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Liquid Crystalline Elastomers as Actuators and Sensors
Abstract
This review collects recent developments in the field of liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) with an emphasis on their use for actuator and sensor applications. Several synthetic pathways leading to crosslinked liquid crystalline polymers are discussed and how these materials can be oriented into liquid crystalline monodomains are described. By comparing the actuating properties of different systems, general structure-property relationships for LCEs are obtained. In the final section, how these materials can be turned into usable devices using different interdisciplinary techniques are described.
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“The SMPs discussed in Section 2 and related soft robots are generally manufactured through standard fabrication techniques, such as shape extrusion, injection molding, laser cutting, or soft lithography [34,173,174].”
From Two-Way and Multiple-Way Shape Memory Polymers for Soft Robotics: An Overview (2020) · cites this paper as [173]
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Ahn, S., Deshmukh, P. H., Gopinadhan, M., Osuji, C. O., & Kasi, R. M. (2011) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn200211c · Cited by 74
Biocompatible liquid-crystal elastomers mimic the intervertebral disc
Shaha, R. K., Merkel, D. R., Anderson, M. P., Devereaux, E. J., Patel, R. R., Torbati, A. H. H. N., Willett, N. J., Yakacki, C. M., & Frick, C. P. (2020) · Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103757 · Cited by 73
Shape Morphing of 3D Printed Liquid Crystal Elastomer Structures with Precuts
Wang, L., Wei, Z., Xu, Z., Yu, Q., Wu, Z. L., Wang, Z., Qian, J. W., & Xiao, R. (2023) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.3c01335 · Cited by 75
Anisotropic Colloidal Micromuscles from Liquid Crystal Elastomers
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Prévôt, M. E., Üstünel, Ş., & Hegmann, E. (2018) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma11030377 · Cited by 76
“Only non-LC elastomers have been used and tested in vivo [39,126].”
BackgroundMethodLiquid crystal elastomer shell actuators with negative order parameter
Jampani, V. S. R., Volpe, R. H., Sousa, K. R. D., Machado, J. F., Yakacki, C. M., & Lagerwall, J. P. F. (2019) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw2476 · Cited by 73
Saidi, M., Dabbaghi, A., & Rahmani, S. (2019) · Polymer Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s00289-019-02948-z · Cited by 72
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ohm, C., Brehmer, M., & Zentel, R.
- Affiliations
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Zentel, Rudolf
- Venue
- Advanced Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-08-04
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 31
- Pages
- 3366-3387
- ISSN
- 0935-9648 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-4095
- OpenAlex
- W2045022361
- Cited by
- 1,169
- References
- 142
- Citations by year
- 2026: 55 · 2025: 100 · 2024: 86 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 98 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 100 · 2018: 90 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 50
- FWCI
- 8.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advanced Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Liquid Crystal Research Advancements
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Dielectric materials and actuators
- Keywords
- liquid crystal elastomers, actuators, sensors, polymer orientation, structure-property relationships, smart materials
- MeSH terms
- Chemistry Techniques, Analytical, Elasticity, Structure-Activity Relationship, Elastomers, Biomimetics, Liquid Crystals, Analytic Sample Preparation Methods
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