The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The phage‐host arms race: Shaping the evolution of microbes
Open accessAbstract
Bacteria, the most abundant organisms on the planet, are outnumbered by a factor of 10 to 1 by phages that infect them. Faced with the rapid evolution and turnover of phage particles, bacteria have evolved various mechanisms to evade phage infection and killing, leading to an evolutionary arms race. The extensive co‐evolution of both phage and host has resulted in considerable diversity on the part of both bacterial and phage defensive and offensive strategies. Here, we discuss the unique and common features of phage resistance mechanisms and their role in global biodiversity. The commonalities between defense mechanisms suggest avenues for the discovery of novel forms of these mechanisms based on their evolutionary traits.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Prokaryotic Evolution in Light of Gene Transfer
Gogarten, J. P., Doolittle, W. F., & Lawrence, J. G. (2002) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004046 · Cited by 986
A nomenclature for restriction enzymes, DNA methyltransferases, homing endonucleases and their genes
Roberts, R. J. (2003) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkg274 · Cited by 755
RESTRICTION AND MODIFICATION SYSTEMS
Wilson, G. G., & Murray, N. E. (1991) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.25.120191.003101 · Cited by 714
Kobayashi, I. (2001) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/29.18.3742 · Cited by 513
Modular networks and cumulative impact of lateral transfer in prokaryote genome evolution
Dagan, T., Artzy-Randrup, Y., & Martin, W. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0800679105 · Cited by 409
Cited by
RNA-guided genetic silencing systems in bacteria and archaea
Wiedenheft, B., Sternberg, S. H., & Doudna, J. A. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10886 · Cited by 1,851
CRISPR-mediated adaptive immune systems in bacteria and archaea
Sorek, R., Lawrence, C. M., & Wiedenheft, B. (2013) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-072911-172315 · Cited by 668
Comparative genomics of defense systems in archaea and bacteria
Makarova, K. S., Wolf, Y. I., & Koonin, E. V. (2013) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkt157 · Cited by 435
More Is Better: Selecting for Broad Host Range Bacteriophages
Ross, A., Ward, S., & Hyman, P. (2016) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01352 · Cited by 367
Mutuku, C., Gazdag, Z., & Melegh, S. (2022) · World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s11274-022-03334-0 · Cited by 280
Metadata
- Authors
- Stern, A., & Sorek, R.
- Venue
- BioEssays
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-10-26
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 43-51
- ISSN
- 0265-9247 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-1878
- OpenAlex
- W1972708645
- Cited by
- 527
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 2.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The phage‐host arms race: Shaping the evolution of microbes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/bies.201000071
- The paper
- Stern, A., & Sorek, R. (2011). The phage‐host arms race: Shaping the evolution of microbes. BioEssays. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.201000071
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
