Template Analysis for Business and Management Students
Abstract
Part of SAGE’s Mastering Business Research Methods, conceived and edited by Bill Lee, Mark N. K. Saunders and Vadake K. Narayanan and designed to support researchers by providing in-depth and practical guidance on using a chosen method of data collection or analysis. In Template Analysis for Business and Management Students Nigel King and Joanna Brookes guide you through the origins of template analysis and its place in qualitative research, its basic components, and the main strengths and limitations of this method. Practical case studies and examples from published research then guide you through how to use it in your own research project. Ideal for Business and Management students reading for a Master’s degree, each book in the series may also serve as a reference book for doctoral students and faculty members interested in the method. Watch the editors introduce the Mastering Business Research Methods series and tell you more about the first three books.
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Template analysis was employed using a critical perspective, arguing that realities exist independent of human activity and that situations outside participants' control may not directly determine behaviour but are recognized as important influences in understanding experience.
“Template analysis as a method of qualitative data analysis is philosophically flexible, but has been employed in this study using a critical perspective ([29]; p.15), whereby we argue “realities which exist independent of human activity””
From Preliminary findings on the experiences of care for parents who suffered perinatal bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
The iterative approach to coding and quotation selection meant that when saturation was reached, transcripts could be compared to ensure the most illustrative quotations were selected.
“The iterative approach to coding and quotation selection meant, when saturation of data and themes had been reached, transcripts could be compared to ensure the most illustrative quotations were selected and presented in the results section which follows [29].”
From Preliminary findings on the experiences of care for parents who suffered perinatal bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
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Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019) · Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2019.1628806 · Cited by 19,677 · see citing works
“However, when presenting this Big Q/organic and small q/coding reliability TA typology, we were often asked about where approaches like framework analysis (e.g. Ritchie and Spencer 1994) and template analysis (e.g. King and Brooks 2017b) would fi t.”
MethodA worked example of Braun and Clarke’s approach to reflexive thematic analysis
Byrne, D. (2022) · Quality & Quantity · doi:10.1007/s11135-021-01182-y · Cited by 3,604 · see citing works
“Codebook approaches, such as framework analysis (Smith and Firth 2011) or template analysis (King and Brooks 2017), can be understood to be something of a midpoint between coding reliability approaches and the reflexive approach.”
Boundary conditions for traceability in food supply chains using blockchain technology
Behnke, K., & Janssen, M. (2019) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.025 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Braun, V., Clarke, V., & Hayfield, N. (2022) · Qualitative Research in Psychology · doi:10.1080/14780887.2019.1670765 · Cited by 604 · see citing works
“More recently we’ve come to understand that there are various ‘codebook’ approaches – like template (King and Brooks 2017) and framework (Ritchie and Spencer 1994) analysis.”
BackgroundJob quality, fair work and gig work: the lived experience of gig workers
Myhill, K., Richards, J., & Sang, K. (2021) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2020.1867612 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Template Analysis in Business and Management Research
KING, N. M., Brooks, J. M., & Tabari, S. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-65442-3_8 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationExploring the Role of Tourists: Responsible Behavior Triggered by the COVID-19 Pandemic
Eichelberger, S., Heigl, M., Peters, M., et al. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13115774 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
“The collected data was analyzed following the template analysis approach, by transcribing, analyzing, coding, and examining the data with the qualitative data analysis software MAXQDA [54,55].”
MethodRodgers, P., Stokes, P. J., Tarba, S. Y., et al. (2019) · Management International Review · doi:10.1007/s11575-019-00385-8 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“The coding process was conducted independently by each author, with the overarching thematic categories identified to develop a coding scheme based on key themes to ensure consistent intra-coder reliability (King and Brooks 2016).”
MethodCalzolari, T., Bimpizas-Pinis, M., Genovese, A., & Brint, A. T. (2023) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139686 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Caring in the Gig Economy: A Relational Perspective of Decent Work
Khan, M. H., Williams, J., Williams, P., & Mayes, R. (2023) · Work Employment and Society · doi:10.1177/09500170231173586 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“This methodological approach enabled a contextual-constructivist analysis, explicating that interpretation and meaning-making of people’s experiences in relation to the a priori elements depended on their social context, interactions and subjectivities (King and Brooks, 2017).”
DeJonckheere, M. J., Vaughn, L. M., James, T. G., & Schondelmeyer, A. C. (2024) · Journal of Mixed Methods Research · doi:10.1177/15586898241257546 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
“For example, both framework analysis (Smith & Firth, 2011) and template analysis (King & Brooks, 2017) use structured codebooks that are applied to the data but with recognition that coding still requires interpretation from the researchers.”
Grounded accountability and Indigenous self-determination
Scobie, M., Lee, B., & Smyth, S. (2020) · Critical Perspectives on Accounting · doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2020.102198 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
van Lieshout, J. W. F. C., Nijhof, A. H. J., Naarding, G. J. W., et al. (2021) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.2857 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Digi-Housekeeping: The Invisible Work of Flexibility
Whiting, R., & Gillian Symon, B. (2020) · Work Employment and Society · doi:10.1177/0950017020916192 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“Template analysis was the data analysis strategy adopted for the main project, a generic style of thematic analysis which enables both the pursuit of prehoc analytical themes and the emergence of unexpected themes in the data (King and Brooks, 2017).”
MethodBlending work and leisure: a future digital worker hybrid lifestyle perspective
Rainoldi, M., Ladkin, A., & Buhalis, D. (2022) · Annals of Leisure Research · doi:10.1080/11745398.2022.2070513 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“Second, an in-vivo coding procedure was used to facilitate the understanding of the underlying narrative threads and the fi nal identi fi cation of the main themes (King and Brooks 2017).”
MethodParticipant Reflexivity in Organizational Research Design
Cassell, C., Radcliffe, L., & Malik, F. (2020) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/1094428119842640 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“The responses of participants were analyzed using thematic analysis as prescribed by King and Brookes (2016).”
MethodOver and over: local fans and spectator sport tourist engagement
Cordina, R., Gannon, M. J., & Croall, R. (2018) · Service Industries Journal · doi:10.1080/02642069.2018.1534962 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“Regarding thematic analysis, the template approach was employed to investigate the participants’ responses and themes emerging from existing literature (King & Brooks, 2016).”
MethodSilverio, S. A., Easter, A., Storey, C., Jurković, D., Sandall, J., & on behalf of the PUDDLES Global Collaboration (2021) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-021-04292-5 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Skeete, J.-P., & Owusu, G. (2021) · Production Planning & Control · doi:10.1080/09537287.2021.1882694 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Birken, M., Chipp, B., Shah, P., Olive, R. R., Nyikavaranda, P., Hardy, J., Chhapia, A., Barber, N., Lee, S., Pearce, E., et al. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0280946 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“We used Template Analysis [28], a form of thematic analysis [29] involving a codebook approach.”
MethodLearning to see modern slavery in supply chains through paradoxical sensemaking
Pinnington, B., & Meehan, J. (2023) · Journal of Supply Chain Management · doi:10.1111/jscm.12309 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Value co-creation in the B2B context: a conceptual framework and its implications
Pathak, B., Ashok, M., & Tan, Y. L. (2021) · Service Industries Journal · doi:10.1080/02642069.2021.1989414 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Pleasure Through Pain: An Empirical Examination of Benign Masochism in Tourism
Nørfelt, A., Köck, F., Karpen, I. O., & Josiassen, A. (2022) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/00472875211067550 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“…the adopted research philosophical position, the analysis was undertaken from the assumption that the researcher will always be influenced by their position in the world yet that validity can be approximated by ensuring reflexivity and critical thinking (Brooks et al. 2015; King and Brooks 2016).”
BackgroundMethodDigital internal communication: An interplay of socio‐technical elements
Wuersch, L., Neher, A., & Peter, M. K. (2022) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/ijmr.12323 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
What do unions do… with digital technologies? An affordance approach
Hennebert, M., Pasquier, V., & Lévesque, C. (2021) · New Technology Work and Employment · doi:10.1111/ntwe.12187 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Medical student engagement in small‐group active learning: A stimulated recall study
Grijpma, J. W., der Vossen, M. M., Kusurkar, R. A., Meeter, M., & de la Croix, A. (2021) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.14710 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The use of theory in qualitative research: Challenges, development of a framework and exemplar
Nguyen, T. N. M., Whitehead, L., Dermody, G., et al. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15053 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self‐conscious emotions and breastfeeding support: A focused synthesis of UK qualitative research
Leeming, D., Marshall, J. L., & Hinsliff, S. W. (2021) · Maternal and Child Nutrition · doi:10.1111/mcn.13270 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Using template analysis (King & Brooks, 2017) enabled a focus on self-conscious emotions and related appraisals by including tentative a priori themes within a coding template that was revised and expanded in response to the data.”
BackgroundMethodAbraham, M., Kaliannan, M., Avvari, M. V., et al. (2023) · Journal of General Management · doi:10.1177/03063070231184336 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“The template analysis method was used in this study, which is well-suited for any type of textual data, such as interview data (King and Brooks, 2017).”
Business, Aging, and Socioemotional Selectivity: A Qualitative Study of Gray Entrepreneurship
Stirzaker, R., Galloway, L., & Potter, L. M. (2019) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/jsbm.12516 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“A staged approach to the analysis, akin to that described in King and Brooks (2016), was employed whereby familiarization, initial coding, and clustering was followed by the creation and development of a template to arrange and prioritize themes.”
MethodNo Need to Worry? Anxiety and Coping in the Entrepreneurship Process
Thompson, N., van Gelderen, M., & Keppler, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00398 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“In particular, we draw on template analysis to inform our data collection techniques and to structure our data analysis (Brooks and King, 2014; King and Brooks, 2017).”
MethodDigital nomads' work-leisure management practices
Rainoldi, M., Ladkin, A., & Buhalis, D. (2025) · Annals of Tourism Research · doi:10.1016/j.annals.2025.103904 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Thematic trajectory analysis: A temporal method for analysing dynamic qualitative data
Spencer, L., Radcliffe, L. S., Spence, R., & KING, N. M. (2021) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12359 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationMallawaarachchi, S. R., Hooley, M., Sutherland‐Smith, W., & Horwood, S. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14459-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Laasch, O., & Pinkse, J. (2019) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2019.101891 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Eickhoff, M., & Wieneke, R. (2018) · Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) · doi:10.24251/hicss.2018.113 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Among others, codes can be re-labeled, eliminated, re-classified by subsuming them under different higher-order codes, and assigned to a different analytical level, if applicable [28, 42].”
BackgroundSnijders, I., Wijnia, L., Dekker, H. J. J., Rikers, R. M. J. P., & Loyens, S. M. M. (2021) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s10212-021-00549-x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“We used template analysis as described by King and Brooks (2016) to analyze the data.”
MethodVicente-Saez, R., Gustafsson, R., & Martínez-Fuentes, C. M. (2021) · Science and Public Policy · doi:10.1093/scipol/scab049 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Hence, when analysing our qualitative data from site visits and interviews, we first performed a template analysis (King and Brooks 2017, 2018b).”
MethodCo-Writing with AI, on Human Terms: Aligning Research with User Demands Across the Writing Process
Reza, M., Thomas-Mitchell, J., Dushniku, P., Laundry, N., Williams, J. J., & Kuzminykh, A. (2025) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3757566 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“We resolved disagreements through discussion and consensus with a third researcher.”
Business, society, and the need for stewardship orientation
Nijhof, A. H. J., Schaveling, J., & Zalesky, N. (2019) · Journal of Organizational Change Management · doi:10.1108/jocm-09-2017-0348 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Perspectives of Western Canadian dairy farmers on providing outdoor access for dairy cows
Smid, A.-M. C., Inberg, P. H. J., de Jong, S., Sinclair, S., von Keyserlingk, M. A. G., Weary, D. M., & Barkema, H. W. (2021) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2021-20342 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Saunders, C., Treufeldt, H., Rask, M. T., Pedersen, H. F., Rask, C. U., Burton, C. D., & Frostholm, L. (2023) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111155 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Jordan, C., Ohlsen, R. I., Hayee, B., & Chalder, T. (2017) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2017.1381958 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“…it is compatible with the neo-positivist position assumed by this study in that we aimed to report the reality evident in the data in relation to participant’s experience of symptoms of anxiety and low mood and drew on CBT theory to inform constructs within our analysis (King & Brooks, 2017).”
MethodResultFrom vehicle suppliers to value co-creators: the evolving role of Italian motorhome manufacturers
Simeoni, F., & Cassia, F. (2017) · Current Issues in Tourism · doi:10.1080/13683500.2017.1293619 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed through template analysis (King, 2004, 2012; King & Brooks, 2017) with the support of NVivo software.”
MethodPerusall: University learning-teaching innovation employing social annotation and machine learning
Cecchinato, G., & Foschi, L. C. (2020) · Qwerty · doi:10.30557/qw000030 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Re‐ordering Motherhood and Employment: Mobilizing ‘Mums Everywhere’ during Covid‐19
Ashman, R., Radcliffe, L. S., Patterson, A., & Gatrell, C. J. (2022) · British Journal of Management · doi:10.1111/1467-8551.12630 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Elliott, R., Wattis, J. P., Chirema, K. D., & Brooks, J. M. (2019) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/jpm.12560 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationde Jong, L. H., Bok, H. G. J., Schellekens, L. H., Kremer, W. D. J., Jonker, F. H., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2022) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-022-03257-2 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Template analysis is a style of thematic analysis were themes become apparent together with a structure to represent the relation between them [33].”
BackgroundA framework for the opportunity recognition process in UK entrepreneurial universities
Aldawod, A. (2021) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121386 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Change management in Indo-Japanese cross-cultural collaborative contexts
Ashta, A., Stokes, P. J., & Hughes, P. (2018) · Journal of Organizational Change Management · doi:10.1108/jocm-05-2017-0201 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
A review of hydrogen energy in renewable energy supply chain finance
Zubairu, N., Jabri, L. A., & Rejeb, A. (2025) · Discover Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s43621-025-01007-0 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Template analysis was selected because it provides several important advantages, such as flexibility, efficiency, transparency, theory building, balancing between openness and structure, and generating unanticipated insights [30].”
InfluentialRadcliffe, L. S., Cassell, C. M., & Malik, F. (2021) · British Journal of Management · doi:10.1111/1467-8551.12472 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Interviews and audio-recorded diaries were transcribed verbatim, and handwritten diaries were word-processed before initial thematic analysis as prescribed by King and Brooks (2016).”
BackgroundMethodChizaryfard, A., & Karakaya, E. (2022) · Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions · doi:10.1016/j.eist.2022.10.002 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Matheson, E. L., Schneider, J., Tinoco, A., Silva-Breen, H. L., LaVoi, N. M., & Diedrichs, P. C. (2023) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.06.012 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Making Sense of AI Benefits: A Mixed-method Study in Canadian Public Administration
Madan, R., & Ashok, M. (2024) · Information Systems Frontiers · doi:10.1007/s10796-024-10475-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“…Yes H6: Consultant pressures positively affect mimetic pressures from using AI within the public administration Yes H7: Consultant pressures positively affect normative pressures from using AI within the public administration Yes diary to ensure researcher bias was minimised (King & Brooks, 2016).”
Corti, L., Oltmans, R., Jung, J., Balayn, A., Wijsenbeek, M. S., & Yang, J. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642551 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“To provide more clarity to readers, we disclose how the authors’ perspectives and assumptions shaped the analysis.”
Bridging the Team Coaching Competency Gap: A review of the literature
Widdowson, L., Rochester, L., Barbour, P. J., & Hullinger, A. (2020) · Radar (Oxford Brookes University) · doi:10.24384/z9zb-hj74 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“A thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006; Clarke et al., 2015; King & Brooks, 2017) was conducted in order to detect qualitative patterns in the form of themes and to identify components for a theoretical framework for team coaching competencies.”
MethodCapturing Passenger Experience in a Ride-Sharing Autonomous Vehicle
Alpers, B. S., Cornn, K., Feitzinger, L. E., Khaliq, U., Park, S. Y., Beigi, B., Hills-Bunnell, D. J., Hyman, T., Deshpande, K., Yajima, R., et al. (2020) · International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI) · doi:10.1145/3409120.3410639 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Clarke, J., & Norman, V. (2021) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2021.1902800 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The role and performance of supporter directors: A social exchange theory perspective
McLeod, J., Jenkin, A., Walters, G., et al. (2021) · Sport Management Review · doi:10.1080/14413523.2021.1880744 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Danemayer, J., Holloway, C., Cho, Y., Bianchi‐Berthouze, N., Singh, A., Bhot, W., Dixon, O., Grobelnik, M., & Shawe-Taylor, J. S. (2023) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2023.103078 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Ramos, S., Costa, P., Passos, A., da Silva, S. A., & Sacadura‐Leite, E. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02203 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“More specifically, and considering the existence of multiple coders, we opted for template analysis (King and Brooks, 2016) to organize data.”
MethodBring Your Non-self to Work? The Interaction Between Self-decentralization and Moral Reasoning
Vu, M. C., & Burton, N. (2021) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-021-04975-1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Academic entrepreneurship: work identity in contexts
Giunti, G., & Duberley, J. P. (2023) · Entrepreneurship and Regional Development · doi:10.1080/08985626.2023.2178676 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Board roles in Scottish football: an integrative stewardship-resource dependency theory
McLeod, J., Shilbury, D., & Ferkins, L. (2019) · European Sport Management Quarterly · doi:10.1080/16184742.2019.1699141 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Laine, I., Pirrone, G., Phan, K. H. Q., Milotta, M., Väätänen, J., & Hagen, B. (2024) · Journal of International Education in Business · doi:10.1108/jieb-08-2024-0112 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Burr, V., & Colley, H. E. (2017) · Ageing and Society · doi:10.1017/s0144686x17001179 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Skeete, J.-P. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.048 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
George-Carey, R., Memtsa, M., Kent-Nye, F. E., Magee, L. A., Oza, M., Burgess, K., Goodhart, V., Jurković, D., & Silverio, S. A. (2024) · Women and Birth · doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2023.12.004 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
IT Business Value and Competitive Advantage: Integrating a Customer-Based View
Gellweiler, C., & Krishnamurthi, L. (2021) · Information Systems Management · doi:10.1080/10580530.2021.2003487 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Template analysis was the chosen qualitative research method (Brooks et al., 2015; King, 2004; King & Brooks, 2017).”
MethodChanging scripts: Gender, family farm succession and increasing farm values in Australia
Sheridan, A. J., Newsome, L., Lawson, A., et al. (2023) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2023.103024 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
What’s in a name? Job title and working identity in professional services staff in higher education
Melling, L. (2018) · Perspectives Policy and Practice in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/13603108.2018.1535459 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Locke, H., Brooks, J. M., Arendsen, L. J., Jacob, N. K., Casson, A. J., Jones, A. K. P., & Sivan, M. (2020) · British Journal of Pain · doi:10.1177/2049463720908798 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Analysis followed the procedural steps described by King and Brooks (47) from what they describe as a qualitative neo-positivist position (for the purposes of this study, we have taken a realist approach that assumes an unproblematic relationship between our participants’ accounts and [a shared] external reality).”
MethodSelf-citationRose, C., Law, G. U., & Howard, R. A. (2023) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-023-03483-1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“The author conducted the thematic synthesis from a limited realist perspective [21], which closely anchored the authors' interpretation of the primary dataset to a straightforward reading of the data.”
MethodRadcliffe, L. S., Cassell, C. M., & Spencer, L. (2023) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2023.103914 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Vu, M. C., & Burton, N. (2023) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-023-05457-2 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The Value of Master's Degree Programmes in Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review
O'Callaghan, C., Sandars, J. E., Brown, J., & Sherratt, C. (2024) · The Clinical Teacher · doi:10.1111/tct.13758 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Mindfulness and compassion training for health professionals: A qualitative study
Brun, C., Akinyemi, A., Houtin, L., Mizzi, C., Cardoso, T., & Isnard Bagnis, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1113453 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“We analyzed these interviews using King’s template analysis method (King and Brooks, 2017).”
MethodCognitive Task Analysis: Eliciting Expert Cognition in Context
Brown, O., Power, N., & Gore, J. (2024) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/10944281241271216 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Researchers with a more theoretically informed (deductive) a priori focus could utilize more structured analysis techniques such as template analysis (King & Brooks, 2017), with the”
Schneider, J., Matheson, E. L., Tinoco, A., Silva-Breen, H. L., Diedrichs, P. C., & LaVoi, N. M. (2023) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.06.013 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Religion, organization and company law – a case study of a Quaker business
Burton, N., Kavanagh, D., & Brigham, M. (2019) · Management & Organizational History · doi:10.1080/17449359.2019.1683036 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Pattern matching analysis: Overview of its rationale and application in qualitative research
Vargas-Bianchi, L. (2025) · Methodological Innovations · doi:10.1177/20597991251325451 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“…by the theoretical propositions established a priori, as with a codebook (Pearse, 2019a, 2019b), or by conducting a deductive template analysis (King and Brooks, 2018); or (ii) organize the data by inductive coding, using data-driven qualitative techniques that allow for finding categories or…”
Heaney, S., Galeotti, M., & Aventin, Á. (2023) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-023-05839-4 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Martín, A., Haines, J., & Fraser, E. (2024) · Food Policy · doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2024.102702 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
van Rijn, B., Cooper, M., & Chryssafidou, E. (2017) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12155 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Customer definitions of moral value for retail brands: A qualitative understanding
Wei, Y., Sit, K. J., & Ekinci, Y. (2023) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103697 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mamrath, S., Greenfield, M., Turienzo, C. F., Fallon, V., & Silverio, S. A. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0297454 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Rutter, S., Zamani, E. D., McKenna-Aspell, J., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103278 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mulgrew, K. E., & Hinz, A. (2024) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101780 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Khan, M., Behrendt, K., Paparas, D., & Arnold, L. (2024) · Sustainable Development · doi:10.1002/sd.3159 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Smid, A.-M. C., de Jong, S., Inberg, P. H. J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2021-21237 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Mindset shifts for the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Insights from the life insurance sector
Molloy, L., & Ronnie, L. (2021) · SA Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1543 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Online identity work dynamics of Instagram micro-influencers: an extreme case approach
Bergs, Y., Peters, P., Lub, X. D., & Blomme, R. J. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1306248 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Dynamics capabilities 5.0 toward inner business resiliency: A conceptual and evaluation panacea
Mohammed, A., Balushi, F. A. A., Zubairu, N., & Govindan, K. (2025) · Computers & Industrial Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.cie.2025.111223 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Analyzing Data: Approaches to Thematic Analysis
Gormley, G., Kearney, G. P., Johnston, J. L., et al. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-26837-4_19 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Leeming, D., Lucock, M. P., Shibazaki, K., Pilkington, N., & Scott, B. L. (2022) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-021-00932-4 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Template Analysis was used, a form of thematic analysis involving hierarchical coding through the iterative development of a coding template (King & Brooks, 2017).”
MethodCorporate visual identity: exploring the dogma of consistency
Gregersen, M. K., & Johansen, T. S. (2018) · Corporate Communications An International Journal · doi:10.1108/ccij-10-2017-0088 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“The six steps of analysis included in template analysis are seen as highly iterative, overlapping phases in which priori themes, thematic structures, labeling, and coding are continuously recoded, reinterpreted, reorganized and re-coined before finalizing the thematic structure presented in the analysis (King, 2012; K…”
BackgroundMethodEntrepreneurial marketing learning styles used by entrepreneurial teams
Petrylaitė, E., & Rusk, M. (2020) · Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1108/jrme-12-2019-0099 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Similar codes were merged together to reduce the number of themes and enhance the quality of coding (King and Brooks, 2017).”
BackgroundMethodFrom top gun to the daily grind: contextualizing psychological contract breach for military pilots
Kraak, J. M., Lakshman, C., & Griep, Y. (2019) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2019.1681500 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Following recommendations by King and Brooks (2016) we then organized these obligations into six (employer obligations) and two (employee obligations) overarching themes.”
BackgroundMethodHorton, A., Holman, D. J., & Hebson, G. (2022) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.2022.048199 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“This was an exploratory qualitative study that used a constructivist epistemology, meaning that the knowledge we sought is perspectival (King & Brooks, 2017).”
- Authors
- King, N., & Brooks, J. M.
- Venue
- SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Published
- 2017
- OpenAlex
- W2590250792
- Cited by
- 392
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 81 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 27.46
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- University of Huddersfield Repository (University of Huddersfield) (submittedVersion)
- Huddersfield Research Portal (University of Huddersfield) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Business Strategies and Management Research
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Business and Management Studies
- Keywords
- template analysis, qualitative data analysis, qualitative research, business research methods, management research
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