Cited by 196Cardiac Health and Mental HealthHeart Failure Treatment and ManagementHealth Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life

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Depression-Related Costs in Heart Failure Care

Sullivan, Mark, Simon, Greg, Spertus, John, Russo, Joan·2002·Archives of Internal Medicine

DOI 10.1001/archinte.162.16.1860

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Behavioral factors may play a role in heart failure (HF) care costs by increasing hospital readmission rates. This study sought to estimate the effect of depression on health care costs for patients hospitalized for HF. METHODS: A 3-year retrospective cohort study of a staff-model health maintenance organization. Following a first hospitalization with a primary diagnosis of HF, 1098 health maintenance organization patients were evaluated. Median annualized health care costs for 3 depression groups were identified: (1) no depression (n = 672; cost, $7474), (2) antidepressant prescription only (n = 312; cost, $11 012), and (3) antidepressant prescription and depression diagnosis recorded (n = 114; cost, $9550). Depression and HF status were determined through diagnostic, laboratory, and pharmacy records. Actual utilization and cost values were derived from administrative data. RESULTS: After adjusting for age, sex, medical comorbidity, and length of stay at index hospitalization (as proxy for HF severity), costs were 26% higher in the antidepressant prescription only group and 29% higher in the antidepressant prescription and depression diagnosis recorded group when compared with the no depression group (both P<.001). Increased inpatient and outpatient utilization contributed to the increased costs. CONCLUSION: Costs of care for patients hospitalized for HF are significantly higher for patients with evidence of depression.

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Authors: Sullivan, M., Simon, G., Spertus, J., & Russo, J.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
Group Health Cooperative (US)
ORCID: Sullivan, Mark
Spertus, John
Russo, Joan
Venue: Archives of Internal Medicine
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2002-09-09
Volume: 162
Issue: 16
Pages: 1860
ISSN: 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archinte.162.16.1860
OpenAlex: W2020763134
Cited by: 196
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 5.46
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5k01mh001351-05)
National Institute of Mental Health (K01 MH 01351)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Keywords: depression, heart failure, health care costs, hospital readmission, antidepressant prescribing, health maintenance organizations, inpatient utilization, outpatient care utilization, behavioral risk factors
MeSH terms: Aged, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Female, Health Maintenance Organizations, Health Services, Heart Failure, Hospitalization, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Primary Health Care, Retrospective Studies, United States, Cohort Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Health Care Costs

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Depression-Related Costs in Heart Failure Care

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