Cited by 324Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyEssential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity

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Natural Products as Manipulators of Rumen Fermentation

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Wallace, R. John, McEwan, Neil R., McIntosh, Freda M., Teferedegne, Belete, Newbold, C. James·2002·Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

DOI 10.5713/ajas.2002.1458

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Abstract

There is increasing interest in exploiting natural products as feed additives to solve problems in animal nutrition and livestock production.Essential oils and saponins are two types of plant secondary compounds that hold promise as natural feed additives for ruminants.This paper describes recent advances in research into these additives.The research has generally concentrated on protein metabolism.Dietary essential oils caused rates of NH 3 production from amino acids in ruminal fluid taken from sheep and cattle receiving the oils to decrease, yet proteinase and peptidase activities were unchanged.Hyper-ammonia-producing (HAP) bacteria were the most sensitive of ruminal bacteria to essential oils in pure culture.Essential oils also slowed colonisation and digestion of some feedstuffs.Ruminobacter amylophilus may be a key organism in mediating these effects.Saponin-containing plants and their extracts appear to be useful as a means of suppressing the bacteriolytic activity of rumen ciliate protozoa and thereby enhancing total microbial protein flow from the rumen.The effects of some saponins seems to be transient, which may stem from the hydrolysis of saponins to their corresponding sapogenin aglycones, which are much less toxic to protozoa.Saponins also have selective antibacterial effects which may prove useful in, for example, controlling starch digestion.These studies illustrate that plant secondary compounds, of which essential oils and saponins comprise a small proportion, have great potential as 'natural' manipulators of rumen fermentation, to the potential benefit of the farmer and the environment.(Asian-Aust.

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Authors: Wallace, R. J., McEwan, N. R., McIntosh, F. M., Teferedegne, B., & Newbold, C. J.
Affiliations: University of Aberdeen (GB)
ORCID: Wallace, R. John
McEwan, Neil R.
Newbold, C. James
Venue: Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
Publisher: Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies
Published: 2002-01-01
Volume: 15
Issue: 10
Pages: 1458-1468
ISSN: 1011-2367 (ISSN-L)
1976-5517
DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2002.1458
OpenAlex: W2161059150
Cited by: 324
References: 48
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 10.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: Department for International Development
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Keywords: natural feed additives, rumen fermentation, essential oils, saponins, plant secondary metabolites, ruminants, ammonia synthesis, rumen ciliate protozoa, bacterial lysis, starch hydrolysis, sheep, cattle

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Natural Products as Manipulators of Rumen Fermentation

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