The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Nut Consumption and Blood Lipid Levels: A Pooled Analysis of 25 Intervention Trials
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have consistently associated nut consumption with reduced risk for coronary heart disease. Subsequently, many dietary intervention trials investigated the effects of nut consumption on blood lipid levels. The objectives of this study were to estimate the effects of nut consumption on blood lipid levels and to examine whether different factors modify the effects. METHODS: We pooled individual primary data from 25 nut consumption trials conducted in 7 countries among 583 men and women with normolipidemia and hypercholesterolemia who were not taking lipid-lowering medications. In a pooled analysis, we used mixed linear models to assess the effects of nut consumption and the potential interactions. RESULTS: With a mean daily consumption of 67 g of nuts, the following estimated mean reductions were achieved: total cholesterol concentration (10.9 mg/dL [5.1% change]), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (LDL-C) (10.2 mg/dL [7.4% change]), ratio of LDL-C to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (HDL-C) (0.22 [8.3% change]), and ratio of total cholesterol concentration to HDL-C (0.24 [5.6% change]) (P < .001 for all) (to convert all cholesterol concentrations to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259). Triglyceride levels were reduced by 20.6 mg/dL (10.2%) in subjects with blood triglyceride levels of at least 150 mg/dL (P < .05) but not in those with lower levels (to convert triglyceride level to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0113). The effects of nut consumption were dose related, and different types of nuts had similar effects on blood lipid levels. The effects of nut consumption were significantly modified by LDL-C, body mass index, and diet type: the lipid-lowering effects of nut consumption were greatest among subjects with high baseline LDL-C and with low body mass index and among those consuming Western diets. CONCLUSION: Nut consumption improves blood lipid levels in a dose-related manner, particularly among subjects with higher LDL-C or with lower BMI.
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“Evidence supports that adults with elevated cholesterol exhibit larger cholesterol reductions in response to targeted dietary intervention [51,52].”
In the citing paper
“Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have shown reductions in LDL-C of 7% for nuts at a median dose of 67 g/d, 33”
From Portfolio Dietary Pattern and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials (2018) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have shown beneficial effects of plant sterols, 38,39 viscous fibres, 37,40,41 plant proteins, 34 and nuts 33,42,43 on the established alternate lipid targets, non-HDL-C and apoB, and other blood lipids including TC and TG.”
From Portfolio Dietary Pattern and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials (2018) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“In clinical trials nuts improve serum lipids (209) (210,211).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [210]
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Items 401–421 of 421
Rehm, C. D. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_132-1
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THE HEALTH BENEFITS OF REGULAR NUT CONSUMPTION
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Genetic modifiers of the Portfolio Diet Score and LDL cholesterol in young adults
Chen, V., Chiavaroli, L., Glenn, A. J., Kavanagh, M. E., Zeitoun, T., Kendall, C. W. C., Jenkins, D., Mahdavi, S. M., El‐Sohemy, A., & Sievenpiper, J. L. (2026) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104797
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“…from intervention trials have shown that nuts lower TC, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/ HDL-C ratios, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and triglycerides (Sabaté et al. 2010; Del Gobbo et al. 2015), particularly among those with lower BMI or higher LDL-C at baseline (Sabaté et al. 2010), by shifting…”
Chiriac, G., Barnes, S. R., Venezia, J. H., Lee, G. J., Sabaté, J., & Rajaram, S. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1817518
“We previously reported that the LDL-C–lowering effects of nuts are attenuated in individuals with obesity (37), suggesting that excess adiposity may influence responsiveness to nut-derived bioactive compounds.”
Fatty Acid Composition and Oxidative Changes in Pecan and Walnut Oils from Eastern Europe
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Song, W., Beun, S., Choi, J., & Shin, Y. (2026) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.71088
Wpływ orzechów i migdałów na zdrowie
Traczyk, I., Godlewska, M., & Surwiłło, A. (2014) · Żywienie Człowieka i Metabolizm
Metadata
- Authors
- Sabaté, J.
- Affiliations
- Loma Linda University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sabaté, Joan
- ORCID
- Sabaté, Joan
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2010-05-10
- Volume
- 170
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 821
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2134454487
- Cited by
- 422
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 30.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Keywords
- nut consumption, serum lipids, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, hypercholesterolemia, coronary artery disease, dose-response relationship, body mass index, Western diet, dietary intervention, hypolipidemic effect
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cholesterol, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Nuts, Triglycerides, Linear Models
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