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Cited by 1,513Cardiac Health and Mental HealthHeart Failure Treatment and ManagementMental Health Treatment and Access

Depression in heart failure

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Rutledge, Thomas, Reis, Veronica A., Linke, Sarah E., Greenberg, Barry H., Mills, Paul J.·2006·Journal of the American College of Cardiology
DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.06.055
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Abstract

This article describes a meta-analysis of published associations between depression and heart failure (HF) in regard to 3 questions: 1) What is the prevalence of depression among patients with HF? 2) What is the magnitude of the relationship between depression and clinical outcomes in the HF population? 3) What is the evidence for treatment effectiveness in reducing depression in HF patients? Key word searches of the Medline and PsycInfo databases, as well as reference searches in published HF and depression articles, identified 36 publications meeting our criteria. Clinically significant depression was present in 21.5% of HF patients, and varied by the use of questionnaires versus diagnostic interview (33.6% and 19.3%, respectively) and New York Heart Association-defined HF severity (11% in class I vs. 42% in class IV), among other factors. Combined results suggested higher rates of death and secondary events (risk ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.7 to 2.6), trends toward increased health care use, and higher rates of hospitalization and emergency room visits among depressed patients. Treatment studies generally relied on small samples, but also suggested depression symptom reductions from a variety of interventions. In sum, clinically significant depression is present in at least 1 in 5 patients with HF; however, depression rates can be much higher among patients screened with questionnaires or with more advanced HF. The relationship between depression and poorer HF outcomes is consistent and strong across multiple end points. These findings reinforce the importance of psychosocial research in HF populations and identify a number of areas for future study.

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  • A 2006 meta-analysis of 36 studies determined that approximately 22% of CHF patients are diagnosed with 'clinically significant' depression.

    “A 2006 meta‐analysis of 36 studies determined that ~22% of CHF patients are diagnosed with ‘clinically significant’ depression. 92”

    From Prioritizing symptom management in the treatment of chronic heart failure (2020) · cites this paper as [92]

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Authors
Rutledge, T., Reis, V. A., Linke, S. E., Greenberg, B. H., & Mills, P. J.
Affiliations
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • University of Southern California (US)
  • San Diego State University (US)
Corresponding author
Rutledge, Thomas
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-10
Volume
48
Issue
8
Pages
1527-1537
ISSN
0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jacc.2006.06.055
OpenAlex
W2132965853
Cited by
1,513
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 45 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 77 · 2020: 85 · 2019: 103 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 94 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 83 · 2013: 78 · 2012: 92
FWCI
7.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
depression, heart failure, depression prevalence, clinical outcomes, mortality, hospitalization, health care utilization, depression treatment, psychosocial factors, NYHA functional class
MeSH terms
Cardiac Output, Low, Depression, Health Services, Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Prevalence, Treatment Outcome

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