Cited by 130Diabetes Management and EducationAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Treatment and Access

Treatment for comorbid depressive disorder or subthreshold depression in diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta‐analysis

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van der Feltz‐Cornelis, Christina, Allen, Sarah F., Holt, Richard I. G., Roberts, Richard, Nouwen, Arie, Sartorius, Norman·2021·Brain and Behavior

Abstract

Abstract Objective To provide an estimate of the effect of interventions on comorbid depressive disorder (MDD) or subthreshold depression in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Methods Systematic review and meta‐analysis. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials evaluating the outcome of depression treatments in diabetes and comorbid MDD or subthreshold symptoms published before August 2019 compared to care as usual (CAU), placebo, waiting list (WL), or active comparator treatment as in a comparative effectiveness trial (CET). Primary outcomes were depressive symptom severity and glycemic control. Cohen's d is reported. Results Forty‐three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected, and 32 RCTs comprising 3,543 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. Our meta‐analysis showed that, compared to CAU, placebo or WL, all interventions showed a significant effect on combined outcome 0,485 (95% CI 0.360; 0.609). All interventions showed a significant effect on depression. Pharmacological treatment, group therapy, psychotherapy, and collaborative care had a significant effect on glycemic control. High baseline depression score was associated with a greater reduction in HbA 1 c and depressive outcome. High baseline HbA 1 c was associated with a greater reduction in HbA 1 c. Conclusion All treatments are effective for comorbid depression in type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Over the last decade, new interventions with large effect sizes have been introduced, such as group‐based therapy, online treatment, and exercise. Although all interventions were effective for depression, not all treatments were effective for glycemic control. Effective interventions in comorbid depressive disorder may not be as effective in comorbid subthreshold depression. Baseline depression and HbA 1 c scores modify the treatment effect. Based on the findings, we provide guidance for treatment depending on patient profile and desired outcome, and discuss possible avenues for further research.

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Authors
van der Feltz‐Cornelis, C., Allen, S. F., Holt, R. I. G., Roberts, R., Nouwen, A., & Sartorius, N.
Affiliations
  • Department of Health Sciences Hull York Medical School University of York York UK
  • University of York (GB)
  • University of Southampton (GB)
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
  • Middlesex University London (GB)
  • Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes Geneva Switzerland
Venue
Brain and Behavior
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2020-12-04
Volume
11
Issue
2
Pages
e01981-e01981
ISSN
  • 2157-9032 (ISSN-L)
  • 2162-3279
OpenAlex
W3104126735
Cited by
130
References
100
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1
FWCI
2.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Brain and Behavior (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Teesside University Research Portal (Teesside University) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • TeesRep (Teesside University) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Middlesex University Research Repository (Middlesex University Of London) (acceptedVersion)
  • White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
  • Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (acceptedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
depression, diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, comorbidities, subthreshold depression, depressive disorders, glycemic control, HbA1c, antidepressant treatment, psychotherapy, group therapy, collaborative care, physical activity, online therapy, baseline depression severity, baseline HbA1c
MeSH terms
Depression, Depressive Disorder, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Humans, Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy, Group, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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