Cited by 527

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 106 of the 106 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The phage‐host arms race: Shaping the evolution of microbes

Open access

Stern, Adi, Sorek, Rotem·2011·BioEssays

DOI 10.1002/bies.201000071

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Bacteria, the most abundant organisms on the planet, are outnumbered by a factor of 10 to 1 by phages that infect them. Faced with the rapid evolution and turnover of phage particles, bacteria have evolved various mechanisms to evade phage infection and killing, leading to an evolutionary arms race. The extensive co‐evolution of both phage and host has resulted in considerable diversity on the part of both bacterial and phage defensive and offensive strategies. Here, we discuss the unique and common features of phage resistance mechanisms and their role in global biodiversity. The commonalities between defense mechanisms suggest avenues for the discovery of novel forms of these mechanisms based on their evolutionary traits.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/bies.201000071

Cites

106 of 106 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

CRISPR Provides Acquired Resistance Against Viruses in Prokaryotes
Barrangou, R., Fremaux, C., Deveau, H., Richards, M., Boyaval, P., Moineau, S., Romero, D. A., & Horvath, P. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1138140 · Cited by 5,947
Marine viruses — major players in the global ecosystem
Suttle, C. A. (2007) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1750 · Cited by 3,157
CRISPR/Cas, the Immune System of Bacteria and Archaea
Horvath, P., & Barrangou, R. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1179555 · Cited by 2,465
Small CRISPR RNAs Guide Antiviral Defense in Prokaryotes
Brouns, S. J. J., Jore, M. M., Lundgren, M., Westra, E. R., Slijkhuis, R. J. H., Snijders, A. P. L., Dickman, M. J., Makarova, K. S., Koonin, E. V., & van der Oost, J. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1159689 · Cited by 2,460
A NEW EVOLUTIONARY LAW.
Valen, L. M. V. (1973) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,448
Nucleotide sequence of the iap gene, responsible for alkaline phosphatase isozyme conversion in Escherichia coli, and identification of the gene product
Ishino, Y., Shinagawa, H., Makino, K., Amemura, M., & Nakata, A. (1987) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.169.12.5429-5433.1987 · Cited by 2,421
Bacteriophage resistance mechanisms
Labrie, S. J., Samson, J. E., & Moineau, S. (2010) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2315 · Cited by 2,397
Marine viruses and their biogeochemical and ecological effects
Fuhrman, J. A. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/21119 · Cited by 2,249
Virioplankton: Viruses in Aquatic Ecosystems
Wommack, K. E., & Colwell, R. R. (2000) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.64.1.69-114.2000 · Cited by 2,160
Intervening Sequences of Regularly Spaced Prokaryotic Repeats Derive from Foreign Genetic Elements
Mojica, F. J. M., D�ez-Villase�or, C., Garc�a-Mart�nez, J., & Soria, E. (2005) · Journal of Molecular Evolution · doi:10.1007/s00239-004-0046-3 · Cited by 2,042
Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in prokaryotes
Jansen, R., Embden, J. D. A. V., Gaastra, W., & Schouls, L. M. (2002) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02839.x · Cited by 1,802
Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic Rearrangements to Lysogenic Conversion
Brüssow, H., Canchaya, C., & Hardt, W.-D. (2004) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.68.3.560-602.2004 · Cited by 1,725
High abundance of viruses found in aquatic environments
Bergh, Ø., BØrsheim, K. Y., Bratbak, G., & Heldal, M. (1989) · Nature · doi:10.1038/340467a0 · Cited by 1,649
CRISPR Interference Limits Horizontal Gene Transfer in Staphylococci by Targeting DNA
Marraffini, L. A., & Sontheimer, E. J. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1165771 · Cited by 1,642
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPRs) have spacers of extrachromosomal origin
Bolotin, A., Quinquis, B., Sorokin, A., & Ehrlich, S. D. (2005) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/mic.0.28048-0 · Cited by 1,558
Evidence for lateral gene transfer between Archaea and Bacteria from genome sequence of Thermotoga maritima
Nelson, K. E., Clayton, R. A., Gill, S. R., Gwinn, M. L., Dodson, R. J., Haft, D. H., Hickey, E. K., Peterson, J. D., Nelson, W. C., Ketchum, K. A., et al. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/20601 · Cited by 1,502
Phage Response to CRISPR-Encoded Resistance in Streptococcus thermophilus
Deveau, H., Barrangou, R., Garneau, J. E., Labonté, J., Fremaux, C., Boyaval, P., Romero, D. A., Horvath, P., & Moineau, S. (2008) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.01412-07 · Cited by 1,213
CRISPR elements in Yersinia pestis acquire new repeats by preferential uptake of bacteriophage DNA, and provide additional tools for evolutionary studies
Pourcel, C., Salvignol, G., & Vergnaud, G. (2005) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/mic.0.27437-0 · Cited by 1,201
A putative RNA-interference-based immune system in prokaryotes: computational analysis of the predicted enzymatic machinery, functional analogies with eukaryotic RNAi, and hypothetical mechanisms of action
Makarova, K. S., Grishin, N. V., Shabalina, S. A., Wolf, Y. I., & Koonin, E. V. (2006) · Biology Direct · doi:10.1186/1745-6150-1-7 · Cited by 1,199
Metagenomics: Genomic Analysis of Microbial Communities
Riesenfeld, C. S., Schloss, P. D., & Handelsman, J. (2004) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.38.072902.091216 · Cited by 1,129
Horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes: Quantification and classification
Koonin, E. V., Makarova, K. S., & Aravind, L. (2001) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.55.1.709 · Cited by 1,126
Evolutionary relationships among diverse bacteriophages and prophages: All the world’s a phage
Hendrix, R. W., Smith, M. C. M., Burns, R. N., Ford, M. E., & Hatfull, G. F. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.5.2192 · Cited by 1,107
Prokaryotic toxin–antitoxin stress response loci
Gerdes, K., Christensen, S. K., & Løbner-Olesen, A. (2005) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1147 · Cited by 1,033
RNA-Guided RNA Cleavage by a CRISPR RNA-Cas Protein Complex
Hale, C. R., Zhao, P., Olson, S., Duff, M. O., Graveley, B. R., Wells, L., Terns, R. M., & Terns, M. P. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.07.040 · Cited by 1,031
Horizontal gene transfer, genome innovation and evolution
Gogarten, J. P., & Townsend, J. P. (2005) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1204 · Cited by 1,020
REBASE—a database for DNA restriction and modification: enzymes, genes and genomes
Roberts, R. J., Vincze, T., Posfai, J., & Macelis, D. (2010) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkp874 · Cited by 991
Prokaryotic Evolution in Light of Gene Transfer
Gogarten, J. P., Doolittle, W. F., & Lawrence, J. G. (2002) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004046 · Cited by 986
A Guild of 45 CRISPR-Associated (Cas) Protein Families and Multiple CRISPR/Cas Subtypes Exist in Prokaryotic Genomes
Haft, D. H., Selengut, J., Mongodin, E. F., & Nelson, K. E. (2005) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.0010060 · Cited by 979
Genomic islands: tools of bacterial horizontal gene transfer and evolution
Juhas, M., van der Meer, J. R., Gaillard, M., Harding, R. M., Hood, D. W., & Crook, D. W. (2009) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00136.x · Cited by 969
CRISPR interference: RNA-directed adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea
Marraffini, L. A., & Sontheimer, E. J. (2010) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg2749 · Cited by 919
CRISPR — a widespread system that provides acquired resistance against phages in bacteria and archaea
Sorek, R., Kunin, V., & Hugenholtz, P. (2008) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1793 · Cited by 907
Self-citation
Toxin-antitoxin loci are highly abundant in free-living but lost from host-associated prokaryotes
Pandey, D. P. (2005) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gki201 · Cited by 896
The CRISPRdb database and tools to display CRISPRs and to generate dictionaries of spacers and repeats
Grissa, I., Vergnaud, G., & Pourcel, C. (2007) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-8-172 · Cited by 888
The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome
Sebaihia, M., Wren, B. W., Mullany, P., Fairweather, N. F., Minton, N., Stabler, R., Thomson, N. R., Roberts, A. P., Cerdeño-Tárraga, A. M., Wang, H., et al. (2006) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1830 · Cited by 879
A nomenclature for restriction enzymes, DNA methyltransferases, homing endonucleases and their genes
Roberts, R. J. (2003) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkg274 · Cited by 755
RESTRICTION AND MODIFICATION SYSTEMS
Wilson, G. G., & Murray, N. E. (1991) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.25.120191.003101 · Cited by 714
Self versus non-self discrimination during CRISPR RNA-directed immunity
Marraffini, L. A., & Sontheimer, E. J. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08703 · Cited by 637
The biology of restriction and anti-restriction
Tock, M. R., & Dryden, D. T. (2005) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.003 · Cited by 586
Toxins-Antitoxins: Plasmid Maintenance, Programmed Cell Death, and Cell Cycle Arrest
Hayes, F. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1088157 · Cited by 583
The phage abortive infection system, ToxIN, functions as a protein–RNA toxin–antitoxin pair
Fineran, P. C., Blower, T. R., Foulds, I. J., Humphreys, D. P., Lilley, K. S., & Salmond, G. P. C. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0808832106 · Cited by 574
Antagonistic coevolution accelerates molecular evolution
Paterson, S., Vogwill, T., Buckling, A., Benmayor, R., Spiers, A. J., Thomson, N. R., Quail, M., Smith, F., Walker, D., Libberton, B., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08798 · Cited by 546
CRISPR-based adaptive and heritable immunity in prokaryotes
van der Oost, J., Jore, M. M., Westra, E. R., Lundgren, M., & Brouns, S. J. J. (2009) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2009.05.002 · Cited by 521
Behavior of restriction–modification systems as selfish mobile elements and their impact on genome evolution
Kobayashi, I. (2001) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/29.18.3742 · Cited by 513
Phage-Host Interaction: an Ecological Perspective
Chibani-Chennoufi, S., Bruttin, A., Dillmann, M.-L., & Brüssow, H. (2004) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.186.12.3677-3686.2004 · Cited by 511
Virus Population Dynamics and Acquired Virus Resistance in Natural Microbial Communities
Andersson, A. F., & Banfield, J. F. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1157358 · Cited by 492
Evolution of a bacteria/plasmid association
Bouma, J. E., & Lenski, R. E. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/335351a0 · Cited by 446
Evolutionary conservation of sequence and secondary structures in CRISPR repeats
Kunin, V., Sorek, R., & Hugenholtz, P. (2007) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2007-8-4-r61 · Cited by 444
Self-citation
Comprehensive comparative-genomic analysis of Type 2 toxin-antitoxin systems and related mobile stress response systems in prokaryotes
Makarova, K. S., Wolf, Y. I., & Koonin, E. V. (2009) · Biology Direct · doi:10.1186/1745-6150-4-19 · Cited by 430
Bacterial Programmed Cell Death and Multicellular Behavior in Bacteria
Engelberg-Kulka, H., Amitai, S., Kolodkin-Gal, I., & Hazan, R. (2006) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020135 · Cited by 425
Modular networks and cumulative impact of lateral transfer in prokaryote genome evolution
Dagan, T., Artzy-Randrup, Y., & Martin, W. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0800679105 · Cited by 409
Self-targeting by CRISPR: gene regulation or autoimmunity?
Stern, A., Keren, L., Wurtzel, O., Amitai, G., & Sorek, R. (2010) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2010.05.008 · Cited by 384
Self-citation
Different Trajectories of Parallel Evolution During Viral Adaptation
Wichman, H. A., Badgett, M. R., Scott, L. A., Boulianne, C. M., & Bull, J. J. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.285.5426.422 · Cited by 383
Toxin–antitoxin Loci as Stress-response-elements: ChpAK/MazF and ChpBK Cleave Translated RNAs and are Counteracted by tmRNA
Christensen, S. K., Pedersen, K., Hansen, F. G., & Gerdes, K. (2003) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/s0022-2836(03)00922-7 · Cited by 380
Selfish Behavior of Restriction-Modification Systems
Naito, T., Kusano, K., & Kobayashi, I. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7846533 · Cited by 367
Phage abortive infection in lactococci: variations on a theme
Chopin, M.-C., Chopin, A., & Bidnenko, E. (2005) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.006 · Cited by 366
Rapid induction and reversal of a bacteriostatic condition by controlled expression of toxins and antitoxins
Pedersen, K., Christensen, S. K., & Gerdes, K. (2002) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03027.x · Cited by 359
Microbiology in the post-genomic era
Medini, D., Serruto, D., Parkhill, J., Relman, D. A., Donati, C., Moxon, R., Falkow, S., & Rappuoli, R. (2008) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1901 · Cited by 358
The Repetitive DNA Elements Called CRISPRs and Their Associated Genes: Evidence of Horizontal Transfer Among Prokaryotes
Godde, J. S., & Bickerton, A. (2006) · Journal of Molecular Evolution · doi:10.1007/s00239-005-0223-z · Cited by 334
Escherichia coli K-12 restricts DNA containing 5-methylcytosine.
Raleigh, E. A., & Wilson, G. (1986) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.83.23.9070 · Cited by 316
On "genomenclature": a comprehensive (and respectful) taxonomy for pseudogenes and other "junk DNA".
Brosius, J., & Gould, S. J. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.22.10706 · Cited by 307
REBASE: restriction enzymes and methyltransferases
Roberts, R. J. (2003) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkg069 · Cited by 301
Roles of DNA adenine methylation in host–pathogen interactions: mismatch repair, transcriptional regulation, and more
Marinus, M. G., & Casadesus, J. (2009) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00159.x · Cited by 301
Bacteriophage survival: multiple mechanisms for avoiding the deoxyribonucleic acid restriction systems of their hosts
Krüger, D. H., & Bickle, T. A. (1983) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.47.3.345-360.1983 · Cited by 283
Exclusion of T4 phage by the hok/sok killer locus from plasmid R1
Pecota, D. C., & Wood, T. K. (1996) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.178.7.2044-2050.1996 · Cited by 260
MazF, an mRNA Interferase, Mediates Programmed Cell Death during Multicellular Myxococcus Development
Nariya, H., & Inouye, M. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.044 · Cited by 255
Escherichia coli mazEF-mediated cell death as a defense mechanism that inhibits the spread of phage P1
Hazan, R., & Engelberg-Kulka, H. (2004) · Molecular Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1007/s00438-004-1048-y · Cited by 239
Natural transformation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: from DNA donation to homologous recombination
Hamilton, H. L., & Dillard, J. P. (2006) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04964.x · Cited by 229
Simple sequence repeats in the Helicobacter pylori genome
Saunders, N. J., Peden, J. F., Hood, D. W., & Moxon, E. R. (1998) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00768.x · Cited by 205
The phasevarion: A genetic system controlling coordinated, random switching of expression of multiple genes
Srikhanta, Y. N., Maguire, T. L., Stacey, K. J., Grimmond, S. M., & Jennings, M. P. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0501169102 · Cited by 190
Evidence by electron micrographs for a high incidence of bacteriophage particles in the waters of Yaquina Bay, oregon: ecological and taxonomical implications
Torrella, F., & Morita, R. Y. (1979) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.37.4.774-778.1979 · Cited by 174
Phage‐exclusion enzymes: a bonanza of biochemical and cell biology reagents?
Snyder, L. (1995) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02255.x · Cited by 174
Integration of Horizontally Transferred Genes into Regulatory Interaction Networks Takes Many Million Years
Lercher, M. J., & Pal, C. (2008) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msm283 · Cited by 169
Germ Warfare in a Microbial Mat Community: CRISPRs Provide Insights into the Co-Evolution of Host and Viral Genomes
Heidelberg, J. F., Nelson, W. C., Schoenfeld, T., & Bhaya, D. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004169 · Cited by 166
Horizontal gene transfer contributes to the wide distribution and evolution of type II restriction-modification systems
Jeltsch, A., & Pingoud, A. (1996) · Journal of Molecular Evolution · doi:10.1007/bf02198833 · Cited by 141
REBASE--restriction enzymes and DNA methyltransferases
Roberts, R. J. (2004) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gki029 · Cited by 141
Restriction–modification system differences in Helicobacter pylori are a barrier to interstrain plasmid transfer
Ando, T., Xu, Q. S., Torres, M., Kusugami, K., Israel, D. A., & Blaser, M. J. (2000) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02049.x · Cited by 138
RNA viruses in the sea
Lang, A. S., Rise, M. L., Culley, A. I., & Steward, G. F. (2008) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00132.x · Cited by 138
Superinfection exclusion by T-even-type coliphages
Lu, M., & Henning, U. (1994) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/0966-842x(94)90601-7 · Cited by 135
Generation time-prolonging R plasmids: Correlation between increases in the generation time of Escherichia coli caused by R plasmids and their molecular size
̈nd, P. Z., & Lebek, G. (1980) · Plasmid · doi:10.1016/s0147-619x(80)90034-7 · Cited by 133
A family of phase-variable restriction enzymes with differing specificities generated by high-frequency gene rearrangements
Dybvig, K. F., Sitaraman, R., & French, C. T. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.23.13923 · Cited by 133
Evolutionary Role of Restriction/Modification Systems as Revealed by Comparative Genome AnalysisPreprint
Rocha, E. P. C., Danchin, A., & Viari, A. (2001) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.153101 · Cited by 127
A Type IV Modification Dependent Restriction Nuclease that Targets Glucosylated Hydroxymethyl Cytosine Modified DNAs
Bair, C. L., & Black, L. W. (2006) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.11.051 · Cited by 124
COEVOLUTION IN BACTERIAL-PLASMID POPULATIONS
Modi, R. I., & Adams, J. (1991) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04336.x · Cited by 119
Overcoming the restriction barrier to plasmid transformation of Helicobacter pylori
Donahue, J. P., Israel, D. A., Peek, R. M., Blaser, M. J., & Miller, G. G. (2000) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02036.x · Cited by 116
Two DNA antirestriction systems of bacteriophage P1, darA, and darB: characterization of darA− phages
Iida, S., Streiff, M. B., Bickle, T. A., & Arber, W. (1987) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(87)90324-2 · Cited by 112
Structural and evolutionary classification of Type II restriction enzymes based on theoretical and experimental analyses
Orlowski, J., & Bujnicki, J. M. (2008) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkn175 · Cited by 111
Antagonistic coevolution with parasites increases the cost of host deleterious mutations
Buckling, A. G. J., Wei, Y., Massey, R. C., Brockhurst, M. A., & Hochberg, M. (2005) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3279 · Cited by 107
Uracil-DNA Glycosylase Inhibitor Gene of Bacteriophage PBS2 Encodes a Binding Protein Specific for Uracil-DNA Glycosylase
Wang, Z., & Mosbaugh, D. W. (1989) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85067-6 · Cited by 106
Abortive Phage Resistance Mechanism AbiZ Speeds the Lysis Clock To Cause Premature Lysis of Phage-Infected Lactococcus lactis
Durmaz, E., & Klaenhammer, T. R. (2007) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.00904-06 · Cited by 103
Population genomics in natural microbial communities
Whitaker, R. J., & Banfield, J. F. (2006) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2006.07.001 · Cited by 94
Phage operon involved in sensitivity to the Lactococcus lactis abortive infection mechanism AbiD1
Bidnenko, E. E., Ehrlich, S. D., & Chopin, M. (1995) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.177.13.3824-3829.1995 · Cited by 92
Restriction-modification gene complexes as selfish gene entities: Roles of a regulatory system in their establishment, maintenance, and apoptotic mutual exclusion
Nakayama, Y., & Kobayashi, I. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.11.6442 · Cited by 91
Mutagenesis and Functional Characterization of the RNA and Protein Components of the toxIN Abortive Infection and Toxin-Antitoxin Locus of Erwinia
Blower, T. R., Fineran, P. C., Johnson, M. J., et al. (2009) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.00720-09 · Cited by 85
Inhibition of the type I restriction-modification enzymes EcoB and EcoK by the gene 0.3 protein of bacteriophage T7
Bandyopadhyay, P. K., Studier, F. W., Hamilton, D. L., & Yuan, R. T. (1985) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(85)90242-6 · Cited by 84
Hypervariation and phase variation in the bacteriophage ‘resistome’
Hoskisson, P. A., & Smith, M. C. M. (2007) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2007.04.003 · Cited by 82
PHAGE-MEDIATED SELECTION AND THE EVOLUTION AND MAINTENANCE OF RESTRICTION-MODIFICATION
Korona, R., & Levin, B. R. (1993) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb02113.x · Cited by 81
Restriction Endonuclease Inhibitor IPI* of Bacteriophage T4: A Novel Structure for a Dedicated Target
Rifat, D., Wright, N. T., Varney, K. M., Weber, D. J., & Black, L. W. (2007) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.064 · Cited by 78
War is peace — dispatches from the bacterial and phage killing fields
Comeau, A., & Krisch, H. M. (2005) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.004 · Cited by 74
Protein mimicry of DNA and pathway regulation
Putnam, C. D., & Tainer, J. A. (2005) · DNA repair · doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2005.08.007 · Cited by 72
Exclusion of Glucosyl-Hydroxymethylcytosine DNA Containing Bacteriophages Is Overcome by the Injected Protein Inhibitor IPI*
Bair, C. L., Rifat, D., & Black, L. W. (2006) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.11.049 · Cited by 68
Five‐stranded β‐sheet sandwiched with two α‐helices: A structural link between restriction endonucleases EcoRI and EcoRV
Venclovas, Č., Timinskas, A., & Šikšnys, V. (1994) · Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics · doi:10.1002/prot.340200308 · Cited by 66
Roles of selection and recombination in the evolution of type I restriction-modification systems in enterobacteria.
Sharp, P. M., Kelleher, J. E., Daniel, A. S., Cowan, G. M., & Murray, N. E. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.20.9836 · Cited by 65
Phase variable restriction–modification systems in Moraxella catarrhalis
Seib, K. L., Peak, I. R. A., & Jennings, M. P. (2002) · FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0928-8244(01)00294-2 · Cited by 59
Specific peptide-activated proteolytic cleavage of Escherichia coli elongation factor Tu
Georgiou, T. K., Yu, Y. N., Ekunwe, S. I. N., Buttner, M. J., Zuurmond, A.-M., Kraal, B., Kleanthous, C., & Snyder, L. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.6.2891 · Cited by 50
Identification of genes with fast-evolving regions in microbial genomes
Zheng, Y., Roberts, R. J., & Kasif, S. (2004) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkh935 · Cited by 33
Activation and Transfer of the Chromosomal Phage Resistance Mechanism AbiV in Lactococcus lactis
Haaber, J., Moineau, S., & Hammer, K. (2009) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.02538-08 · Cited by 8

RNA-guided genetic silencing systems in bacteria and archaea
Wiedenheft, B., Sternberg, S. H., & Doudna, J. A. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10886 · Cited by 1,851
Revenge of the phages: defeating bacterial defences
Samson, J. E., Magadán, A. H., Sabri, M., & Moineau, S. (2013) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro3096 · Cited by 698
CRISPR-mediated adaptive immune systems in bacteria and archaea
Sorek, R., Lawrence, C. M., & Wiedenheft, B. (2013) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-072911-172315 · Cited by 668
Comparative genomics of defense systems in archaea and bacteria
Makarova, K. S., Wolf, Y. I., & Koonin, E. V. (2013) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkt157 · Cited by 435
A bacteriophage encodes its own CRISPR/Cas adaptive response to evade host innate immunity
Seed, K. D., Lazinski, D. W., Calderwood, S. B., & Camilli, A. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11927 · Cited by 386

See all 527

Authors: Stern, A., & Sorek, R.
Venue: BioEssays
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2010-10-26
Volume: 33
Issue: 1
Pages: 43-51
ISSN: 0265-9247 (ISSN-L)
1521-1878
DOI: 10.1002/bies.201000071
OpenAlex: W1972708645
Cited by: 527
References: 106
FWCI: 2.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.

The phage‐host arms race: Shaping the evolution of microbes

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Metadata

Record

About these checks

Data sources