Cited by 776Wound Healing and TreatmentsLiver physiology and pathologyTGF-β signaling in diseases

The myofibroblast matrix: implications for tissue repair and fibrosis

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Klingberg, Franco, Hinz, Boris, White, Eric S·2013·The Journal of Pathology

Abstract

Myofibroblasts, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in which they reside, are critical components of wound healing and fibrosis. The ECM, traditionally viewed as the structural elements within which cells reside, is actually a functional tissue whose components possess not only scaffolding characteristics, but also growth factor, mitogenic, and other bioactive properties. Although it has been suggested that tissue fibrosis simply reflects an 'exuberant' wound-healing response, examination of the ECM and the roles of myofibroblasts during fibrogenesis instead suggest that the organism may be attempting to recapitulate developmental programmes designed to regenerate functional tissue. Evidence of this is provided by the temporospatial re-emergence of embryonic ECM proteins by fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that induce cellular programmatic responses intended to produce a functional tissue. In the setting of wound healing (or physiological fibrosis), this occurs in a highly regulated and exquisitely choreographed fashion which results in cessation of haemorrhage, restoration of barrier integrity, and re-establishment of tissue function. However, pathological tissue fibrosis, which oftentimes causes organ dysfunction and significant morbidity or mortality, likely results from dysregulation of normal wound-healing processes or abnormalities of the process itself. This review will focus on the myofibroblast ECM and its role in both physiological and pathological fibrosis, and will discuss the potential for therapeutically targeting ECM proteins for treatment of fibrotic disorders.

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  • Myofibroblasts express crosslinking enzymes such as transglutaminase 2, LOX, and PLOD2 that strengthen ECM by increasing collagen crosslinking.

    “myofibroblasts express several protein and collagen crosslinking enzymes such as protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 (=transglutaminase 2), protein-lysine 6-oxidase (LOX), and procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) (12).”

    From Unraveling SSc Pathophysiology; The Myofibroblast (2018) · cites this paper as [12]

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Authors
Klingberg, F., Hinz, B., & White, E. S.
Affiliations
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
  • Hinz, Boris
  • White, Eric S
Venue
The Journal of Pathology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-12-12
Volume
229
Issue
2
Pages
298-309
ISSN
  • 0022-3417 (ISSN-L)
  • 1096-9896
OpenAlex
W1878807841
Cited by
776
References
234
Citations by year
2026: 53 · 2025: 72 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 1
FWCI
3.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Pathology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
  • University of Michigan
  • European Commission (2007–2013, FP7 2007-2013, FP7/2007, 237946)
  • National Institutes of Health (FP7/2007-2013)
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research (#1004005, 210820)
  • Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (FP7/2007-2013)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL111016, R01HL109118, R01HL085083, T32HL007749)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
Keywords
myofibroblasts, extracellular matrix, fibrosis, wound healing, fibrogenesis, tissue regeneration, barrier integrity
MeSH terms
Animals, Extracellular Matrix, Fibrosis, Homeostasis, Humans, Wound Healing, Signal Transduction, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Myofibroblasts

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