The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
T Cell Responses to Whole SARS Coronavirus in Humans
Open accessAbstract
Effective vaccines should confer long-term protection against future outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a novel zoonotic coronavirus (SARS-CoV) with unknown animal reservoirs. We conducted a cohort study examining multiple parameters of immune responses to SARS-CoV infection, aiming to identify the immune correlates of protection. We used a matrix of overlapping peptides spanning whole SARS-CoV proteome to determine T cell responses from 128 SARS convalescent samples by ex vivo IFN-γ ELISPOT assays. Approximately 50% of convalescent SARS patients were positive for T cell responses, and 90% possessed strongly neutralizing Abs. Fifty-five novel T cell epitopes were identified, with spike protein dominating total T cell responses. CD8+ T cell responses were more frequent and of a greater magnitude than CD4+ T cell responses (p < 0.001). Polychromatic cytometry analysis indicated that the virus-specific T cells from the severe group tended to be a central memory phenotype (CD27+/CD45RO+) with a significantly higher frequency of polyfunctional CD4+ T cells producing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, and CD8+ T cells producing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and CD107a (degranulation), as compared with the mild-moderate group. Strong T cell responses correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with higher neutralizing Ab. The serum cytokine profile during acute infection indicated a significant elevation of innate immune responses. Increased Th2 cytokines were observed in patients with fatal infection. Our study provides a roadmap for the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV and types of immune responses that may be responsible for the virus clearance, and should serve as a benchmark for SARS-CoV vaccine design and evaluation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
KIM, H. W., CANCHOLA, J. G., BRANDT, C. D., PYLES, G., CHANOCK, R. M., JENSEN, K., & PARROTT, R. H. (1969) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120955 · Cited by 1,981
Fatal outcome of human influenza A (H5N1) is associated with high viral load and hypercytokinemia.
de Jong, M. D., Simmons, C. P., Thanh, T. T., Hien, V. M., Smith, G. J. D., Chau, T. N. B., Hoang, D. M., Van Vinh Chau, N., Khanh, T. H., Dong, V. C., et al. (2006) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1477 · Cited by 1,858
SARS: systematic review of treatment effects
Stockman, L. J., Bellamy, R., & Garner, P. (2006) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030343 · Cited by 1,217
Donnelly, C. A., Ghani, A. C., Leung, G. M., Hedley, A. J., Fraser, C., Riley, S., Abu-Raddad, L. J., Ho, L.-M., Thach, T.-Q., Chau, P., et al. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13410-1 · Cited by 940 · cited 1×
“In agreement with previous reports (7, 26), age was also associated with severe disease outcome among survivors (mean age of mild to moderate vs severe illness groups: 31 10 vs 42 13, p 0.”
ResultCameron, M. J., Ran, L., Xu, L., Danesh, A., Bermejo-Martin, J. F., Cameron, C. M., Muller, M. P., Gold, W. L., Richardson, S. E., Poutanen, S. M., et al. (2007) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00527-07 · Cited by 386
Quantum dot semiconductor nanocrystals for immunophenotyping by polychromatic flow cytometry
Chattopadhyay, P. K., Price, D. A., Harper, T. F., Betts, M. R., Yu, J., Gostick, E., Perfetto, S. P., Goepfert, P., Koup, R. A., De Rosa, S. C., et al. (2006) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1371 · Cited by 372
Cited by
Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019
Chen, G., Wu, D., Guo, W., Cao, Y., Huang, D., Wang, H., Wang, T., Zhang, X., Chen, H., Yu, H., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci137244 · Cited by 4,750
Self-citationGrifoni, A., Weiskopf, D., Ramirez, S. I., Mateus, J., Dan, J. M., Moderbacher, C. R., Rawlings, S. A., Sutherland, A., Premkumar, L., Jadi, R. S., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015 · Cited by 3,595
Reduction and Functional Exhaustion of T Cells in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Diao, B., Wang, C., Tan, Y., Chen, X., Liu, Y., Ning, L., Chen, L., Li, M., Liu, Y., Wang, G., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00827 · Cited by 2,475
SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls
Le Bert, N., Tan, A. T., Kunasegaran, K., Tham, C. Y. L., Hafezi, M., Chia, A., Chng, M. H. Y., Lin, M., Tan, N., Linster, M., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z · Cited by 1,887
Self-citationRobust T Cell Immunity in Convalescent Individuals with Asymptomatic or Mild COVID-19
Sekine, T., Perez-Potti, A., Rivera-Ballesteros, O., Strålin, K., Gorin, J.-B., Olsson, A., Llewellyn-Lacey, S., Kamal, H., Bogdanovic, G., Muschiol, S., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.017 · Cited by 1,788
Metadata
- Authors
- Li, C. K.-F., Wu, H., Yan, H., Ma, S., Wang, L., Zhang, M., Tang, X., Temperton, N. J., Weiss, R. A., Brenchley, J. M., Douek, D. C., Mongkolsapaya, J., Tran, B.-H., Lin, C.-L. S., Screaton, G. R., Hou, J.-L., McMichael, A. J., & Xu, X.-N.
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 181
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 5490-5500
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W2116101651
- Cited by
- 497
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 4.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: T Cell Responses to Whole SARS Coronavirus in Humans. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4049/jimmunol.181.8.5490
- The paper
- Li, C. K.-F., Wu, H., Yan, H., Ma, S., Wang, L., Zhang, M., Tang, X., Temperton, N. J., Weiss, R. A., Brenchley, J. M., Douek, D. C., Mongkolsapaya, J., Tran, B.-H., Lin, C.-L. S., Screaton, G. R., Hou, J.-L., McMichael, A. J., & Xu, X.-N. (2008). T Cell Responses to Whole SARS Coronavirus in Humans. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.181.8.5490
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
