The climatic effects of modifying cirrus clouds in a climate engineering framework
Open accessAbstract
The climatic effects of climate engineering—or geoengineering—via cirrus cloud thinning are examined. Thinner cirrus clouds can allow more outgoing longwave radiation to escape to space, potentially cooling the climate. The cloud properties and climatic effects due to perturbing the ice crystal fall speed are investigated in a set of hemispheric scale sensitivity experiments with the Community Earth System Model. It is found that increasing the ice crystal fall speed, as an analog to cirrus cloud seeding, depletes high‐level clouds and reduces the longwave cloud forcing. Deliberate depletion of cirrus clouds increases outgoing longwave radiation, reduces the upper tropospheric water vapor, and cools the climate. Global cirrus cloud thinning gave a net cloud forcing change of −1.55 W m −2 and a global annual mean temperature change of −0.94 K. Though there is negligible change in the global annual mean precipitation (−0.001 mm/d), the spatially nonhomogeneous forcing induces circulation changes and hence remote climate changes. Climate engineering the Southern Hemisphere only results in a northward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and possible Sahelian drought alleviation, while targeting the Northern Hemisphere alone causes a greater cooling. It was found that targeting cirrus clouds everywhere outside of the tropics results in changes to the circulation and precipitation even in the nonclimate engineered regions, underscoring the risks of remote side effects and indeed the complexity of the climate system.
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Aerosols used in solar geoengineering may impact cirrus cloud formation once they descend into the upper troposphere.
“Aerosols used in SG may impact cirrus cloud formation once they descend into the upper troposphere 37,38 .”
From Experimental reaction rates constrain estimates of ozone response to calcium carbonate geoengineering (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
The Introduction says that introducing ice nuclei can alter cirrus-cloud formation and separately identifies stratospheric sulfur injections as a solar radiation management method. It does not say that aerosols used for solar geoengineering descend into the upper troposphere or affect cirrus formation after doing so. The Experiment Design section describes upper-tropospheric ice nuclei as a proposed cirrus-seeding mechanism, not as descending solar-geoengineering aerosols. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Muri, H., Kristjánsson, J. E., Storelvmo, T., & Pfeffer, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Oslo (NO)
- Yale University (US)
- Icelandic Meteorological Office (IS)
- Corresponding author
- Muri, H.
- Venue
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2014-04-09
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 4174-4191
- ISSN
- 0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
- 2169-897X
- 2169-8996
- OpenAlex
- W2027997491
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 4.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (publishedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Norges Forskningsråd
- Seventh Framework Programme
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Geoengineering
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Keywords
- cirrus cloud thinning, solar geoengineering, longwave cloud forcing, outgoing longwave radiation, upper tropospheric water vapor, global cooling, Intertropical Convergence Zone, Sahelian drought, atmospheric circulation changes, precipitation change, geoengineering risks
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