Adaptation of the Self-Compassion Scale for use in Brazil: Evidences of construct validity
Open accessAbstract
This study reports evidences of adaptation, construct validation, and reliability of the Self-Compassion Scale for use in Brazil.Self-compassion is a positive healthy attitude towards the self when facing suffering and diffi culties.It encompasses self-kindness instead of self-judgment, mindfulness instead of over-identifi cation, and common humanity instead of social isolation.A confi rmatory factor analysis endorsed the six-factor structure (six subscales) of the original scale; adequate polychoric correlations were identifi ed among subscales; a higher-order factor was confi rmed via hierarchical model analysis; and internal consistency was .92.The scale is ready for application on Brazilian samples in continuing validation studies, for example, with available measures of social desirability, self-esteem, depression, and anxiety, as well as with similar constructs, such as self-acceptance, mindfulness, emotional selfregulation, and self-judgment.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
All instruments have been translated to Portuguese with reliable psychometric properties.
“All instruments have been translated to Portuguese with reliable psychometric properties [54–64].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Reporting Structural Equation Modeling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Results: A Review
Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., & King, J. (2006) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.3200/joer.99.6.323-338 · Cited by 6,937 · see citing works
The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion
NEFF, K. D. (2003) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860309027 · Cited by 6,436 · cited 23× · see citing works
“SC is complete with the understanding that everyone suffers and thus no one needs to isolate him/ herself from other people because of one’s own mistakes and weaknesses (Neff, 2003a, 2003b, 2004, 2009a, 2009b, 2012; Neff & Lamb, 2009).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself
NEFF, K. (2003) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860309032 · Cited by 5,440 · see citing works
Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B., Adams, C. E., Batts Allen, A., & Hancock, J. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.887 · Cited by 1,728 · see citing works
Adapting Educational and Psychological Tests for Cross-Cultural Assessment
(2004) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410611758 · Cited by 1,633 · see citing works
Self-compassion and adaptive psychological functioning.
Neff, K. D., Kirkpatrick, K. L., & Rude, S. S. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.03.004 · Cited by 1,627 · see citing works
Self‐Compassion Versus Global Self‐Esteem: Two Different Ways of Relating to Oneself
Neff, K. D., & Vonk, R. (2008) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00537.x · Cited by 1,258 · see citing works
Neff, K. D., Rude, S. S., & Kirkpatrick, K. L. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.08.002 · Cited by 1,224 · see citing works
Self‐Compassion, Self‐Esteem, and Well‐Being
Neff, K. D. (2011) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00330.x · Cited by 1,214 · see citing works
(2009) · Cited by 830 · see citing works
Self-Compassion and Self-Construal in the United States, Thailand, and Taiwan
Neff, K. D., Pisitsungkagarn, K., & Hsieh, Y.-P. (2008) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022108314544 · Cited by 531 · see citing works
The role of self-compassion in development: a healthier way to relate to oneself
Neff, K. D. (2009) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000215071 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
The Encyclopedia of positive psychology
(2009) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-5397 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Garcia-Campayo, J., Navarro-Gil, M., Andrés, E., Montero-Marin, J., López-Artal, L., & Demarzo, M. M. (2014) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/1477-7525-12-4 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
THE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE SELF-COMPASSION SCALE
Deniz, M. E., Kesici, Ş., & Sümer, A. S. (2008) · Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal · doi:10.2224/sbp.2008.36.9.1151 · Cited by 273 · cited 12× · see citing works
“The authors suggest further studies, especially because a previous adaptation of the SCS for Turkish culture resulted in a six-factor solution (Öveç, Akın & Abacı, 2007, cited by Deniz et al., 2008; published in Turkish). In addition, the Turkish study aforementioned used the same sample to support all of its evidence…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-Compassion and Psychological Well-being
Neff, K., & Germer, C. (2017) · Oxford Handbooks Online · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464684.013.27 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
(2012) · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-compassion and psychological well-being
Neff, K. D. (2005) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e633942013-240 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Petrocchi, N., Ottaviani, C., & Couyoumdjian, A. (2013) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2013.841869 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Ghorbani, N., Watson, P. J., Chen, Z., & Noorbala, F. (2012) · International Journal for the Psychology of Religion · doi:10.1080/10508619.2011.638601 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Castilho, P., & Gouveia, J. P. (2011) · Psychologica · doi:10.14195/1647-8606_54_8 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
(2013) · Practice in Clinical Psychology · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Distorções do pensamento em pacientes deprimidos: frequência e tipos
de Medeiros, H. L. V., & Sougey, É. B. (2010) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/s0047-20852010000100005 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 25 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Fontinha, J. (2009). "Faz a ti mesmo aquilo que far- ias aos outros": Estilo de vinculação como de- terminante da compaixão e auto-compaixão [Do to yourself what you´d do to others: Attachment style as a determinant of compassion and self- compassion]. (Master´s thesis). Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Neff, K. D., Tóth-Király, I., Yarnell, L. M., Arimitsu, K., Castilho, P., Ghorbani, N., Guo, H. X., Hirsch, J. K., Hupfeld, J., Hutz, C. S., et al. (2019) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000629 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
“Three additional studies on translations of the SCS have provided evidence for a model with six group factors and one general factor using a bifactor CFA approach: French (Kotsou & Leys, 2016), Brazilian Portuguese (Souza & Hutz, 2016), and Italian (Veneziani, Fuochi, & Voci, 2017).”
InfluentialA Close Examination of the Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Depressive Symptoms
López, A., Sanderman, R., & Schroevers, M. J. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0891-6 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
“…though several other studies did not find support for the proposed structure, implying that the use of a SCS total score is not justified (Costa et al. 2015; Hupfeld and Ruffieux 2011; Kotsou and Leys 2016; López et al. 2015; Petrocchi et al. 2014; de Souza and Hutz 2016; Williams et al. 2014).”
ResultMontero‐Marín, J., Kuyken, W., Crane, C., Gu, J., Baer, R. A., Al-Awamleh, A. A., Akutsu, S., Araya-Véliz, C., Ghorbani, N., Chen, Z. J., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02638 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“…translation/back-translation procedures and demonstrated appropriate psychometric properties: the Arabic (Teleb and AlAwamleh, 2013), Brazilian (de Souza and Hutz, 2016), English (Neff, 2003a), Greek (Mantzios et al., 2015), Japanese (Yamaguchi et al., 2014), Korean (Kim et al., 2008), Farsi…”
InfluentialAn Investigation of the Factor Structure of the Self-Compassion Scale
Cleare, S., Gumley, A. I., Cleare, C. J., & O’Connor, R. C. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0803-1 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
“Since Neff (2016) suggested a bi-factorial model might best fit the measurement of self-compassion, several studies have employed this analysis using translated versions of the SCS in French, Brazilian Portuguese and Hungarian (Kotsou and Leys 2016; de Souza and Hutz 2016; Tóth-Király et al. 2016).”
Structural validation of the Self-Compassion Scale with a German general population sample
Coroiu, A., Kwakkenbos, L., Moran, C., Thombs, B., Albani, C., Bourkas, S., Zenger, M., Brähler, E., & Körner, A. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190771 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
“Among the 16 validation studies summarized, five used the English SCS version [12, 20, 23, 26, 28] of the SCS and 11 used SCS translations in German [18], Italian [19], Spanish [17, 31, 33], Dutch [27], Portuguese [21, 24, 31], Hungarian [25], French [32], and Japanese [22].”
MethodResultExploratory Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of the Self-Compassion Scale
Tóth‐Király, I., Bőthe, B., & Orosz, G. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0662-1 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
“I n th e ta bl e ab ov e, al th ou gh th e fi ti nd ic es w er e av er ag ed ba se d on th e sa m pl es ,a ll fo ur sh ow ed at le as t ac ce pt ab le go od ne ss of fi t Portugal (Castilho et al. 2015; Cunha et al. 2016), Norway (Dundas et al. 2016), Germany (Hupfeld and Ruffieux 2011), France (Kotsou and Leys 2016),…”
BackgroundTrombka, M., Demarzo, M., Campos, D., Antonio, S. B., Cicuto, K., Walcher, A. L., García-Campayo, J., Schuman-Olivier, Z., & Rocha, N. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.624876 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“Portuguese SCS version exhibits good psychometric properties (89).”
Montero-Marín, J., Gaete, J., Demarzo, M., Rodero, B., Lopez, L. C. S., & García-Campayo, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01281 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“…rs. Results: The structure with the best fit was comprised of the three negative first-order factors of “self-judgment”, “isolation” and “over-identification”, and one negative second-order factor, which has been named “self-criticism” [CFI = 0.92; RMSEA = 0.06 (90% CI = 0.05–0.07); SRMR = 0.05].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialVeneziani, C. A., Fuochi, G., & Voci, A. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.06.028 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“Also in the Brazilian validation of the SCS, the six-factor solution showed the best fi t, butthe bifactor approach led to acceptable fi t indexes(de Souza & Hutz, 2016).”
Garcia, A. C. M., Ferreira, A. C. G., Silva, L. S. R., da Conceição, V. M., Nogueira, D. A., & Mills, J. (2022) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.03.003 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-Compassion in Relation to Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy and Demographical Aspects
de Souza, L. K., & Hutz, C. S. (2016) · Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) · doi:10.1590/1982-43272664201604 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationSelf-compassion and Symptoms of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression
de Souza, L. K., Policarpo, D., & Hutz, C. S. (2020) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-020-00018-2 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationGarcia, A. C. M., Júnior, J. B. C., Sarto, K. K., Marcelo, C. A. D. S., Paiva, E. M. D. C., Nogueira, D. A., & Mills, J. (2021) · European Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2021.101924 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Factor Structure of the Self-Compassion Scale in 11 International Samples
Halamová, J., Kanovský, M., Petrocchi, N., Moreira, H., López, A., Barnett, M. D., Yang, E., Benda, J., Brähler, E., Zeng, X., et al. (2020) · Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development · doi:10.1080/07481756.2020.1735203 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Trombka, M., Demarzo, M., Bacas, D. C., Antonio, S. B., Cicuto, K., Salvo, V., Claudino, F. C. A., Ribeiro, L., Christopher, M., Garcia-Campayo, J., et al. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1726-7 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Lucena‐Santos, P., Carvalho, S. A., Oliveira, M. D. S., & Pinto‐Gouveia, J. (2017) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2017.03.001 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003; Brazilian version: ouza & Hutz, 2016) is a 26-item 5-point Likert self-report easure (from 1 = almost never to 5 = almost always) develped to assess trait levels of self-compassion.”
BackgroundA Pilot Study of the 8-Week Mindful Self-Compassion Training Program in a Chinese Community Sample
Finlay‐jones, A. L., Xie, Q., Huang, X., Ma, X., & Guo, X. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0838-3 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“This solution has also been supported in a number of other studies (de Souza and Hutz 2016; Kotsou and Leys 2016; Tóth-Király et al. 2017).”
ResultSalvo, V., Curado, D. F., Sañudo, A., Kristeller, J. L., Schveitzer, M. C., Favarato, M. L., Isidoro, W., & Demarzo, M. (2022) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2022.106131 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The Self-Compassion Scale Arabic version for baccalaureate nursing students: A validation study
Alabdulaziz, H., Alquwez, N., Almazan, J. U., Albougami, A. S. B., Alshammari, F. F., & Cruz, J. P. (2020) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104420 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Salvo, V., Kristeller, J. L., Montero‐Marín, J., Sañudo, A., Lourenço, B. H., Schveitzer, M. C., D’Almeida, V., Morillo, H., Gimeno, S. G. A., García‐Campayo, J., et al. (2018) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-018-2639-y · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Dutch Food Behaviour Questionnaire The Dutch Food Behaviour Questionnaire (DBEQ) is a self-applied questionnaire validated by Wardle [26] and adapted and translated into Portuguese by Almeida [27].”
Pizutti, L. T., Carissimi, A., Valdivia, L. J., Ilgenfritz, C. A. V., Freitas, J. J., Sopezki, D., Demarzo, M., & Hidalgo, M. P. L. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22749 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“SC was measured with the Brazilian Portuguese version (Souza & Hutz, 2016) of the SC Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003b).”
Validity and reliability of the Polish version of the Self-Compassion Scale and its correlates
Kocur, D. J., Flakus, M., & Fopka-Kowalczyk, M. J. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0267637 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Psychometric properties of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) in an African American clinical sample
Zhang, H., Dong, L., Watson-Singleton, N. N., Tarantino, N., Carr, E. R., Niles-Carnes, L. V., Patterson, B., & Kaslow, N. J. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01099-6 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“…structure for samples in the United States (U.S.) (Neff 2003a) and internationally (e.g., Greek, French, Spanish, Italian, Brazilian, Iranian) (de Souza and Hutz 2016; Garcia-Campayo et al. 2014; Jelodari and Gheydari 2016; Kotsou and Leys 2016; Mantzios et al. 2015; Petrocchi et al. 2014).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPires, F. B. C., Lacerda, S. S., Balardin, J. B., Portes, B., Tobo, P. R., Barrichello, C., Amaro, E., & Kozasa, E. H. (2018) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-018-0685-y · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Enfermeiros na triagem no serviço de emergência: autocompaixão e empatia
Savieto, R. M., Mercer, S. W., Matos, C. C. P., & Leão, E. R. (2019) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.3049.3151 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“This instrument was largely advertised and used all over the world, being translated and validated in many countries, including Brazil(22).”
MethodEfeitos de um curso de meditação de atenção plena em estudantes da saúde no Brasil
de Araújo, A. C., de Santana, C. L. A., Kozasa, E. H., Lacerda, S. S., & Tanaka, L. H. (2020) · Acta Paulista de Enfermagem · doi:10.37689/acta-ape/2020ao0170 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Muttaqin, D., Yunanto, T. A. R., Fitria, A. Z. N., Ramadhanty, A. M., & Lempang, G. F. (2020) · Persona Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia · doi:10.30996/persona.v9i2.3944 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“Tidak hanya terbatas pada negara di Eropa, SCS juga telah divalidasi di negara Amerika Latin misalnya Brazil (Souza & Hutz, 2016) dan negara-negara di Asia misalnya China (MinYing Tsai, 2015; Zeng, Wei, Oei, & Liu, 2016), Iran (Azizi, Mohammadkhani, Foroughi, Lotfi, & Bahramkhani, 2013), Jepang…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMindfulness Training for Primary Care for Portuguese-Speaking Immigrants: A Pilot Study
Trombka, M., Creedon, T., Demarzo, M., Cuoco, L. T., Smith, L., Oxnard, A., Rozembaque, A. T., Hirayama, M. S., Moreno, N. B., Comeau, A., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.664381 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Emotional eating in women with generalized anxiety disorder
Fonseca, N. K. D. O. D., Costa, M. D. A., Gosmann, N. P., Molle, R. D., Gonçalves, F. G., Silva, A. C., Rodrigues, Y., Silveira, P. P., & Manfro, G. G. (2023) · Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0399 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Mapurunga, M. V., Andreoni, S., de Oliveira, D. R., Sarubbi, V., Bonilha, A. C., D’Almeida, V., Tomita, L. Y., Ramos, L. R., & Demarzo, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.563099 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Garcia, A. C. M., Silva, L. S. R., Ferreira, A. C. G., da Conceição, V. M., Meireles, E., & Mills, J. (2021) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951521001802 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Schaab, B. L., Cunha, L. F., Silveira, D. C., da Silva, P. C., Ballejos, K. G., Diaz, G. B., Kaiser, V., Calvetti, P. Ü., Cazella, S. C., Barros, H. M. T., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1414948 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Truong, Q. C., Nguyen, T. M., An, N. H., Medvedeva, A., & Medvedev, O. N. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01950-3 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“The original six-factor structure of SCS has been supported by subsequent validations in China (Chen et al., 2011), Korea (Lee & Lee, 2010), Italy (Petrocchi et al., 2013), and Brazil (de Souza & Hutz, 2016).”
Adaptation and validation of the self-compassion scale (SCS) in an argentine context
Cababie, M., & Etchezahar, E. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02505-w · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…a six factor correlated model (Arimitsu, 2014; Azizi et al., 2013; Bento et al., 2016; Castilho et al., 2015; Chen et al., 2011; Cleare et al., 2017; de Souza & Hutz, 2016; Garcia-Campayo et al., 2014; Hupfeld & Ruffieux, 2011; Karakasidou et al., 2017; Lee & Lee, 2010; Petrocchi et al., 2014;…”
MethodResultInfluentialA autocompaixão em mulheres e relações com autoestima, autoeficácia e aspectos sociodemográficos
de Souza, L. K., & Hutz, C. S. (2016) · Psico · doi:10.15448/1980-8623.2016.2.21185 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationSelf-Compassion Scale - Short Form (SCS-SF): evidências iniciais de validade no Brasil
da Rocha, L. F. D., Pereira, L. B., & Peluso, M. L. (2022) · Revista Psicologia em Pesquisa · doi:10.34019/1982-1247.2022.v16.31549 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Teixeira, D. S., Fortes, S., Kestenberg, C. C. F., Alves, K., Campos, M. R., Neto, A. D. O., Ortega, F., García‐Campayo, J., & Demarzo, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1356040 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“The scale is made up of several statements that explore different aspects of self-compassion and its underlying components (23).”
BackgroundMindful eating for overweight and obese women in Brazil: An exploratory mixed-methods pilot study.
Salvo, V., Sanudo, A., Kristeller, J., Schveitzer, M. C., Martins, P., Favarato, M. L., & Demarzo, M. (2022) · Nutrition and Health · doi:10.1177/02601060211052794 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Rech, M., Diaz, G. B., Schaab, B. L., Leães, C. G. S., Calvetti, P. Ü., & Reppold, C. T. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20146428 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Originally developed by Neff (2003) [39], the scale was adapted to the Brazilian context by Souza and Hutz (2016) [40].”
MethodRole of self-criticism in postpartum mental health: a network analysis
Gerhardt, B. C., Serra, J. G., Zimmer, C., & Arteche, A. X. (2024) · Psicologia Reflexão e Crítica · doi:10.1186/s41155-024-00321-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003; translated and adapted by de Souza & Hutz, 2016).”
MethodInfluentialTelehealth: the general practice perspective.
McPhee, E. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autocompasión (SCS) en México
Tello, A. L., Gómez, R. M., Ramos, R. S., & Moreno-Coutiño, A. B. (2022) · Psicología y Salud · doi:10.25009/pys.v33i1.2785 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Initial Validation of the Brazilian Mindful Eating Scale Among Overweight and Low-Income Women
Salvo, V., Curado, D. F., Sañudo, A., Rezende, F. A. C., & Demarzo, M. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02122-7 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Unhealthy eating habits, measured by the DEBQ and Binge Eating Scale (BES), were negatively associated with mindful eating.”
BackgroundInfluentialCalvetti, P. Ü., Barros, H. M. T., Schaab, B. L., Mattos, Y. L., & Reppold, C. T. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100742 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autocompasión en estudiantes de Medicina de Lima
Rhor, J. P., & Gargurevich, R. (2018) · Revista Interamericana de Psicología/Interamerican Journal of Psychology · doi:10.30849/rip/ijp.v52i2.504 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“…correo electrónico con un grupo de 43 practicantes estadounidenses del budismo (27 mujeres, 16 hombres; Medad = 47; DE = 9.71), específicamente de la meditación Vipassana, la cual busca cultivar, intencionalmente, la conciencia plena y la compasión por otros y por uno mismo (De Souza & Hutz, 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialde Oliveira, J., Oskinis, S., dos Santos, A. C., & Córdas, T. A. (2020) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/0047-2085000000286 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
de Souza, L. K., Reppold, C. T., Tavares, I., & Hutz, C. S. (2020) · Psico · doi:10.15448/1980-8623.2020.2.32939 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“The latest version of the scale is fully available for use in Brazilian-Portuguese as Escala de Autocompaixão – Versão Atualizada (Souza & Hutz, 2016d, see also Souza et al., 2016).”
MethodSelf-citationEffects of Cognitively Based Compassion Training in the outskirts: A mixed study
Kolchraiber, F. C., Tanaka, L. H., Negi, L. T., Atanes, A. C., & de Souza, K. M. J. (2022) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.5691.3531 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Self-Compassion Scale(34) A five-point Likert scale (from 1 = Almost never to 5 = Almost always) with 26 items assessing self-compassion about how people relate to themselves in difficult times.”
BackgroundInfluentialVallim, J. R. D. S., Lima, G. S., Tsuji, H. M. S., Xylaras, B. D. P., Tufik, S., Demarzo, M., & D’Almeida, V. (2023) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2023.2181179 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“The scale validated for the Portuguese version was applied and the score calculated as described in the Brazilian version: scores between 1 and 2.5 indicate low self-compassion, between 2.5 and 3.5 moderate, and above 3.5 high (de Souza and Hutz 2016).”
MethodInfluentialde Souza, F. V. S., Santos, K. D. A., & da Silva, J. P. (2024) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2024.2401952 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“In Brazil, the SCS has validation evidence for the general population, presented by Souza and Hutz (2016), with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92.”
InfluentialUma intervenção de Terapia Focada na Compaixão em Grupos Online no contexto da pandemia por COVID-19
Almeida, N. D. O., Rebessi, I. P., Szupszynski, K. P. D. R., & Neufeld, C. B. (2021) · Psico · doi:10.15448/1980-8623.2021.3.41526 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Fears of Compassion Scales: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validity Evidence for Use in Brazil
Pfeiffer, S., Pereira, N. P., & Lisbôa, C. S. D. M. (2022) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-022-00220-4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Participants in the second data collection also answered the Self-compassion Scale (Neff, 2003; Brazilian version of Souza & Hutz, 2016) and the Psychological Well-Being Scale – EBEP (Machado et al., 2013).”
dos Santos, C. P. V., Lopes, E. L., Dias, J. C. P., de Andrade, A. G. P., de Matos, C. A., & Veiga, R. T. (2021) · RAUSP Management Journal · doi:10.1108/rausp-10-2020-0247 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Costa, M. D. A., Russell, T. A., Gosmann, N. P., Gonçalves, F., Tatton‐Ramos, T., de Oliveira, F. B., & Manfro, G. G. (2023) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.12402 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Proposal and validation of a battery of the 5Cs of Positive Youth Development through sport
da Silva, M. P. P., Romano, A. R., & Peixoto, E. M. (2024) · Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) · doi:10.1590/1982-0275202441e210176 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Fabri, J. M. G., Francis, L. J., Kestenberg, C. C. F., Dolores, Í. M., Caldeira, S., McKenna, U., & Pereira, E. R. (2026) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674676.2025.2482629 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“The scale is validated for use in Brazil (Souza & Hutz, 2016).”
Machado, B. D., de Jesus, I. T. M., Manzine, P. R., Pelegrini, L. N. D. C., Cardoso, J. D. F. Z., & dos Santos‐Orlandi, A. A. (2021) · Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem · doi:10.5216/ree.v23.63826 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Uslu, B., Busching, R., & Warschburger, P. (2025) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-025-02698-2 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Koğar, E. Y., & Koğar, H. (2022) · Psihologija · doi:10.2298/psi211127015k · Cited by 3 · see citing works
de Oliveira, J., & Córdas, T. A. (2021) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2021.01.004 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Bourke, M. (2025) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911251347463 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
João, M. V. M., Demarzo, M., Yamamura, Y., de Oliveira, D. R., Salvo, V., Ramos, C. C. F., & Oliveira, F. C. (2022) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i8.30748 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“The Self-compassion scale is a valid and reliable means of assessing a positive healthy attitude toward the self when facing suffering and difficulties (Souza & Hutz, 2016).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialInvestigação das Propriedades Psicométricas da Escala de Autocompaixão em Jovens Atletas
da Silva, M. P. P., de Campos, D., Pereira, L. S. F., & Peixoto, E. M. (2022) · Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación - e Avaliação Psicológica · doi:10.21865/ridep64.3.12 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“…saber, versão italiana (Veneziani et al., 2017), francesa (Kotsou & Leys, 2016), portuguesa (Castilho & Gouveia, 2011; Castilho et al., 2015), brasileira (Souza & Hutz, 2016) e as propriedades psicométricas estimadas junto a amostra composta por adolescentes (Cunha et al., 2015; Neff et al., 2021).”
BackgroundAutocompaixão e Práticas de Espiritualidade
Camillo, G. D., Antonello, C. S., & Tomazzoni, G. C. (2022) · Administração Ensino e Pesquisa · doi:10.13058/raep.2022.v23n2.2034 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Avaliação em Psicologia Positiva: Técnicas e Medidas
Pires, J. G. (2016) · Psico-USF · doi:10.1590/1413-82712016210320 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
O papel da autocompaixão na regulação emocional: Revisão de Literatura
Medeiros, N. B., Santos, F. R. C., Gomes, D. D. S., de Sousa, L. N., & Carvalho, A. L. N. (2021) · REVISTA DE PSICOLOGIA DA UNESP · doi:10.5935/1984-9044.20210018 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Gonçalves, L. S., Angélico, A. P., de Oliveira, M. S., Kuchar, A. L., & Andrade, M. C. R. (2023) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-023-00347-y · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“This is a self-report measure that assesses self-compassion, developed by Neff (2003b), adapted and validated for use in Brazil by Souza and Hutz (2016).”
Factors Influencing Life Satisfaction in Basic Education Teachers
de Souza, L. K., Martínez, S. B. S., Gauer, G., Bataglia, P. U. R., & Hutz, C. S. (2023) · Psico-USF · doi:10.1590/1413-82712023280413 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationEmotional indicators of university students: a quasi-experimental pilot study with Hatha-Yoga
Leite, V. F., Kogien, M., Dias, T. L., Maia, M. C. W., Rézio, L. D. A., & Marcon, S. R. (2025) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.7193.4590 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Gonçalves, I. D. S. A., Campos, T. D. N., Freitas, D. M. D. O., Milagres, L. P., Aleixo, M. T., Lacerda, A. C. G. S., Moreira, T. R., Cabrini, D., de Freitas, B. G., da Silva, J. A., et al. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18030414 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“It involves an interdisciplinary team that combines scientific evidence with clinical practice knowledge, which is grounded in active listening, person-centred care, and the promotion of holistic health [36,72,73].”
Efeitos do Treinamento Cognitivo de Compaixão na quebrada: estudo misto
Kolchraiber, F. C., Tanaka, L. H., Negi, L. T., Atanes, A. C., & de Souza, K. M. J. (2022) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.5691.3575 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Palombo, P., Félix-Junior, I. J., Opaleye, E. S., Bedendo, A., & Noto, A. R. (2024) · Brazilian Journal of Health Review · doi:10.34119/bjhrv7n3-126 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Fears, Blocks, and Resistances to Compassion
Gilbert, P., Basran, J. K., & Plowright, P. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-47219-0_108 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
EFEITOS EMOCIONAIS DA AUTOCOMPAIXÃO E AUTOCRÍTICA
RIBEIRO, N. M. D. A. (2020) · doi:10.17771/pucrio.acad.50045
Kolchraiber, F. C., Tanaka, L. H., Negi, L. T., Atanes, A. C., & de Souza, K. M. J. (2022) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.5691.3574
Autocompaixão em pacientes que tiveram infarto agudo do miocárdio
Taborda, D. V., Michels, M. D. S., & de Souza, G. H. (2022) · Revista Sul-Americana de Psicologia · doi:10.29344/2318650x.1.3208
Associações entre autocompaixão e esquemas iniciais desadaptativos
Pfeiffer, S., & Pureza, J. D. R. (2022) · Psico · doi:10.15448/1980-8623.2022.1.37365
Autocriticismo, Autocompaixão e Fatores Associados na Prática de Psicoterapeutas
Oliveira, S. L. S., & Serralta, F. B. (2022) · Contextos Clínicos · doi:10.4013/ctc.2022.152.03
Kayasima, C., & Furlan, P. G. (2022) · Revista Brasileira de Qualidade de Vida · doi:10.3895/rbqv.v14n0.13430
Mostafa, W. H., Soliman, S. R., & Elliethey, N. S. (2023) · Egyptian Journal of Health Care · doi:10.21608/ejhc.2023.281271
“They see that their efforts can only be controlled by themselves and they are more self-confident in their ability, being better equipped and prepared to deal with challenges of clinical practice (De Souza & Hutz, 2016) .”
BackgroundAutocompaixão em Estudantes Universitários: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura
Pereira, M. D., & da Silva, J. P. (2023) · Psico-USF · doi:10.1590/1413-82712023280304 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Níveis de autocompaixão, regulação emocional e síndrome de burnout em professores da Educação Básica
Santos, K. D. A., de Almeida, E. S., de Souza, F. V. S., & da Silva, J. P. (2024) · Teoria e Prática da Educação · doi:10.4025/tpe.v27i1.70280
Vallim, J. R. D. S., Tsuji, H. M. S., Lima, G. S., Xylaras, B. D. P., Louzada, F. M., Tufik, S., & D’Almeida, V. (2024) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2024.2349684
“Self-compassion : assessed by the validated version for Portuguese of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) and higher scores indicate greater self-compassion (De Souza and Hutz 2016; Neff 2010).”
MethodRelação entre perfis de burnout, sentido de vida e autocompaixão em docentes
de Almeida, E. S., Santos, K. D. A., & da Silva, J. P. (2024) · PSI UNISC · doi:10.17058/psiunisc.v8i2.18574 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Fears, Blocks, and Resistances to Compassion
Gilbert, P., Basran, J. K., & Plowright, P. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-77644-2_108-1
Explorando a relação entre medidas de imagem corporal e conexão social
Ferreira, G. D., Weydmann, G. J., & Pacheco, J. T. B. (2024) · Psico · doi:10.15448/1980-8623.2024.1.41546
Santos, K. D. A., Caldas, C. M. P., & da Silva, J. P. (2024) · Educação e Pesquisa · doi:10.1590/s1678-4634202450277678 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Osmo, F., Duran, V. R., & Borri, M. M. (2024) · Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s12124-024-09886-0
“…Neff’s theory being carried out solely based on CFA (e.g., Azizi et al., 2013; Garcia-Campayo et al., 2014; Coroiu et al., 2018; Huang et al., 2022; de Souza & Hutz, 2016; Nazari et al., 2022; Petrocchi et al., 2014), and thus, her theory was “confirmed” by most studies 3 , became popular and…”
Cicuto, K. M., Noto, A. R., & Demarzo, M. (2025) · Qeios · doi:10.32388/pos2e0
Ramos, A. B., da Silva, V. S., Cardoso, D. V., & de Souza, C. G. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0324030
“Self-compassion levels: the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) will be used, with 26 items, which was developed to measure self-compassion in three components: self-judgment versus self-kindness, sense of isolation versus common humanity and hyper-identification versus mindfulness [39].”
Cicuto, K. M., Noto, A. R., & Demarzo, M. (2025) · Qeios · doi:10.32388/pos2e0.2
Leite, V. F., Kogien, M., Dias, T. L., Maia, M. C. W., Rézio, L. D. A., & Marcon, S. R. (2025) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.7193.4591
Leite, V. F., Kogien, M., Dias, T. L., Maia, M. C. W., Rézio, L. D. A., & Marcon, S. R. (2025) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.7193.4589
Evaluación de los niveles de autocompasión en estudiantes de enfermería
de Sena, S. C., de Souza, K. O. C., & Silva, M. M. S. (2025) · Cogitare Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/ce.v30i0.98290es
Assessment of self-compassion levels in nursing students
de Sena, S. C., de Souza, K. O. C., & Silva, M. M. S. (2025) · Cogitare Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/ce.v30i0.98290en
Avaliação dos níveis de autocompaixão em estudantes de enfermagem
de Sena, S. C., de Souza, K. O. C., & Silva, M. M. S. (2025) · Cogitare Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/ce.v30i0.98290pt
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autocompasión de Estado (SSCS) en adolescentes mexicanos
Hernández, J. D. J. M., de León, M. D. C. E. P., Ruíz, E. J. C., & Vázquez, V. M. V. (2026) · Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios/Mexican Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.22201/fesi.20071523e.2026.1.905
Silva, A. F. D. S., Motarelli, J. H. F., Pena, G. D. G., Penaforte, F. R. D. O., & Japúr, C. C. (2026) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-026-08520-9
“Self-compassion was measured by the Self-Compassion Scale, a self-report questionnaire translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese [ 42 ].”
da Fonseca, N. K. D. O., dos Santos, G. R., Foppa, G. T., Morelo, G. N. D. L., Santos, A. Z., Weydmann, G. J., Boaventura, B. C. B., Flint, S. W., Antunes, L. D. C., Brietzke, E. M., et al. (2026) · The Lancet Regional Health - Americas · doi:10.1016/j.lana.2026.101541
“59,60 The Other as Shamer Scale (OAS) is a scale that assesses shame, more specifically, the overall judgment of how the subject believes other people think they are perceived, with good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.82).”
InfluentialGerhardt, B. C., dos Santos, M. E., Debastiani, V. B., Werner, E. A., Monk, C., & Arteche, A. X. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1943486
- Authors
- Souza, L. K., & Hutz, C. S.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR)
- Venue
- Temas em Psicologia
- Publisher
- Associacao Brasileira de Psicologia
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 159-172
- ISSN
- 1413-389X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2340581068
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 8.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Temas em Psicologia (publishedVersion)
- Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- self-compassion, Self-Compassion Scale, scale adaptation, construct validity, Brazilian adaptation, psychometric validation, self-kindness, mindfulness, common humanity, self-judgment, over-identification, social isolation, higher-order factor structure
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
