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Association of chemosensory dysfunction and COVID‐19 in patients presenting with influenza‐like symptoms
Open accessAbstract
Background: Rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and concern for viral transmission by ambulatory patients with minimal to no symptoms underline the importance of identifying early or subclinical symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection. Two such candidate symptoms include anecdotally reported loss of smell and taste. Understanding the timing and association of smell/taste loss in COVID‐19 may help facilitate screening and early isolation of cases. Methods: A single‐institution, cross‐sectional study evaluating patient‐reported symptoms with a focus on smell and taste was conducted using an internet‐based platform on adult subjects who underwent testing for COVID‐19. Logistic regression was employed to identify symptoms associated with COVID‐19 positivity. Results: A total of 1480 patients with influenza‐like symptoms underwent COVID‐19 testing between March 3, 2020, and March 29, 2020. Our study captured 59 of 102 (58%) COVID‐19–positive patients and 203 of 1378 (15%) COVID‐19–negative patients. Smell and taste loss were reported in 68% (40/59) and 71% (42/59) of COVID‐19–positive subjects, respectively, compared to 16% (33/203) and 17% (35/203) of COVID‐19–negative patients ( p < 0.001). Smell and taste impairment were independently and strongly associated with COVID‐19 positivity (anosmia: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 10.9; 95% CI, 5.08‐23.5; ageusia: aOR 10.2; 95% CI, 4.74‐22.1), whereas sore throat was associated with COVID‐19 negativity (aOR 0.23; 95% CI, 0.11‐0.50). Of patients who reported COVID‐19–associated loss of smell, 74% (28/38) reported resolution of anosmia with clinical resolution of illness. Conclusion: In ambulatory individuals with influenza‐like symptoms, chemosensory dysfunction was strongly associated with COVID‐19 infection and should be considered when screening symptoms. Most will recover chemosensory function within weeks, paralleling resolution of other disease‐related symptoms.
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“a symptom more specific to COVID‐19 infection is loss of taste and smell, in which loss of taste, or dysgeusia, occurs in approximately 88.8% of cases.”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [297]
In the citing paper
“recovery from COVID-related anosmia often occurs over weeks (11, 17, 18)”
From Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia (2020) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Any reasonable pathophysiological mechanism for COVID-19-associated anosmia must account for the high penetrance of smell disorders relative to endemic viruses (12, 91, 92), the apparent suddenness of smell loss that can precede the development of other symptoms (11, 13), and the transient nature of dysfunction in many patients (11, 17, 18); definitive identification of the disease mechanisms”
From Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia (2020) · cites this paper as [18]
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Cites
Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19
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- Giacomelli A, Self‐reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients: a cross‐sectional study, Clin Infect Dis
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“The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread at an exponential rate.[3]”
Covid Olfactory Dysfunction Model
Викторович, С. С., & Kazantsev, V. (2023) · International Conference Neurotechnologies and Neurointerfaces (CNN) · doi:10.1109/cnn59923.2023.10275264 · Cited by 1
“Yan et al. [16] investigated the link between chemosensory dysfunction, including anosmia, and COVID-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms.”
BackgroundPokala, U., Potnuru, S., Kanapalli, S., Sailesh, A. V., & Naveen, P. (2024) · International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1777419 · Cited by 1
“13 The pathophysiology of OD is unclear.”
Maximizing Participation in Olfactory Training in a Sample with Post-COVID-19 Olfactory Loss
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“…by two weeks for 95% of patients, with mean recovery of 9 days [8], with most patients regaining their sense of smell within 14 days of resolution of COVID-19 infection (72.6% within 8 days), and only 3.3% of the cases with hyposmia, and 3.4% with anosmia, took more than 15 days [3,9–12].”
BackgroundInfluentialPredictors of Mortality and Neurological Complications in a Large Cohort of Patients With COVID-19
Choghakabodi, P. M., Hosseinzadeh, M., Dehkordi, N. Y., Pouladzadeh, M., & Shalilahmadi, D. (2024) · The Neurologist · doi:10.1097/nrl.0000000000000593 · Cited by 1
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“Another clinical meta analytic study based on 31 papers from China (n, 21) and other countries (n, 10) and including 46959 COVID-19 patients was reported by Cao [75].”
BackgroundNeurological Complications Related With COVID-19
Barut, B. Ö. (2020) · Southern Clinics of Istanbul Eurasia · doi:10.14744/scie.2020.78557 · Cited by 1
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COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND CHALLENGES IT POSES TO OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGISTS
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“otorhinolaryngological symptoms should be detected (9), to be described, summarised and adopted in the relevant guidelines after careful expert discussions at national level.”
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Advances in the bioinspired olfactory sensing technology for screening of olfactory dysfunction
Zhuang, L., Liu, M., Jiang, N., Wei, X., Pan, Y., Yu, Y., & Wang, P. (2020) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/tb-2020-0622 · Cited by 1
COVID-19 and neurological symptoms: is the SARS-CoV-2 virus neurotropic?
Hess, D. C., Rutkowski, E. K., Morgan, J., & McCluskey, L. P. (2020) · PubMed · Cited by 1
Frecuencia de disfunción olfatoria en mujeres embarazadas con infección por SARS-CoV-2
Carranza‐Lira, S., García-Espinosa, M., & Moreno-Alvarez, O. (2021) · Gaceta Médica de México · doi:10.24875/gmm.20000696 · Cited by 1
von Sneidern, M., Lehmann, A. E., Jafari, A., Vlasakov, I., Shen, S. A., Goss, D., & Bleier, B. S. (2021) · Otolaryngology · doi:10.1177/01945998211041933 · Cited by 1
Olfactory and Taste Dysfunction in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Juvekar, M., & Sarkar, B. (2021) · Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery · doi:10.1007/s12070-021-02871-8 · Cited by 1
Loss of Smell and Taste as Clinical Onset of COVID-19
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Frequency of olfactory dysfunction in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection
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“Other researchers discovered that patients with OD had a less serious systemic inflammatory response and pulmonary infiltration.(41) They speculated that SARS-CoV-2 causes a local inflammatory response in the olfactory epithelium, and this process prevents the propagation of the virus to the lower respiratory tract.”
BackgroundPrevalence of Olfactory Dysfuntion in SARS-COV-2 Positive Patients
Gaffoor, N., Maharaj, S., Hari, K. R., & Motakef, S. (2021) · Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery · doi:10.1007/s12070-021-02954-6 · Cited by 1
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Neurological aspects of COVID-19
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Rodríguez, E. M. R., de Torres, L. Á. P., González-Lama, J., Jiménez-García, C., Jiménez, R., Gonzalez-Bernal, J. J., Rodríguez-Fernández, P., Mielgo‐Ayuso, J., Santamaría‐Peláez, M., & González‐Santos, J. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11010243 · Cited by 1
“A US-based study, which evaluated both COVID-19 positive and negative patients but with flu-like symptoms, reported loss of smell and taste in 68% and 71% of COVID-19 positive subjects and in 16% and 17% of negative patients; finding statistically significant chemosensory differences in positive cases for COVID-19 com…”
BackgroundSmell and Taste Disorders Associated with COVID-19
Малец, Е. Л., Сиваков, А. П., Аленикова, О. А., Pashkevich, S. G., & Малец, В. Л. (2021) · Оториноларингология Восточная Европа · doi:10.34883/pi.2020.10.4.051 · Cited by 1
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Prevalence of anosmia in coronavirus disease 2019-confirmed cases
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“However, in a more detailed study; female gender, lower average age, higher BMI, previous history of loss of smell and preexisting allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis were suggested to be important predictors of smell loss during COVID-19 infection [6,20-23].”
BackgroundTerapia de rehabilitacion olfatoria en pacientes con sindrome pos-COVID-19
Angeletti, E. M. (2023) · Evidencia actualizacion en la práctica ambulatoria · doi:10.51987/evidencia.v26i2.7036 · Cited by 1
Olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 pandemic and its long-term outcome
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Prevalence of Anosmia and Ageusia in Patients with COVID-19 at a Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar
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Abdulrahman, A., AlBastaki, A., AlAwadhi, A. I., Alwazaan, A., & AlQahtani, M. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.12.07.20244681 · Cited by 1
“The disease symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, myalgias, fatigue, loss of smell and taste [6].”
BackgroundBarriers to accessing healthcare in patients with olfactory and gustatory disordersPreprint
Ball, S. G., Boak, D., Dixon, J., Carrie, S., & Philpott, C. M. (2020) · doi:10.22541/au.159285606.60833639 · Cited by 1
Survey of COVID-19 associated symptoms and reported deaths in an urban community in Kano, NigeriaPreprint
Shahani, D. P., Farouq, Z. S., Galadima, H. I., Khare, A., & Ravi, N. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.06.14.21258236 · Cited by 1
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“SARS-CoV-2 invades cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors, reportedly expressed—although not fully substantiated—in endothelial cells of brain vessels, nerves, and muscles, facilitating potential CNS and PNS entry.(38) Macrophages also express ACE2 receptors that may carry the virus into…”
BackgroundCAN TOPICAL NASAL STEROID PREVENT the LOSS of SMELL in COVID-19?Preprint
Timurkaan, M., & Yıldırım, Y. S. S. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-672443/v1 · Cited by 1
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“…for example, in New York, USA, 33% experienced anosmia, and 50% ageusia (Sehanobish et al., 2021); in California, USA, 68% anosmia, 71% ageusia (Yan et al., 2020); and in Brazil, 67% anosmia, 70% ageusia (Sampaio Rocha-Filho et al., 2022) (no data are available for Poland, the location of the…”
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“New York had the highest volume of “loss of smell”, and served as the index state for the some of the cardinal symptoms, and instead was a sign of early infection in some patients [6].”
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Uncommon Presentation of COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients: Anosmia
Dağlı, H. Y., Akcan, Ö. M., Pekcan, S., Gençeli, M., Özdemir, H. S., Uğurlu, B., Özbek, Ü. S., Parlatan, H., Akın, F., Yazar, A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1723974
Solitary Anosmia/Ageusia in Prison: Results From a COVID-19 Cluster
Gwathney, J. K., & CAPT, U. S. P. H. S. (2021) · Journal of Correctional Health Care · doi:10.1089/jchc.20.05.0044
“The Federal Bureau of Prisons has implemented screenings of detainees and inmates with temperature checks, symptom screens (to include loss/change in RESULTS FROM A COVID-19 CLUSTER taste or smell), and rapid SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing as of mid-May 2020 (Federal Bureau of Prisons, 2020).”
InfluentialShanab, A., Sofia, D. B., & Aldieb, E. (2021) · Khalij-Libya Journal of Dental and Medical Research · doi:10.47705/kjdmr.215110
Self-reported olfactory function according to the severity of COVID-19
Saatçi, Ö., Altundağ, A., Şanlı, D. E. T., Şanlı, A. N., Adıyeke, E., IŞIK, A., Düz, Ö. A., Yiyit, N., & Yuluğ, B. (2021) · Turkish Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.46310/tjim.817623
“Studies report that 59 to 86% of COVID-19 positive patients receiving outpatient treatment have an olfactory loss, whereas, in inpatients, this rate is (5-35%).(4,5,12) Clues are beginning to accumulate that anosmia is not only a clinical finding in COVID-19 disease, but is also directly related to the clinical proces…”
BackgroundBaghchechi, M., Saldana, I., & Jacob, S. E. (2021) · Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association · doi:10.1097/jdn.0000000000000608
COVID-19 INFECTION IN THE CHILD, IN A SUPPORT HOSPITAL, DURING THE ALERT STATE
Nedelcuță, R. M., Călin, G., Nedelcuţă, C., BĂLEANU, A. R., & Stănoiu, B. (2021) · Research and Science Today Supplement · doi:10.38173/rst.2021.21.1.10:105-109
Olfactory dysfunction and anosmia awareness in coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Juvekar, M., & Sarkar, B. (2021) · International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery · doi:10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20211201
A Dual Diagnostic Measure driven pragmatic approach for nCOVID-19 Detection by Pervasive Computing
Biswas, S., Sen, D., Mahajan, R., & Mukherjee, M. (2021) · International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in Engineering (ICACITE) · doi:10.1109/icacite51222.2021.9404747
Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19 Population: A Short Review
Singh, K. P., & Agarwal, R. (2021) · Annals of Neurosciences · doi:10.1177/0972753121990247
Anosmia in COVID-19: The Indian Experience
Neethi Chandra, M., Jhansi Lakshmi, E., & Aparna, V. (2021) · International Journal of Research and Review · doi:10.52403/ijrr.20210604
“Although olfactory loss is a typical symptom of multiple viral respiratory infections, recent reports indicate that in COVID-19 infection prevalence rates may be much higher [7] .”
ResultCommon and atypical otorhinolaryngological findings of Covid-19
Sarı, N., Arslan, N., & Değer, V. B. (2021) · Çukurova medical journal (Online)/Çukurova medical journal · doi:10.17826/cumj.871808
Villanueva, C. A. B., Torres, L. A. B., Hernández-Romero, I. D. R., Huayaney-Velarde, Z., & Muñoz, E. R. A. (2021) · Revista Científica Odontológica · doi:10.21142/2523-2754-0902-2021-061
Gebreselassie, A. T., Mekonen, W., Gebrehiwot, B., Muluye, G., & Gereziher, G. (2021) · Austin Internal Medicine · doi:10.26420/austininternmed.2021.1054
Olfactory Dysfunction: A Diagnostic Symptom of COVID-19
Kabir, S., Hossain, A. B. M. T., Parash, M. T. H., Lin, C. L. S., Murugaiah, C., Delwar, A. H. M., & Chowdhury, M. A. (2021) · Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) · doi:10.51200/bjms.vi.2637
Mishra, N. K. (2021) · Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications · doi:10.21786/bbrc/14.9.22
Frequency of urination as a presenting symptom in COVID-19 patients
Hashim, H. T. (2021) · Current Medicine Research and Practice · doi:10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_13_20
Identifying The “Core” Transcriptome of SARS-CoV-2 Infected CellsPreprint
Nour, E. T., Tran, R., Afravi, A., Pei, X., Davidian, A., & Kadandale, P. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.09.22.461142
“after recovery from the viral infection [6, 7, 8].”
PERDAS QUIMIOSSENSORIAS NA COVID-19 – CHEMOSENSORY LOSSES AT COVID-19
Freitas, E. (2021) · COGNITIONIS Scientific Journal · doi:10.38087/2595.8801.97
Covid-19: Signs and symptoms related to the feeding behavior
Machado, A. S., Castelo, P. M., Silva, F. C. E., & Lamy, E. (2021) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113605
“In general, there is evidence in the literature that the most frequent symptoms are fever, cough, myalgia, headache and tiredness [27,46,48,53,54,65,66], with high incidence of specific symptoms related to feeding behavior also reported.”
Nandini, V. D. (2021) · Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.21276/apjhs.2021.8.3.26
TELESSAÚDE E IDOSOS DIABÉTICOS: NARRATIVA DE ASPECTOS EDUCACIONAIS SOBRE A COVID-19
Bessa, N. P. O. S., Filho, B. F. D. L., de Souza, R. N. S., Fernandes, A. C. T., Guedes, M. B. O. G., & Cavalcanti, F. A. D. C. (2021) · Revista Contexto & Saúde · doi:10.21527/2176-7114.2021.43.10922
Ponram, P., & Mythili, C. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1136761/v1
La anosmia y su interacción en las infecciones causadas por el SARS-CoV2: una revisión
Franco, E. F. (2021) · Ciencia Ambiente y Clima · doi:10.22206/cac.2021.v4i2.pp7-17
Ruiz‐Comellas, A., Poch, P. R., Valmaña, G. S., Guadalupe-Fernández, V., Mendioroz, J., Catalina, Q. M., Vidal‐Alaball, J., & Ramírez‐Morros, A. (2022) · BJGP Open · doi:10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0141
“Our results are in agreement with other studies but with differences; Roland et al.(13) also identified odynophagia, Menni et al.(15) cough and digestive clinical signs and the results of Yan et al.(14) showed no significance for dyspnoea.”
BackgroundYakubova, M., & Файзиева, М. Д. Қ. (2021) · UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL · doi:10.26739/2181-0664-2021-4-9
Peñafiel, F. S., Tapia, A. P., Nesvadba, D. F., Oksenberg, K. F., Sánchez, A. R., Meza, J. C., Canales, P. U., Hernández, B. L., Fuenzalida, P. A., & Rodríguez, I. L. (2021) · Revista médica de Chile · doi:10.4067/s0034-98872021000801107
The Neurological and Neurosurgical Presentations of SARSCoV2 Affected Patients: A Systematic Review.
Selina, F., Talha, K. A., Ahmed, M. T., Karim, I. J., Nasir, M., Latif, S., Perveen, R. A., & Bhattacharya, R. (2021) · Bangladesh Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3329/bjns.v10i2.53770
“Friend or Foe” — Oxygen Therapy for COVID-19 patients, a New PerspectivePreprint
Ashraf, S., Nadeem, M. F., Imran, M. A., Khan, S. Y., Kottarampatel, A. H., Khalid, S., Ahmad, S., Bilal, M., Samarani, S., Saifullahh, R., et al. (2020) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/mx7dv
Alemi, F., Vang, J., Guralnik, E., & Roess, A. (2020) · doi:10.2196/preprints.19772
Anamisa, D. R., Mufarroha, F. A., Oktaviyani, F. R., Angganata, N. P., & Muhajir, M. D. A. (2021) · E3S Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202132804006
Kaur, P., Rahman, G., & Pandey, V. (2022) · IP Journal of Nutrition Metabolism and Health Science · doi:10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2021.028
Manifestaciones orales en pacientes con COVID 19
Facultad de Ciencias Odontológicas y Salud Pública. Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. Tuxtla Gutiérrez, C., Suárez, M. M. P., Castillejos, A. M., & Zavala, Á. G. (2022) · Revista Espacio I+D Innovación más Desarrollo · doi:10.31644/imasd.29.2022.a09
New-Onset Ageusia among COVID-19 Patients- The Trend in the Indian Population
Upadhyay, M., Gill, J., Pandey, G., Mahale, M., & Thakur, V. (2022) · Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery · doi:10.47210/bjohns.2021.v29i3.482
Sonawane, G. A., Gawali, V. B., Pande, V., & Kardile, G. N. (2022) · ACTA SCIENTIFIC MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.31080/asmi.2022.05.1065
Shar, M. K., Pirwani, F. A., Rana, Z. A., Mirza, H. H., Rush, A. U., & Jalbani, B. A. (2022) · Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad · doi:10.55519/jamc-02-9228
“other investigators had also report different percentage of olfactory impairment such as Guan W et al(11) in China reported 5%, Giacomelli A et al(12) from Italy reported 34%, Yan CH et al from united states reported 68% and the prevalence of Gustatory impairment was similar to that of olfactory impairment.(4) current…”
ResultPetri, O., Abazaj, E., Daka, A., Huti, G., Puca, E., & Brati, B. (2022) · Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.8824
“Although classically this virus causes fever, cough, breathing difficulty, shortness of breath, lung infection [8], and more evidence suggests that the atypical manifestations of gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea, the loss of smell and taste, and thromboembolic events, among others, are becoming cl…”
BackgroundOlfactory and Taste Dysfunctions in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Mori, Y., Suzuki, M., Hasegawa, C., Nakanishi, H., Nakai, K., Esaki, S., Takemoto, N., Murakami, S., & Iwasaki, S. (2022) · Nihon Bika Gakkai Kaishi (Japanese Journal of Rhinology) · doi:10.7248/jjrhi.61.292
Oral Symptoms and Factors Associated with COVID-19: A Case-Control Study
Sarkarat, F., Tootoonchian, A., Mirpour, S., Nezhad, M. M., Araghi, S. H., Rakhshan, V., & Private Dentistry Practice, T. (2022) · Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences · doi:10.52547/jrdms.7.3.155
“Our findings regarding dysosmia were in line with previous studies showing that dysosmia can be much more prevalent in COVID-19 patients than in general population [7,10-16].”
BackgroundResultZarachi, A., Pezoulas, V. C., Komnos, I. D., Lianou, A. D., Milionis, O. I., Klouras, E., Katsikatsos, K., Fotiadis, D. I., Kastanioudakis, I. G., Milionis, C., et al. (2022) · PubMed Central · doi:10.26574/maedica.2022.17.2.277
Yazıcı, Z. M., Sağlam, N. Ö., Akçay, N., Menentoğlu, B., Hatioğlu, N., Şevketoğlu, E., & Sayın, İ. (2022) · Bagcilar Medical Bulletin · doi:10.4274/bmb.galenos.2022.2022-06-056
Badwy, I., Elwany, S., Behairy, E. A., & Eldemerdash, A. A. (2022) · Egyptian Journal of Ear Nose Throat and Allied Sciences · doi:10.21608/ejentas.2022.128929.1485
Metadata
- Authors
- Yan, C. H., Faraji, F., Prajapati, D. P., Boone, C. E., & DeConde, A. S.
- Affiliations
- UC San Diego Health System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yan, Carol H.
- Venue
- International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 806-813
- ISSN
- 2042-6976 (ISSN-L)
- 2042-6984
- PMC
- PMC7262089
- OpenAlex
- W3015631092
- Cited by
- 754
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 248 · 2020: 317
- FWCI
- 63.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR001442)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, anosmia, ageusia, chemosensory dysfunction, flu-like symptoms, subclinical symptoms, symptom screening, sore throat, symptom resolution, virus transmission, asymptomatic transmission, outpatients, patient-reported symptoms, COVID-19 testing, COVID-19 isolation, COVID-19 recovery
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Olfaction Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Viral, Taste Disorders, Prevalence, Coronavirus Infections, Young Adult, Pandemics
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