The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 121 of the 122 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Why and When Leaders’ Affective States Influence Employee Upward Voice
Open accessAbstract
Although researchers have argued that employees often carefully examine social contexts before speaking up to leaders, the role of leaders’ affective states has received little attention. The current research addresses this important issue from an emotion-as-social-information perspective by exploring whether, why, and when leaders’ affect influences employees’ voice behavior. By collecting data of 640 daily interactions from both sides of 85 leader–employee dyads using the experience sampling method through mobile surveys, we found that leaders’ positive affect was positively related to employees’ voice behavior. Furthermore, such a relationship could be accounted for through employees’ psychological safety directly via the emotional contagion mechanism (through employees’ own positive affect) but not directly via the signaling mechanism (through employees’ assessment of leaders’ positive affect); and the effects of both employees’ own positive affect and their assessments of leaders’ positive affect on psychological safety were stronger when the leader–member exchange relationship was weak. Interestingly, we also found that leaders’ negative affect was positively related to employees’ voice, but neither emotional contagion nor signaling mechanisms explained this effect. These findings highlight the important role of leaders’ affect in the voice process and also provide insights for when employees would choose to speak up to their leaders.
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“Employees made more suggestions for improving work practices and performance when peers (Liu et al. 2015) and leaders (Liu et al. 2017) displayed happiness and enthusiasm, due to greater perceived psychological safety and reciprocal positive affect.”
From The Social Effects of Emotions (2022) · cites this paper as Liu et al. 2017
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gabriel, A. S., Podsakoff, N. P., Beal, D. J., Scott, B. A., Sonnentag, S., Trougakos, J. P., & Butts, M. M. (2019) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/1094428118802626 · Cited by 755
Psychological Safety Comes of Age: Observed Themes in an Established Literature
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Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, W., Song, Z., Li, X., & Liao, Z.
- Affiliations
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- Venue
- Academy of Management Journal
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 2017-02
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 238-263
- ISSN
- 0001-4273 (ISSN-L)
- 1948-0989
- OpenAlex
- W2188429209
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 11
- FWCI
- 21.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Academy of Management Journal (publishedVersion)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion)
- National University of Singapore (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Team Dynamics and Performance
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Violence and Bullying
- Keywords
- positive affect, negative affect, psychological safety, emotional contagion, signaling mechanisms, leader-member exchange, leader-employee dyads, voice behavior
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