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New insights into elastic fiber assembly

Wagenseil, Jessica E., Mecham, Robert P.·2007·Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews

Abstract

Elastic fibers provide recoil to tissues that undergo repeated stretch, such as the large arteries and lung. These large extracellular matrix (ECM) structures contain numerous components, and our understanding of elastic fiber assembly is changing as we learn more about the various molecules associated with the assembly process. The main components of elastic fibers are elastin and microfibrils. Elastin makes up the bulk of the mature fiber and is encoded by a single gene. Microfibrils consist mainly of fibrillin, but also contain or associate with proteins such as microfibril associated glycoproteins (MAGPs), fibulins, and EMILIN‐1. Microfibrils were thought to facilitate alignment of elastin monomers prior to cross‐linking by lysyl oxidase (LOX). We now know that their role, as well as the overall assembly process, is more complex. Elastic fiber formation involves elaborate spatial and temporal regulation of all of the involved proteins and is difficult to recapitulate in adult tissues. This report summarizes the known interactions between elastin and the microfibrillar proteins and their role in elastic fiber assembly based on in vitro studies and evidence from knockout mice. We also propose a model of elastic fiber assembly based on the current data that incorporates interactions between elastin, LOXs, fibulins and the microfibril, as well as the pivotal role played by cells in structuring the final functional fiber. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 81:229–240, 2007. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Metadata

Authors
Wagenseil, J. E., & Mecham, R. P.
Venue
Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2007-12
Volume
81
Issue
4
Pages
229-240
ISSN
  • 1542-975X (ISSN-L)
  • 1542-9768
OpenAlex
W2146275594
Cited by
420
References
100
FWCI
12.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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