclerosis

Andersson, J., Libby, P., & Hansson, G. K. (2009) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2009.07.002 · Cited by 292 · see citing works

Outcomes in 45 Patients With Statin-Associated Myopathy

Hansen, K. E., Hildebrand, J. P., Ferguson, E. E., & Stein, J. H. (2005) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.165.22.2671 · Cited by 280 · see citing works

Mini‐review: Specificity and expression of CIITA, the master regulator of MHC class II genes

LeibundGut‐Landmann, S., Waldburger, J., Krawczyk, M., Otten, L., Suter, T. B., Fontana, A., Acha‐Orbea, H., & Reith, W. (2004) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200424964 · Cited by 277 · see citing works

Simvastatin attenuates vascular leak and inflammation in murine inflammatory lung injury

Jacobson, J. R., Barnard, J. W., Grigoryev, D. N., Ma, S., Tuder, R. M., & Garcia, J. G. N. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00354.2004 · Cited by 270 · see citing works

Simvastatin Inhibits Cigarette Smoking–induced Emphysema and Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat Lungs

Lee, J., Lee, D.-S., Kim, E., Choe, K., Oh, Y.-M., Shim, T. S., Kim, S.-E., Lee, Y., & Lee, S. (2005) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200501-041oc · Cited by 256 · see citing works

Immune modulatory effects of statins

Zeiser, R. (2018) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12902 · Cited by 248 · see citing works

The bisphosphonate acute phase response: rapid and copious production of proinflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood gd T cells in response to aminobisphosphonates is inhibited by statins

Hewitt, R. E., Lissina, A., Green, A. E., Slay, E. S., Price, D. A., & Sewell, A. K. (2004) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02665.x · Cited by 241 · see citing works

Anti-Angiogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Statins: Relevance to Anti-Cancer Therapy

Dulak, J., & Józkowicz, A. (2005) · Current Cancer Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/156800905774932824 · Cited by 235 · see citing works

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Predicts the Development of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

González‐Juanatey, C., Llorca, J., Martin, J. J., & González-Gay, M. Á. (2008) · Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism · doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2008.01.012 · Cited by 232 · see citing works

Lovastatin Enhances Clearance of Apoptotic Cells (Efferocytosis) with Implications for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Morimoto, K., Janssen, W. J., Fessler, M. B., McPhillips, K. A., Borges, V. M., Bowler, R. P., Xiao, Y., Kench, J. A., Henson, P. M., & Vandivier, R. W. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.12.7657 · Cited by 215 · see citing works

Biotechnological production and applications of statins

Barrios-González, J., & Miranda, R. (2009) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-009-2239-6 · Cited by 194 · see citing works

Isoprenoids determine Th1/Th2 fate in pathogenic T cells, providing a mechanism of modulation of autoimmunity by atorvastatin

Dunn, S. E., Youssef, S., Goldstein, M. J., Prod’homme, T., Weber, M. S., Zamvil, S. S., & Steinman, L. (2006) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20051129 · Cited by 213 · see citing works

Lipid metabolism and osteoarthritis: Lessons from atherosclerosis

Gkretsi, V., Simopoulou, T., & Tsezou, A. (2010) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2010.11.001 · Cited by 186 · see citing works

Systemic inflammation as a risk factor for atherothrombosis

van Leuven, S. I., Franssen, R., Kastelein, J. J. P., Levi, M. M., Stroes, E. S. G., & Tak, P. P. (2007) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kem202 · Cited by 179 · see citing works

Potential therapeutic role for statins in respiratory disease

Hothersall, E. J. (2006) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.2005.057976 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

Inhibition of Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Reduces Th1 Development and Promotes Th2 Development

Hakamada‐Taguchi, R., Uehara, Y., Kuribayashi, K., Numabe, A., Saito, K., Negoro, H., Fujita, T., Toyo‐oka, T., & Kato, T. (2003) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.0000101298.76864.14 · Cited by 173 · see citing works

The Impact of Inflammation on Metabolomic Profiles in Patients With Arthritis

Young, S. P., Kapoor, S., Viant, M. R., Byrne, J. J., Filer, A. D., Buckley, C. D., Kitas, G. D., & Raza, K. (2013) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.38021 · Cited by 172 · see citing works

Lipid Profiles in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Mechanisms and the Impact of Treatment

Steiner, G. A., & Urowitz, M. B. (2008) · Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism · doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2008.01.015 · Cited by 167 · see citing works

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of atorvastatin in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis

Barsante, M. M., Roffê, E., Yokoro, C. M., Tafuri, W. L., Souza, D. G., Pinho, V., Castro, M. S. D. A., & Teixeira, M. M. (2005) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.05.005 · Cited by 166 · see citing works

Acute Antiinflammatory Properties of Statins Involve Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-α via Inhibition of the Protein Kinase C Signaling Pathway

Paumelle, R., Blanquart, C., Briand, O., Barbier, O., Duhem, C., Woerly, G., Percevault, F., Fruchart, J., Dombrowicz, D., Glineur, C., et al. (2006) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.0000202706.70992.95 · Cited by 165 · see citing works

Simvastatin Reduces Steroidogenesis by Inhibiting Cyp17a1 Gene Expression in Rat Ovarian Theca-Interstitial Cells1

Ortega, I., Cress, A. B., Wong, D. H., Villanueva, J. A., Sokalska, A., Moeller, B. C., Stanley, S. D., & Dulęba, A. J. (2011) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod.111.094714 · Cited by 159 · see citing works

Potential Targets of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitor for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy

Nath, N., Giri, S., Prasad, R. C., Singh, A. K., & Singh, I. (2004) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.2.1273 · Cited by 158 · see citing works

Pathophysiology and pharmacologic control of osseous mandibular condylar resorption.

Gunson, M., Arnett, G., & Milam, S. (2012) · Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery · doi:10.1016/j.joms.2011.07.018 · Cited by 143 · see citing works

Statin and aspirin therapy are associated with decreased rates of choroidal neovascularization among patients with age-related macular degeneration

WILSON, H., Schwartz, D. M., Bhatt, H. R. F., McCulloch, C. E., & Duncan, J. L. (2004) · American Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(03)01286-8 · Cited by 153 · see citing works

Statins as antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory agents: A future in rheumatologic therapy?

Abeles, A. M., & Pillinger, M. H. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21521 · Cited by 149 · see citing works

Clinical implications for statin pleiotropy

Liao, J. K. (2005) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000191913.16321.60 · Cited by 139 · see citing works

Effects of statins beyond lipid lowering: Potential for clinical benefits

Almuti, K., Rimawi, R., Spevack, D. M., & Ostfeld, R. J. (2005) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.05.056 · Cited by 138 · see citing works

Atorvastatin Restores Lck Expression and Lipid Raft-Associated Signaling in T Cells from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Jury, E. C., Isenberg, D. A., Mauri, C., & Ehrenstein, M. R. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.10.7416 · Cited by 138 · see citing works

Atorvastatin reduces arterial stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Doornum, S. V., McColl, G., & Wicks, I. P. (2004) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2003.018333 · Cited by 137 · see citing works

Effect of Statins on Serum level of hs-CRP and CRP in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Kandelouei, T., Abbasifard, M., Imani, D., Aslani, S., Razi, B., Fasihi, M., Shafiekhani, S., Mohammadi, K., Jamialahmadi, T., Reiner, Ž., et al. (2022) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2022/8732360 · Cited by 136 · see citing works

The cholesterol biosynthesis pathway regulates IL-10 expression in human Th1 cells

Perucha, E., Melchiotti, R., Bibby, J. A., Wu, W. H., Frederiksen, K. S., Roberts, C. A., Hall, Z., Friec, G. L., Robertson, K. A., Lavender, P., et al. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08332-9 · Cited by 132 · see citing works

Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) reduce CD40 expression in human vascular cells

Mulhaupt, F. (2003) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(03)00515-7 · Cited by 133 · see citing works

Mevalonate Pathway Blockade, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Autophagy: A Possible Link

Tricarico, P. M., Crovella, S., & Celsi, F. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms160716067 · Cited by 131 · see citing works

Inflammation and atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis

Stevens, R. J., Douglas, K., Saratzis, A. N., & Kitas, G. D. (2005) · Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1462399405009154 · Cited by 131 · see citing works

Vascular comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis: potential mechanisms and solutions

Sattar, N. A., & McInnes, I. B. (2005) · Current Opinion in Rheumatology · doi:10.1097/01.bor.0000158150.57154.f9 · Cited by 126 · see citing works

Atorvastatin therapy improves endothelial-dependent vasodilation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: an 8 weeks controlled trial

Ferreira, G. A., Navarro, T. P., Telles, R. W., Andrade, L. E. C., & Sato, E. I. (2007) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kem186 · Cited by 121 · see citing works

Therapy with statins in patients with refractory rheumatic diseases: a preliminary study

Abud‐Mendoza, C., de la Fuente, H., Cuevas-Orta, E., Baranda, L., Cruz-Rizo, J., & González‐Amaro, R. (2003) · Lupus · doi:10.1191/0961203303lu429oa · Cited by 121 · see citing works

Regulatory role of heme oxygenase 1 in inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis

Kobayashi, H., Takeno, M., Saito, T., Takeda, Y., Kirino, Y., Noyori, K., Hayashi, T., Ueda, A., & Ishigatsubo, Y. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21754 · Cited by 119 · see citing works

Inhibition of 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase suppresses fibroblast‐like synoviocytes‐mediated synovial inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

Zou, Y., Zeng, S., Huang, M., Qiu, Q., Xiao, Y., Shi, M., Zhan, Z., Liang, L., Yang, X., & Xu, H. (2017) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.13762 · Cited by 119 · see citing works

Statins and their role in vascular protection

Mason, J. C. (2003) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20030148 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

Atorvastatin Inhibits Autoreactive B Cell Activation and Delays Lupus Development in New Zealand Black/White F1 Mice

Lawman, S. H. A., Mauri, C., Jury, E. C., Cook, H. T., & Ehrenstein, M. R. (2004) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.173.12.7641 · Cited by 118 · see citing works

Co-morbidity in rheumatoid arthritis

Mikuls, T. R. (2003) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1016/s1521-6942(03)00041-x · Cited by 122 · see citing works

Identifying the anti-inflammatory response to lipid lowering therapy: a position paper from the working group on atherosclerosis and vascular biology of the European Society of Cardiology

Tuñón, J., Badimón, L., Bochaton‐Piallat, M., Cariou, B., Daemen, M. J. A. P., Egido, J., Evans, P. C., Hoefer, I. E., Ketelhuth, D. F. J., Lutgens, E., et al. (2018) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvy293 · Cited by 116 · see citing works

Depletion of Cellular Cholesterol and Lipid Rafts Increases Shedding of CD30

von Tresckow, B., Kallen, K., von Strandmann, E. P., Borchmann, P., Lange, H., Engert, A., & Hansen, H. P. (2004) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.7.4324 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

Statin adjunctive therapy shortens the duration of TB treatment in mice

Dutta, N. K., Bruiners, N., Pinn, M. L., Zimmerman, M. D., Prideaux, B., Dartois, V. A., Gennaro, M. L., & Karakousis, P. C. (2016) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkw014 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Antiinflammatory effect of Rho kinase blockade via inhibition of NF‐κB activation in rheumatoid arthritis

He, Y., Xu, H., Liang, L., Zhan, Z., Yang, X., Yu, X., Ye, Y., & Sun, L. (2008) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.23986 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Selenoproteins, Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs, and the Consequences Revisiting of the Mevalonate Pathway

Moosmann, B., & Behl, C. (2004) · Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2004.08.003 · Cited by 110 · see citing works

Simvastatin Prevents and Reverses Depigmentation in a Mouse Model of Vitiligo

Agarwal, P., Rashighi, M., Essien, K. I., Richmond, J. M., Randall, L. M., Pazoki–Toroudi, H., Hunter, C. A., & Harris, J. E. (2014) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2014.529 · Cited by 110 · see citing works

Statin Use and Incident Nuclear Cataract

Klein, R., Klein, R., Lee, K. E., & Grady, L. M. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.23.2752 · Cited by 110 · see citing works

Systemic lupus erythematosus and cardiovascular disease: prediction and potential for therapeutic intervention

McMahon, M. A., Hahn, B. H., & Skaggs, B. J. (2011) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1586/eci.10.98 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

Statin prevents chondrocyte aging and degeneration of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA)

Yudoh, K., & Karasawa, R. (2010) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.100213 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

The anti-inflammatory effects of statins on patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systemic review and meta-analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials

Li, G.-M., Zhao, J., Li, B., Zhang, X., Ma, J., Ma, X., & Liu, J. L. (2018) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2017.10.013 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 is protective in atherosclerosis and its metabolites provide new opportunities for drug development

Cole, J. E., Astola, N., Cribbs, A. P., Goddard, M. E., Park, I., Green, P. A., Davies, A. H., Williams, R. O., Feldmann, M., & Monaco, C. G. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1517820112 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Lovastatin decreases acute mucosal inflammation via 15-epi-lipoxin A4

Planagumà, A., Pfeffer, M. A., Rubin, G., Croze, R. H., Uddin, M., Serhan, C. N., & Levy, B. D. (2010) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/mi.2009.141 · Cited by 101 · see citing works

Preemptive HMG-CoA reductase inhibition provides graft-versus-host disease protection by Th-2 polarization while sparing graft-versus-leukemia activity

Zeiser, R., Youssef, S., Baker, J. B., Kambham, N., Steinman, L., & Negrin, R. S. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2007-08-106005 · Cited by 100 · see citing works

The Rationale for Comparative Studies of Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Rheumatic Diseases

Gasparyan, A. Y., Stavropoulos‐Kalinoglou, A., Mikhailidis, D. P., Toms, T. E., Douglas, K., & Kitas, G. D. (2010) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/157016110791330852 · Cited by 99 · see citing works

Effects of atorvastatin added to inhaled corticosteroids on lung function and sputum cell counts in atopic asthma

Hothersall, E. J., Chaudhuri, R., McSharry, C. P., Donnelly, I., Lafferty, J., McMahon, A. D., Weir, C. J., Meiklejohn, J., Sattar, N. A., McInnes, I. B., et al. (2008) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.2008.100198 · Cited by 98 · see citing works

Treatment with DF 2162, a non‐competitive allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1/2, diminishes neutrophil influx and inflammatory hypernociception in mice

Cunha, T. M., Barsante, M. M., Guerrero, A. T. G., Verri, W. A., Jr., Ferreira, S. H., Coelho, F. M., Bertini, R., Giacinto, C. D., Allegretti, M., Cunha, F. Q., et al. (2008) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.94 · Cited by 97 · see citing works

Apoptosis of rheumatoid synovial cells by statins through the blocking of protein geranylgeranylation: A potential therapeutic approach to rheumatoid arthritis

Nagashima, T., Okazaki, H., Yudoh, K., Matsuno, H., & Minota, S. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21564 · Cited by 93 · see citing works

Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain bromodomain inhibition prevents synovial inflammation via blocking IκB kinase–dependent NF-κB activation in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes

Xiao, Y., Liang, L., Huang, M., Qiu, Q., Zeng, S., Shi, M., Zou, Y., Ye, Y., Yang, X., & Xu, H. (2015) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kev312 · Cited by 92 · see citing works

Muscular effects of statins in the elderly female: a review

Schneider, E. B., Bhardwaj, & Selvarajah, S. (2013) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s29686 · Cited by 89 · see citing works

Reversal of elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema and promotion of alveolar epithelial cell proliferation by simvastatin in mice

Takahashi, S., Nakamura, H., Seki, M., Shiraishi, Y., Yamamoto, M., Furuuchi, M., Nakajima, T., Tsujimura, S., Shirahata, T., Nakamura, M., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00238.2007 · Cited by 89 · see citing works

Statin-Induced Proinflammatory Response in Mitogen-Activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells through the Activation of Caspase-1 and IL-18 Secretion in Monocytes

Coward, W. R., Marei, A. M., Yang, A., Vasa‐Nicotera, M., & Chow, S. C. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.9.5284 · Cited by 88 · see citing works

Mevastatin reduces cartilage degradation in rabbit experimental osteoarthritis through inhibition of synovial inflammation

Akasaki, Y., Matsuda, S., Nakayama, K., Fukagawa, S., Miura, H., & Iwamoto, Y. (2008) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.012 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

Assessment of the efficacy of different statins in murine collagen‐induced arthritis

Palmer, G., Chobaz, V., Talabot‐Ayer, D., Taylor, S., So, A. K.-L., Gabay, C., & Busso, N. (2004) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20673 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

An integrative biology approach for analysis of drug action in models of human vascular inflammation

Kunkel, E., Dea, M., Ebens, A., Hytopoulos, E., Melrose, J. E., Nguyen, D., Ota, K. S., Plavec, I., Wang, Y.-E., Watson, S. R., et al. (2004) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.04-1538fje · Cited by 76 · see citing works

Simvastatin Attenuates Stroke-induced Splenic Atrophy and Lung Susceptibility to Spontaneous Bacterial Infection in Mice

Jin, R., Zhu, X., Liu, L., Nanda, A., Granger, D. N., & Li, G. (2013) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.000633 · Cited by 74 · see citing works

Effect of Local Simvastatin Application on Mandibular Defects

Özeç, İ., Kılıç, E., Gümüş, C., & Göze, F. (2007) · Journal of Craniofacial Surgery · doi:10.1097/scs.0b013e318052ff05 · Cited by 75 · see citing works

Atorvastatin inhibits inflammatory hypernociception

Santodomingo-Garzón, T., Cunha, T. M., Verri, W. A., Jr., Valério, D. A. R., Parada, C. A., Poole, S., Ferreira, S. H., & Cunha, F. Q. (2006) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706836 · Cited by 74 · see citing works

Hyperlipidaemia, statin use and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis

Jick, S. S., Choi, H. K., Li, L., McInnes, I. B., & Sattar, N. A. (2008) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2008.091967 · Cited by 74 · see citing works

Fluvastatin reverses endothelial dysfunction and increased vascular oxidative stress in rat adjuvant‐induced arthritis

Haruna, Y., Morita, Y., Yada, T., Satoh, M., Fox, D. A., & Kashihara, N. (2007) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.22632 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Inflammatory markers, cholesterol and statins: pathophysiological role and clinical importance

Biasucci, L. M., Biasillo, G., & Stefanelli, A. (2010) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm.2010.277 · Cited by 72 · see citing works

Statins and autoimmunity

Khattri, S., & Zandman‐Goddard, G. (2013) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-013-8409-8 · Cited by 72 · see citing works

Metabolic stress–induced inflammation plays a major role in the development of osteoarthritis in mice

Gierman, L. M., van der Ham, F., Koudijs, A., Wielinga, P. Y., Kleemann, R., Kooistra, T., Stoop, R., Kloppenburg, M., van Osch, G. J. V. M., Stojanovic-Susulic, V., et al. (2011) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.33443 · Cited by 72 · see citing works

Serum lipid levels in Sjogren's syndrome

Lodde, B. M., Sankar, V., Kok, M. R., Leakan, R. A., Tak, P. P., & Pillemer, S. R. (2005) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kei190 · Cited by 72 · see citing works

Rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease: the role of systemic inflammation and evolving strategies of prevention

Snow, M. H., & Mikuls, T. R. (2005) · Current Opinion in Internal Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.bor.0000159924.97019.25 · Cited by 72 · see citing works

Disease modification and cardiovascular risk reduction: two sides of the same coin?

Hall, F. C., & Dalbeth, N. (2005) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kei012 · Cited by 71 · see citing works

Novel Insights in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Atherosclerosis

Teixeira, V. S., & Tam, L. (2018) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2017.00262 · Cited by 71 · see citing works

Atorvastatin Inhibits T Cell Activation through 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase without Decreasing Cholesterol Synthesis

Blank, N., Schiller, M. R., Krienke, S., Busse, F., Schätz, B., Ho, A. D., Kalden, J. R., & Lorenz, H. (2007) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.3613 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Immunomodulation by statins: mechanisms and potential impact on autoimmune diseases

Chow, S. C. (2009) · Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis · doi:10.1007/s00005-009-0038-5 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Simvastatin reduces MMP-3 level in interleukin 1β stimulated human chondrocyte culture

Lazzerini, P. E., Capecchi, P. L., Nerucci, F., Fioravanti, A., Chellini, F., Piccini, M., Bisogno, S., Marcolongo, R., & Pasini, F. L. (2004) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2003.009746 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

High Dosage of Simvastatin Reduces TNF-α-Induced Apoptosis of Endothelial Progenitor Cells but Fails to Prevent Apoptosis Induced by IL-1β In Vitro

Henrich, D. M., Seebach, C., Wilhelm, K., & Marzi, İ. (2007) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2006.04.011 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha in uraemic serum promotes osteoblastic transition and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells via extracellular signal-regulated kinases and activator protein 1/c-FOS-mediated induction of interleukin 6 expression

Zickler, D., Luecht, C., Willy, K., Chen, L., Witowski, J., Girndt, M., Fiedler, R., Storr, M., Kamhieh‐Milz, J., Schoon, J., et al. (2017) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfx316 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Suppression of Autoimmune Retinal Disease by Lovastatin Does Not Require Th2 Cytokine Induction

Gegg, M. E., Harry, R. A., Hankey, D. J. R., Zambarakji, H., Pryce, G., Baker, D., Adamson, P., Calder, V. L., & Greenwood, J. (2005) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.174.4.2327 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors on ageing: Molecular mechanisms

Bahrami, A., Bo, S., Jamialahmadi, T., & Sahebkar, A. (2020) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101024 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

Assessment of the efficacy of different statins in murine collagen‐induced arthritis

Palmer, G., Chobaz, V., Talabot‐Ayer, D., Taylor, S., So, A. K.-L., Gabay, C., & Busso, N. (2004) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20673 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

Suppression of in vitro and in vivo parameters of inflammatory synovitis by simvastatin

Gracie, J. A., McCarey, D. W., Leung, B., Prach, M., Crilly, A., Robertson, S., Madhok, R., Young, J., Liew, F. Y., Sattar, N. A., et al. (2002) · Arthritis Research · doi:10.1186/ar446

Simvastatin reduces leucocyte– and platelet–endothelial cell interaction in murine antigen-induced arthritis in vivo

Gottschalk, O., Trong, M. D., Metz, P., Wallmichrath, J., Piltz, S., Jauch, K.-W., Jansson, V., & Schmitt‐Sody, M. (2014) · Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology · doi:10.3109/03009742.2013.879606 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Immunosuppressive, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Effects of Simvastatin on Pristane Induced Arthritis

Elkattawy, A. M., Zed, T. A., Megahed, R., & El‐Magd, M. A. (2022) · Pakistan Journal of Zoology · doi:10.17582/journal.pjz/20220214010205

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of atorvastatin in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis

Barsante, M. M., Roffê, E., Yokoro, C. M., Tafuri, W. L., Souza, D. G., Pinho, V., Castro, M. S. D. A., & Teixeira, M. M. (2005) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.05.005 · Cited by 166 · see citing works