Hippocampal volumes in cognitively normal persons at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
Brain imaging techniques have the potential to characterize neurobiological changes that precede the onset of cognitive impairment in persons at risk for Alzheimer's disease. As previously described, positron emission tomography (PET) was used to compare 11 cognitively normal persons 50 to 62 years of age who were homozygous for the ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E and 22 persons without the ε4 allele with a reported family history of Alzheimer's dementia who were matched for sex, age, and level of education. The ε4 homozygotes had significantly reduced glucose metabolism in the same brain regions as patients with Alzheimer's dementia; the largest reduction was in the posterior cingulate cortex. As described here, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to compare hippocampal volumes in the same subject groups. The ε4 homozygotes showed nonsignificant trends for smaller left and right hippocampal volumes; overall, smaller hippocampal volumes were associated with reduced performance on a long‐term memory test. Whereas PET measurements of cerebral glucose metabolism begin to decrease before the onset of memory decline, MRI measurements of hippocampal volume begin to decrease in conjunction with memory decline in cognitively normal persons at risk for Alzheimer's disease.
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APOE4 carriers feature decreased cortical thickness and smaller hippocampal volume, and advanced MCI age compared to non-carriers.
“Studies showed that APOE4 carriers featured decreased cortical thickness and smaller hippocampal volume, and with an advanced mild cognitive impairment (MCI) age compared to non-carriers [462–464].”
From Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (2020) · cites this paper as [464]
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- Authors
- Reiman, E. M., Uecker, A., Caselli, R. J., Lewis, S., Bandy, D., De Leon, M. J., De Santi, S., Convit, A., Osborne, D., Weaver, A., & Thibodeau, S. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center (US)
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Reiman, Eric M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Annals of Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-08
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 288-291
- ISSN
- 0364-5134 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-8249
- OpenAlex
- W1996433268
- Cited by
- 266
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 9.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG 12101, R01AG013616, AG 13616)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Keywords
- hippocampal volume, Alzheimer's disease, APOE ε4, genetic risk, cognitively normal elderly, family history of dementia, brain glucose metabolism, posterior cingulate cortex, long-term memory, hippocampal atrophy, early detection of cognitive decline
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alleles, Alzheimer Disease, Apolipoproteins E, Carrier State, Genotype, Hippocampus, Humans, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Reference Values, Sensitivity and Specificity, Chi-Square Distribution, Logistic Models
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