Proteomic Analysis of Microglia-Derived Exosomes: Metabolic Role of the Aminopeptidase CD13 in Neuropeptide Catabolism

Exosomes: composition, biogenesis and function

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B lymphocytes secrete antigen-presenting vesicles.

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Proteomic Analysis of Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Secreted Subcellular Compartment Distinct from Apoptotic Vesicles

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Molecular Characterization of Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes

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Proteomic and Biochemical Analyses of Human B Cell-derived Exosomes

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Normal adult ramified microglia separated from other central nervous system macrophages by flow cytometric sorting. Phenotypic differences defined and direct ex vivo antigen presentation to myelin basic protein-reactive CD4+ T cells compared

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Essential Role for Cathepsin S in MHC Class II–Associated Invariant Chain Processing and Peptide Loading

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Basic principles of immunological surveillance of the normal central nervous system

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Maintenance of the enteric stem cell niche by bacterial lipopolysaccharides? Evidence and perspectives

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Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in communication of preimplantation embryos in vitro

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Glia-derived extracellular vesicles in parkinson’s disease.

Marchetti, B., Leggio, L., L’Episcopo, F., Vivarelli, S., Tirolo, C., Paternò, G., Giachino, C., Caniglia, S., Serapide, M. F., & Iraci, N. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9061941 · Cited by 38

Plasma derived extracellular vesicle biomarkers of microglia activation in an experimental stroke model

Roseborough, A. D., Myers, S. J., Khazaee, R., Zhu, Y., Zhao, L., Iorio, E., Elahi, F. M., Pasternak, S., & Whitehead, S. N. (2023) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-023-02708-x · Cited by 39

Emerging Role of Genetic Alterations Affecting Exosome Biology in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Intranasal Delivery of Gene-Edited Microglial Exosomes Improves Neurological Outcomes after Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Regulating Neuroinflammation

Guo, M., Ge, X., Wang, C., Yin, Z., Jia, Z., Hu, T., Li, M., Wang, D., Han, Z., Wang, L., et al. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13040639 · Cited by 36

The science of exosomes: Understanding their formation, capture, and role in cellular communication

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Altered Biogenesis and MicroRNA Content of Hippocampal Exosomes Following Experimental Status Epilepticus

Batool, A., Hill, T. D. M., Nguyen, T. N., Langa, E., Diviney, M., Mooney, C., Brennan, G. P., Connolly, N. M. C., Sanz‐Rodriguez, A., Cavanagh, B., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01404 · Cited by 35

Increased serum levels of microvesicles in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation determinated by ELISA using a specific monoclonal antibody AD-1

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Exosomes: Fighting Cancer With Cancer

Alyamani, H., Obeid, M. A., Tate, R. J., & Ferro, V. A. (2018) · Therapeutic Delivery · doi:10.4155/tde-2018-0051 · Cited by 35

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase secreted from microglia via exosome during ischemic injury

Lu, Y., Chen, C., Huang, J., Tian, Y., Xie, X., Yang, P., Wu, M., Tang, C., & Zhang, W. (2019) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14811 · Cited by 35

The role of exosome lipids in central nervous system diseases

Wang, G., Wang, Y., Liu, N., & Liu, M. (2020) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2020-0013 · Cited by 34

Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Rats

Xia, B., Gao, J., Li, S., Huang, L., Ma, T., Zhao, L., Yang, Y., Huang, J., & Luo, Z. (2019) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00548 · Cited by 34

Exosome Circuitry During (De)(Re)Myelination of the Central Nervous System

Domingues, H. S., Falcão, A. M., Pinto, I. M., Salgado, A. J., & Teixeira, F. G. (2020) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00483 · Cited by 35

The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Glioma Microenvironment: Biogenesis and Clinical Relevance

Balakrishnan, A., Roy, S., Fleming, T., Leong, H. S., & Schuurmans, C. (2020) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers12071964 · Cited by 36

Plasma-derived candidate biomarkers for detection of gallbladder carcinoma

Priya, R., Jain, V., Akhtar, J., Chauhan, G., Sakhuja, P., Goyal, S., Agarwal, A., Javed, A., Jain, A., Polisetty, R. V., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02923-7 · Cited by 33

Oxidative stress and plasma aminopeptidase activity in Huntington’s disease

Durán, R., Barrero, F. J., Morales, B., Luna, J. D. D., Ramírez, M. R., & Vives, F. (2010) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-009-0364-0 · Cited by 33

Extracellular Vesicles Taken up by Astrocytes

Ogaki, A., Ikegaya, Y., & Koyama, R. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms221910553 · Cited by 33

Serum‐derived extracellular vesicles: Novel biomarkers reflecting the disease severity of COVID‐19 patients

Tertel, T., Tomić, S., Đokić, J., Radojević, D., Stevanović, D., Ilić, N., Giebel, B., & Kosanović, M. (2022) · Journal of Extracellular Vesicles · doi:10.1002/jev2.12257 · Cited by 34

Soluble ANPEP Released From Human Astrocytes as a Positive Regulator of Microglial Activation and Neuroinflammation: Brain Renin–Angiotensin System in Astrocyte–Microglia Crosstalk

Kim, J., Afridi, R., Cho, E., Yoon, J. H., Lim, Y., Lee, H., Ryu, H., & Suk, K. (2022) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100424 · Cited by 35

Reduced cerebral cortex thickness is related to overexpression of exosomal miR-146a-5p in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder

Deng, Y., Gong, P., Han, S., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, B., Lin, Y., Xu, K., Wen, G., & Liu, K. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291722003567 · Cited by 32

Rusty Microglia: Trainers of Innate Immunity in Alzheimer's Disease

Sfera, A., Gradini, R., Cummings, M., Diaz, E. L., Price, A. I., & Osorio, C. P. (2018) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.01062 · Cited by 32

Small RNA Deep Sequencing Identifies a Unique miRNA Signature Released in Serum Exosomes in a Mouse Model of Sjögren's Syndrome

Kakan, S. S., Janga, S. R., Cooperman, B., Craig, D. W., Edman, M. C., Okamoto, C. T., & Hamm‐Alvarez, S. F. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01475 · Cited by 31

Exosomes in Alpha-Synucleinopathies: Propagators of Pathology or Potential Candidates for Nanotherapeutics?

Mavroeidi, P., Vetsi, M., Dionysopoulou, D., & Xilouri, M. (2022) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom12070957 · Cited by 32

Purification and Analysis of Exosomes Released by Mature Cortical Neurons Following Synaptic Activation

Laulagnier, K., Javalet, C., Hemming, F. J., & Sadoul, R. (2016) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6728-5_9 · Cited by 29

Release of VAMP5‐positive extracellular vesicles by retinal Müller glia in vivo

Demais, V., Pohl, A., Wunderlich, K. A., Pfaller, A. M., Kaplan, L., Barthelemy, A., Dittrich, R., Puig, B., Giebel, B., Hauck, S. M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Extracellular Vesicles · doi:10.1002/jev2.12254 · Cited by 29

Identification of State-Specific Proteomic and Transcriptomic Signatures of Microglia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

Santiago, J. V., Natu, A., Ramelow, C. C., Rayaprolu, S., Xiao, H., Kumar, V., Kumar, P., Seyfried, N. T., & Rangaraju, S. (2023) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100678 · Cited by 30

Physiological and pathological insights into exosomes in the brain

Li, X., 合肥230001，中国, 中., Zhang, J., Li, D., Wu, W., Xie, Z., Liu, Q., 合肥230036，中国, 安., 合肥230026，中国, 中., 合肥230001，中国, 中., et al. (2020) · 动物学研究 · doi:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.043 · Cited by 28

Recent Advances in Extracellular Vesicles in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Emergent Perspectives

Afonso, G. J. M., Cavaleiro, C., Valero, J., Mota, S. I., & Ferreiro, E. B. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12131763 · Cited by 28

Extracellular Vesicles in Prostate Cancer: New Future Clinical Strategies?

Giusti, I., & Dolo, V. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/561571 · Cited by 27

Defining the roles for Vpr in HIV-1-associated neuropathogenesis

James, T., Nonnemacher, M. R., Wigdahl, B. L., & Krebs, F. C. (2016) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1007/s13365-016-0436-5 · Cited by 28

Exosomal microRNAs have great potential in the neurorestorative therapy for traumatic brain injury

Yang, Y., Yang, H., Yang, Y., & Ma, Y. (2022) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114026 · Cited by 27

Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke

Ollen‐Bittle, N., Roseborough, A. D., Wang, W., Wu, J.-L. D., & Whitehead, S. N. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11081231 · Cited by 27

Tsp-1+ microglia attenuate retinal neovascularization by maintaining the expression of Smad3 in endothelial cells through exosomes with decreased miR-27a-5p

Luo, Q., Jiang, Z., Jiang, J., Wan, L., Li, Y., Huang, Y., Qiu, J., Yu, K., & Zhuang, J. (2023) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.84236 · Cited by 28

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for Drug Delivery in Therapy of Stroke

Ahmed, W., Kuniyan, M. S., Jawed, A., & Chen, L. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15092173 · Cited by 27

Exosome release from infected dendritic cells: A clue for a fast spread of prions in the periphery?

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Clinical Application of Human Urinary Extracellular Vesicles in Kidney and Urologic Diseases

Palma, G. D., Sallustio, F., & Schena, F. P. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms17071043 · Cited by 26

Visualization of prion-like transfer in Huntington's disease models

Jansen, A. H. P., Batenburg, K. L., Pecho‐Vrieseling, E., & Reits, E. A. (2016) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.12.015 · Cited by 26

Extracellular Vesicles, Stem Cells and the Role of miRNAs in Neurodegeneration

MARATOVICH, B. A., Al-Yozbaki, M., George, A., Niyazova, R. Y., Sharipov, K. O., Byrne, L. J., & Wilson, C. M. (2021) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x19666210817150141 · Cited by 27

Localization, Shedding, Regulation and Function of Aminopeptidase N/CD13 on Fibroblast like Synoviocytes

Morgan, R. L., Behbahani‐Nejad, N., Endres, J., Amin, M. A., Lepore, N. J., Du, Y., Urquhart, A. G., Chung, K. C., & Fox, D. A. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162008 · Cited by 25

Microglia extracellular vesicles: focus on molecular composition and biological function

Ceccarelli, L., Giacomelli, C., Marchetti, L., & Martini, C. (2021) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20210202 · Cited by 25

Combined analysis of the glia secretome and the CSF proteome: neuroinflammation and novel biomarkers

Suk, K. (2010) · Expert Review of Proteomics · doi:10.1586/epr.10.6 · Cited by 26

Regulation of T Cell Activation and Differentiation by Extracellular Vesicles and Their Pathogenic Role in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Multiple Sclerosis

Ulivieri, C., & Baldari, C. T. (2017) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules22020225 · Cited by 25

Selective transfer of exosomes from oligodendrocytes to microglia by macropinocytosis

Schnaars, M. (2011) · doi:10.53846/goediss-919 · Cited by 25

Glia-derived exosomes: Promising therapeutic targets

Li, H., Luo, Y., Zhu, L., Hua, W., Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Zhang, L., Li, Z., Xing, P., Zhang, Y., et al. (2019) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116951 · Cited by 23

Exosomal Proteins and miRNAs as Mediators of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Chen, Q. Y., Wen, T., Wu, P., Jia, R., Zhang, R., & Dang, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.718803 · Cited by 23

Small Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Individuals with Down Syndrome Propagate Tau Pathology in the Wildtype Mouse Brain

Ledreux, A., Thomas, S., Hamlett, E. D., Trautman, C. W., Gilmore, A., Hager, E. R., Paredes, D., Margittai, M., Fortea, J., & Granholm, A. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10173931 · Cited by 23

Microglia‐derived extracellular vesicles in homeostasis and demyelination/remyelination processes

Mancini, V. S. B. W., Mattera, V. S., Pasquini, J. M., Pasquini, L. A., & Correale, J. D. (2023) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.16011 · Cited by 26

Extracellular Vesicles, Influential Players of Intercellular Communication within Adult Neurogenic Niches

Losurdo, M., & Grilli, M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21228819 · Cited by 24

Tau Secretion

Ruan, Z., & Ikezu, T. (2019) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9358-8_11 · Cited by 23

Selective Surface and Intraluminal Localization of Wnt Ligands on Small Extracellular Vesicles Released by HT-22 Hippocampal Neurons

Torres, V. I., Barrera, D. P., Varas‐Godoy, M., Arancibia, D., & Inestrosa, N. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.735888 · Cited by 21

Differential Stimulation of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Human Microglia Leads to Exosomal Proteomic Changes Affecting Neurons

Mallach, A., Gobom, J., Arber, C., Piers, T. M., Hardy, J., Wray, S., Zetterberg, H., & Pocock, J. M. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10112866 · Cited by 19

Heterogeneity of Neuroinflammatory Responses in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Challenge or an Opportunity?

Cipollina, G., Serej, A. D., Nolfi, G. D., Gazzano, A., Marsala, A., Spatafora, M. G., & Peviani, M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21217923 · Cited by 20

Rational design of extracellular vesicles for targeted drug delivery across physiological barriers

Baby, H. M., Zhang, H., Selvadoss, A., Pathrikar, T. V., & Bajpayee, A. G. (2025) · Nano Today · doi:10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102920 · Cited by 24

Infection-induced extracellular vesicles evoke neuronal transcriptional and epigenetic changes

Tedford, E., Badya, N. B., Laing, C., Asaoka, N., Kaneko, S., Filippi, B., & McConkey, G. A. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-34074-2 · Cited by 20

Turing Revisited: Decoding the microRNA Messages in Brain Extracellular Vesicles for Early Detection of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Gillet, V., Hunting, D. J., & Takser, L. (2016) · Current Environmental Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s40572-016-0093-0 · Cited by 20

Neuronal Exosomes Secreted under Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion Presenting Differentially Expressed miRNAs and Affecting Neuronal Survival and Neurite Outgrowth

Chiang, C.-S., Fu, S.-J., Hsu, C., Jeng, C., Tang, C., Huang, Y., & Tang, S. (2021) · NeuroMolecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12017-020-08641-z · Cited by 20

Stress-Related Roles of Exosomes and Exosomal miRNAs in Common Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Chamakioti, M., Chrousos, G. P., Kassi, E. N., Vlachakis, D., & Yapijakis, C. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25158256 · Cited by 19

Synaptic Activity and (Neuro)Inflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Could Exosomes be an Additional Link?

Counil, H., & Krantic, S. M. (2020) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-191237 · Cited by 20

Cocaine‐Specific Effects on Exosome Biogenesis in Microglial Cells

Kumar, S., Crenshaw, B. J., Williams, S. D., Bell, C. R., Matthews, Q. L., & Sims, B. (2021) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-021-03231-2 · Cited by 20

Immunometabolism of human autoimmune diseases: from metabolites to extracellular vesicles

de Candia, P., Rosa, V. D., Gigantino, V., Botti, G., Ceriello, A., & Matarese, G. (2017) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1002/1873-3468.12733 · Cited by 19

Neurovascular Unit-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: From Their Physiopathological Roles to Their Clinical Applications in Acute Brain Injuries

Reymond, S., Vujić, T., & Sanchez, J. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10092147 · Cited by 20

Identification of novel blood-based extracellular vesicles biomarker candidates with potential specificity for traumatic brain injury in polytrauma patients

Schindler, C. R., Hörauf, J. A., Weber, B., Schaible, I., Marzi, İ., Henrich, D. M., & Leppik, L. P. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347767 · Cited by 18

Proteolysis of prion protein by cathepsin S generates a soluble β-structured intermediate oligomeric form, with potential implications for neurotoxic mechanisms

Polyakova, O., Dear, D. V., Štern, I., Martin, S. R., Hirst, E. M. A., Bawumia, S., Nash, A., Dodson, G. G., Bronstein, I. B., & Bayley, P. M. (2008) · European Biophysics Journal · doi:10.1007/s00249-008-0371-3 · Cited by 18

Exosomes in the visual system: New avenues in ocular diseases

Manukonda, R., Attem, J., Yenuganti, V. R., Kaliki, S., & Vemuganti, G. K. (2022) · Tumor Biology · doi:10.3233/tub-211543 · Cited by 18

Extracellular microRNAs as messengers in the central and peripheral nervous system

Scott, H. (2017) · Neuronal Signaling · doi:10.1042/ns20170112 · Cited by 19

The Link Among Neurological Diseases: Extracellular Vesicles as a Possible Brain Injury Footprint

Ciccocioppo, F., Lanuti, P., Centonze, D., Miscia, S., & Marchisio, M. (2019) · Neurosignals · doi:10.33594/000000116 · Cited by 17

Extracellular Vesicles in Psychiatry Research in the Context of RDoC Criteria

Ilgın, C., & Topuzoǧlu, A. (2018) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.30773/pi.2018.09.17 · Cited by 17

Identification of a Novel Type of CA19-9 Carrier in Human Bile and Sera of Cancer Patients: An Implication of the Involvement in Nonsecretory Exocytosis

Uozumi, N., Gao, C., Yoshioka, T., Nakano, M., Moriwaki, K., Nakagawa, T., Masuda, T., Tanabe, M., & Miyoshi, E. (2010) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/pr100600u · Cited by 17

The Messenger Apps of the cell: Extracellular Vesicles as Regulatory Messengers of Microglial Function in the CNS

Olanrewaju, A. A., & Hakami, R. M. (2020) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-020-09916-9 · Cited by 17

Exosomes as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Cancer Treatment

Narayanan, E. (2019) · Current Nanoscience · doi:10.2174/1573413715666190219112422 · Cited by 16

Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in multiple sclerosis: From cellular surrogates to pathogenic mediators and beyond

Palacio, P. L., Pleet, M. L., Reátegui, E., & Magaña, S. M. (2023) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578064 · Cited by 18

Microarray Analysis of the Hypoxia-induced Gene Expression Profile in Malignant C6 Glioma Cells

Huang, X.-D., Wang, X., Dai, L.-M., & Li, Z. (2012) · Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention · doi:10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.9.4793 · Cited by 15

Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Reversal of Paclitaxel Resistance in Prostate Cancer

Wang, J. Q., DeChalus, A., Chatterjee, D. N., Keller, E. T., Mizokami, A., Camussi, G., Mendelsohn, A. R., Renzulli, J., Quesenberry, P. J., & Chatterjee, D. (2015) · Critical Reviews™ in Oncogenesis · doi:10.1615/critrevoncog.v20.i5-6.120 · Cited by 15

Experimental and Biological Insights from Proteomic Analyses of Extracellular Vesicle Cargos in Normalcy and Disease

Charest, A. (2020) · Advanced Biosystems · doi:10.1002/adbi.202000069 · Cited by 15

Exosomes in Age-Related Cognitive Decline: Mechanistic Insights and Improving Outcomes

Duggan, M. R., Lu, A., Foster, T. C., Wimmer, M. E., & Parikh, V. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.834775 · Cited by 15

Therapeutic potential of microglia-derived extracellular vesicles in ischemic stroke

Yan, B., Liao, P., Liu, Y., Han, Z., Wang, C., Chen, F., & Lei, P. (2024) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112712 · Cited by 14

Human Microglia Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Different Microglia Cell Lines: Similarities and Differences

Ceccarelli, L., Marchetti, L., Rizzo, M., Moscardini, A., Cappello, V., Pozzo, E. D., Romano, M., Giacomelli, C., Bergese, P., & Martini, C. (2022) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c00816 · Cited by 14

Effects of pramipexole treatment on the α-synuclein content in serum exosomes of Parkinson's disease patients

Luo, H.-T., Zhang, J.-P., & Miao, F. (2016) · Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · doi:10.3892/etm.2016.3471 · Cited by 14

Exosome: The “Off-the-Shelf” Cellular Nanocomponent as a Potential Pathogenic Agent, a Disease Biomarker, and Neurotherapeutics

Ghosh, S., & Ghosh, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.878058 · Cited by 13

Molecular Characteristics, Functional Definitions, and Regulatory Mechanisms for Cross-Presentation Mediated by the Major Histocompatibility Complex: A Comprehensive Review

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