Cited by 820Treatment of Major DepressionMental Health Treatment and AccessAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Epidemiology and treatment of depression in patients with chronic medical illness

Open access
J. Katon, Wayne.·2011·Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience

Abstract

There is a bidirectional relationship between depression and chronic medical disorders. The adverse health risk behaviors and psychobiological changes associated with depression increase the risk for chronic medical disorders, and biological changes and complications associated with chronic medical disorders may precipitate depressive episodes. Comorbid depression is associated with increased medical symptom burden, functional impairment, medical costs, poor adherence to self-care regimens, and increased risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic medical disorders. Depression may worsen the course of medical disorders because of its effect on proinflammatory factors, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, autonomic nervous system, and metabolic factors, in addition to being associated with a higher risk of obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and poor adherence to medical regimens. Both evidence-based psychotherapies and antidepressant medication are efficacious treatments for depression. Collaborative depression care has been shown to be an effective way to deliver these treatments to large primary care populations with depression and chronic medical illness.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.31887/dcns.2011.13.1/wkaton

Cites

147 of 147 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Emotional difficulties are associated with greater disability, barriers to treatment, and poorer self-management of disease or disability.

    “are associated with greater disability, barriers to treatment, and poorer self-management of disease or disability (Katon, 2011).”

    From Attachment insecurity predicts outcomes in an ACT-CBT group therapy for adults in a physical rehabilitation centre (2022) · cites this paper as Katon, 2011

    The Functional impairment and Adherence to self-care sections associate depression in patients with chronic medical illness with greater disability and poorer self-management. The Patient-physician relationship section describes delayed or missed visits and poorer communication, which can be barriers to treatment. The claim broadens these findings from depression in chronic medical illness to emotional difficulties and disease or disability generally. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Depressed individuals may be at risk for functional decline due to poor self-care, including poor nutritional intake and disengagement from daily activities.

    “Depressed individuals may be at risk for functional decline due to poor self-care, including poor nutritional intake and disengagement from daily activities. (Katon 2011)”
  • Sterile inflammatory diseases such as these have a high comorbidity with major depressive disorders.

    “sterile inflammatory diseases such as these also have a high comorbidity with MDDs (Katon, 2011).”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
J. Katon, W.
Affiliations
Professor and Vice-Chair, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
Venue
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
Published
2011-03-31
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
7-23
ISSN
  • 1294-8322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1958-5969
OpenAlex
W2121530613
Cited by
820
References
146
Citations by year
2026: 38 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 64 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 26
FWCI
26.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (K08MH069741, K-24 MH069741)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
depression, chronic disease, comorbidities, bidirectional relationship, inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, autonomic nervous system, obesity, smoking, medication adherence, psychotherapy, antidepressants, collaborative care, primary care, functional disability, health care costs
MeSH terms
Chronic Disease, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Heart Diseases, Humans, Models, Biological, Physician-Patient Relations, Risk Factors, Self Care, Comorbidity

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review