Association of Serum Docosahexaenoic Acid With Cerebral Amyloidosis
Open accessAbstract
IMPORTANCE: Higher dietary intake of the essential fatty acid docosahexaenoic (DHA) has been associated with better cognitive performance in several epidemiological studies. Animal and in vitro studies also indicate that DHA prevents amyloid deposition in the brain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between serum DHA levels, cerebral amyloidosis, and the volumes of brain areas affected by Alzheimer disease. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional analysis of serum DHA levels together with measures of amyloid deposition (Pittsburgh Compound B index), brain volumes, and neuropsychological testing scores from 61 participants in the Aging Brain Study. The study was conducted between June 2008 and May 2013, and the data were analyzed between October 2015 and April 2016. Linear models were adjusted for age, sex, years of education, and apolipoprotein E status. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Serum DHA levels with cerebral amyloidosis measured using PIB PET. RESULTS: Samples were available from 61 Aging Brain Study participants (41 women and 20 men) who underwent amyloid PET imaging. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 77 (6) years and ranged from 67 to 88 years. Serum DHA levels (percentage of total fatty acids) were 23% lower in participants with cerebral amyloidosis than those without (0.97 vs 1.25, P = .007) and were inversely correlated with brain amyloid load (r = -0.32, P = .01) independent of age, sex, apolipoprotein E genotype, and years of education. Moreover, greater serum DHA levels were positively associated with brain volume in several subregions affected by AD, in particular the left subiculum (r = 0.38, P = .005) and the left entorhinal volumes (r = 0.51, P = .001). Serum DHA levels were also associated with nonverbal memory scores (r = 0.28, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, serum DHA levels were associated with pathogenesis of cerebral amyloidosis and with preservation of entorhinal and hippocampal volumes. These findings suggest an important role for DHA metabolism in brain amyloid deposition during the preclinical or early symptomatic stages of Alzheimer disease.
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Lower serum DHA levels are associated with an increase in cerebral amyloidosis in healthy older adults, whereas a high DHA level is associated with preservation of brain volume.
“Lower serum DHA levels have also been associated with an increase in cerebral amyloidosis (build-up of protein deposits called amyloids) in healthy older adults, whereas a high DHA level has been associated with preservation of brain volume [76].”
From Role of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human nutrition and health: Review of recent studies and recommendations (2021) · cites this paper as [76]
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- Authors
- Yassine, H. N., Feng, Q., Azizkhanian, I., Rawat, V., Castor, K., Fonteh, A. N., Harrington, M. G., Zheng, L., Reed, B. R., DeCarli, C., Jagust, W. J., & Chui, H. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yassine, Hussein N.
- ORCID
- Venue
- JAMA Neurology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2016-10-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1208
- ISSN
- 2168-6149 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2496989351
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 15.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- docosahexaenoic acid, cerebral amyloidosis, Alzheimer's disease, serum fatty acids, amyloid PET, Pittsburgh compound B, brain volume, entorhinal cortex, subiculum, hippocampus, nonverbal memory, preclinical Alzheimer's disease, omega-3 fatty acids, brain aging, apolipoprotein E, cognitive performance
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Amyloidosis, Aniline Compounds, Brain Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Female, Humans, Male, Thiazoles, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Positron-Emission Tomography
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