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The La Tolita—Tumaco Culture: Master Metalsmiths in Gold and Platinum
Abstract
The archaeological setting of the La Tolita—Tumaco culture is briefly discussed as a framework for the examination of the metallurgy of the area, in particular the gold—platinum alloys used to make platinum-coated gold objects, platinum—gold sintered alloys, and platinum—gold foil—plated objects. The sophisticated approach to the manipulation of metallic materials resulted in several notable advances being made by the La Tolita—Tumaco culture: the production of extremely fine rectangular wire, bimetallic tumbaga alloys, small lead spheres inlaid with platinum, soldering, granulation, and a degree of sophistication to metalworking that is very impressive and, in some cases, unique in the world. Some selected examples are discussed, and the microstructure of a representative selection of the La Tolita material, bimetallic tumbaga construction, the initial sintered gold—platinum product, platinum-plated gold, and heavily worked gold—platinum composite artifacts are presented.
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The Tumaco archaeological tradition extended about 500 kilometers along the Pacific coast, from Buenaventura in Colombia to Atacames in Ecuador.
“This tradition reveals valuable information on the human use of tropical jungle environments since it geographically extended for about 500 kilometers along the Pacific coast, from Buenaventura in Colombia to Atacames in Ecuador [1].”
From Reverse engineering of ceramic anthropomorphic figurines from the tumaco archaeological tradition in southwest Colombia (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Scott, D. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Scott, David A.
- ORCID
- Scott, David A.
- Venue
- Latin American Antiquity
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2011-03
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 65-95
- ISSN
- 1045-6635 (ISSN-L)
- 2325-5080
- OpenAlex
- W2318051796
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 1.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Latin American Antiquity (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Archeology › Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory
- Keywords
- gold-platinum alloys, metalworking techniques, soldering, granulation, lead spheres, microstructure, pre-Columbian metallurgy, Andean archaeology
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