Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) as a renewable diesel fuel: trade-off between NOₓ, particulate emission, and fuel consumption of a heavy duty engine
Abstract
Hydrotreating of vegetable oils or animal fats is an alternative process to esterification for producing biobased diesel fuels. Hydrotreated products are also called renewable diesel fuels. Hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO) do not have the detrimental effects of ester-type biodiesel fuels, like increased NOx emission, deposit formation, storage stability problems, more rapid aging of engine oil or poor cold properties. HVOs are straight chain paraffinic hydrocarbons that are free of aromatics, oxygen and sulfur and have high cetane numbers. In this paper, NOx - particulate emission trade-off and NOx - fuel consumption trade-off are studied using different fuel injection timings in a turbocharged charge air cooled common rail heavy duty diesel engine. Tested fuels were sulfur free diesel fuel, neat HVO, and a 30% HVO + 70% diesel fuel blend. The study shows that there is potential for optimizing engine settings together with enhanced fuel composition. HVO could be used in optimized low emission diesel power trains in captive fleet applications like city buses, indoor fork-lift trucks, or mine vehicles.
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Advanced biofuels are the only immediately available solution that can enable transport to meet the 2030 GHG emission reduction objectives, because electricity and hydrogen will only be nascent at that horizon.
“Advanced biofuels are the only immediately available solution that can enable transport to meet the 2030 objectives of GHG emission reduction, as electricity, and even more hydrogen, will only be nascent at this horizon (the recent Smart & Sustainable Mobility strategy [49] objective for 30 million EVs on the road in the EU represents only 12% of the car-pool).”
From Advanced biofuels to decarbonise European transport by 2030: markets, challenges, and policies that impact their successful market uptake (2021) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Aatola, H., Larmi, M., Sarjovaara, T., & Mikkonen, S.
- Affiliations
- Helsinki University of Technology
- Neste Oil (Finland) (FI)
- ORCID
- Larmi, Martti
- Venue
- SAE International Journal of Engines
- Publisher
- SAE International
- Published
- 2008-10-06
- Volume
- 01
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1251-1262
- ISSN
- 1946-3936 (ISSN-L)
- 1946-3944
- OpenAlex
- W2146135637
- Cited by
- 465
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 9.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SAE International Journal of Engines (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Helsingin Yliopisto
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biodiesel Production and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes › Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Engine and Fuel Emissions
- Keywords
- renewable diesel, NOx emissions, particulate emissions, fuel consumption, injection timing, heavy-duty diesel engines, paraffin hydrocarbons
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