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Cited by 565Electoral Systems and Political ParticipationPolitical Conflict and GovernancePolitical Theory and Democracy

Party System Institutionalization and Party System Theory After the Third Wave of Democratization*

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Mainwaring, Scott, Torcal, Mariano·2006·Handbook of Party Politics
DOI 10.4135/9781848608047.n19
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Abstract

Abstract The overarching argument of this paper is that the party systems of less developed countries are less institutionalized than those of the advanced industrial democracies. The paper examines three differences between the party systems of the advanced industrial democracies and party systems of less developed countries. First, we show that most democracies and semi-democracies in less developed countries have much higher electoral volatility than the advanced industrial democracies. Second, much of the literature on parties and party systems assumes the context of institutionalized party systems with strong party roots in society and further presupposes that programmatic or ideological linkages are at the root of the stable linkages between voters and parties. In the party systems of most democracies and semi-democracies in less developed countries, programmatic or ideological linkages between voters and parties are weaker. Third, linkages between voters and candidates are more personalistic in less developed countries than in the advanced industrial democracies. Resumen Este artículo examina tres diferencias entre los sistemas de partidos de las democracias industriales avanzadas y los sistemas de partidos en países menos desarrollados, particularmente en términos del nivel de institucionalización. El argumento general es que los sistemas de partidos de los países menos desarrollados están menos institucionalizados. Mostramos que la mayoría de las democracias y semi-democracias en los países menos desarrollados tienen una volatilidad electoral mucho más alta y menor estabilidad electoral que las democracias industriales avanzadas. En segundo lugar, buena parte de la literatura sobre los partidos y sistemas de partidos asume un contexto de sistemas de partidos institucionalizados con partidos con fuerte arraigo social y adicionalmente presupone que los vínculos programáticos o ideológicos sostienen la estabilidad de los vínculos entre los votantes y los partidos. En los sistemas de partidos de la mayoría de las democracias y semi-democracias en los países menos desarrollados, los vínculos programáticos o ideológicos entre los votantes y los partidos son más débiles. En tercer lugar, en las democracias y semi-democracias de los países menos desarrollados los vínculos entre los votantes y los candidatos son más personalistas que en las democracies industriales avanzadas.

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Authors
Mainwaring, S., & Torcal, M.
ORCID
Venue
Handbook of Party Politics
Publisher
SAGE Publications Ltd
Published
2006
Pages
204-227
DOI
10.4135/9781848608047.n19
OpenAlex
W2497612783
Cited by
565
References
83
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 16
FWCI
177.27
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks (publishedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • University of Notre Dame (cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Political Theory and Democracy
Keywords
party system institutionalization, party system theory, developing countries, electoral volatility, semi-democracy, advanced industrial democracies, third wave of democratization

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