Functional connectivities in the brain that mediate the association between depressive problems and sleep quality
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Importance: Depression is associated with poor sleep quality. Understanding the neural connectivity that underlies both conditions and mediates the association between them is likely to lead to better-directed treatments for depression and associated sleep problems. Objective: To identify the brain areas that mediate the association of depressive symptoms with poor sleep quality and advance understanding of the differences in brain connectivity in depression. Design, Setting, and Participants: This study collected data from participants in the Human Connectome Project using the Adult Self-report of Depressive Problems portion of the Achenbach Adult Self-Report for Ages 18-59, a survey of self-reported sleep quality, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Cross-validation of the sleep findings was conducted in 8718 participants from the UK Biobank. Main Outcomes and Measures: Correlations between functional connectivity, scores on the Adult Self-Report of Depressive Problems, and sleep quality. Results: A total of 1017 participants from the Human Connectome Project (of whom 546 [53.7%] were female; age range, 22 to 35 years) drawn from a general population in the United States were included. The Depressive Problems score was positively correlated with poor sleep quality (r = 0.371; P < .001). A total of 162 functional connectivity links involving areas associated with sleep, such as the precuneus, anterior cingulate cortex, and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, were identified. Of these links, 39 were also associated with the Depressive Problems scores. The brain areas with increased functional connectivity associated with both sleep and Depressive Problems scores included the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior and posterior cingulate cortices, insula, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala, temporal cortex, and precuneus. A mediation analysis showed that these functional connectivities underlie the association of the Depressive Problems score with poor sleep quality (β = 0.0139; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance: The implication of these findings is that the increased functional connectivity between these brain regions provides a neural basis for the association between depression and poor sleep quality. An important finding was that the Depressive Problems scores in this general population were correlated with functional connectivities between areas, including the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, precuneus, angular gyrus, and temporal cortex. The findings have implications for the treatment of depression and poor sleep quality.
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Cheng et al. specifically highlighted the functional connectivity between the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, precuneus, angular gyrus, and temporal cortex as important in mediating the connection between sleep and depressed mood.
“They specifically highlighted the functional connectivity between the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, precuneus, angular gyrus, and temporal cortex as important in mediating the connection between sleep and depressed mood.”
From Towards an Integrative Account of Potential Mechanisms Mediating the Path From Sleep Dysfunction to Hallucinations (2025) · cites this paper as [53]
A study by Cheng et al. reported that functionally connected networks mediate the association between depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality.
“For instance, a study by Cheng et al. 53 reported that functionally connected networks mediate the association between depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality.”
From Towards an Integrative Account of Potential Mechanisms Mediating the Path From Sleep Dysfunction to Hallucinations (2025) · cites this paper as [53]
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- Authors
- Cheng, W., Rolls, E. T., Ruan, H., & Feng, J.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University (CN)
- University of Warwick (GB)
- Fudan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Feng, Jianfeng
- Venue
- JAMA Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2018-10-01
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1052
- ISSN
- 2168-622X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6233808
- OpenAlex
- W2883568376
- Cited by
- 291
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 12.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai
- Medical Research Council (MC_PC_17228)
- Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- depression, sleep quality, functional connectivity, resting-state functional connectivity, mediation analysis, lateral orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, insula, amygdala, hippocampus, temporal cortex, general adult population, Human Connectome Project, UK Biobank
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amygdala, Depression, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Parietal Lobe, Sleep Wake Disorders, Prefrontal Cortex, Parahippocampal Gyrus, Young Adult, Connectome
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