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Cited by 219Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ResearchMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationMyofascial pain diagnosis and treatment

Group Exercise, Education, and Combination Self-management in Women With Fibromyalgia<subtitle>A Randomized Trial</subtitle>

Rooks, Daniel S.·2007·Archives of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.1001/archinte.167.20.2192
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Self-management has increasingly been recommended as part of standard care for fibromyalgia, a common, poorly understood condition with limited treatment options. Data that assess popular self-management recommendations are scarce. We evaluated and compared the effectiveness of 4 common self-management treatments on function, symptoms, and self-efficacy in women with fibromyalgia. METHODS: A total of 207 women with confirmed fibromyalgia were recruited from September 16, 2002, through November 30, 2004, and randomly assigned to 16 weeks of (1) aerobic and flexibility exercise (AE); (2) strength training, aerobic, and flexibility exercise (ST); (3) the Fibromyalgia Self-Help Course (FSHC); or (4) a combination of ST and FSHC (ST-FSHC). The primary outcome was change in physical function from baseline to completion of the intervention. Secondary outcomes included social and emotional function, symptoms, and self-efficacy. RESULTS: Improvements in the mean Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire score in the 4 groups were -12.7 for the ST-FSHC group, -8.2 for the AE group, -6.6 for the ST group, and -0.3 for the FSHC group. The ST-FSHC group demonstrated greater improvement than the FSHC group (mean difference, -12.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], -23.1 to -1.7). The ST-FSHC (mean difference, 13.6; 95% CI, 2.3 to 24.9) and AE (mean difference, 13.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 25.6) groups had similar improvements in physical function scores on the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey. Bodily pain scores on the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey improved in the ST-FSHC (14.8), AE (13.2), and ST (5.7) groups. Social function, mental health, fatigue, depression, and self-efficacy also improved. The beneficial effect on physical function of exercise alone and in combination with education persisted at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Progressive walking, simple strength training movements, and stretching activities improve functional status, key symptoms, and self-efficacy in women with fibromyalgia actively being treated with medication. The benefits of exercise are enhanced when combined with targeted self-management education. Our findings suggest that appropriate exercise and patient education be included in the treatment of fibromyalgia.

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Authors
Rooks, D. S.
Corresponding author
Rooks, Daniel S.
ORCID
Rooks, Daniel S.
Venue
Archives of Internal Medicine
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2007-11-12
Volume
167
Issue
20
Pages
2192
ISSN
0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/archinte.167.20.2192
OpenAlex
W2013647303
Cited by
219
References
55
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 18
FWCI
11.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5k23ar048305-04, RR 01032)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (P60AR047782, P60-AR47782, K23 AR 48305, K24AR002123, R03AR047398, K24-AR02123)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR 01032, M01RR001032)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Myofascial pain diagnosis and treatment
Keywords
fibromyalgia, self-management, resistance training, aerobic exercise, flexibility training, patient education, physical function, pain, self-efficacy, women, fatigue, depression, social function, health-related quality of life, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, SF-36, stretching
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Exercise Therapy, Female, Fibromyalgia, Humans, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic, Self Care, Treatment Outcome

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