Web-Based Depression Treatment for Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Patients

van Bastelaar, Kim M.P.; Pouwer, François; Cuijpers, Pim; Riper, Heleen; Snoek, Frank J.

doi:10.2337/dc10-1248

Cited by 209Digital Mental Health InterventionsDiabetes Management and EducationAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Web-Based Depression Treatment for Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Patients

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van Bastelaar, Kim M.P., Pouwer, François, Cuijpers, Pim, Riper, Heleen, Snoek, Frank J.·2011·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/dc10-1248PMC PMC3024341

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Comorbid depression is common in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, adversely affecting quality of life, diabetes outcomes, and mortality. Depression can be effectively treated with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). The Internet is a new and attractive method for delivering CBT intervention on a large scale at relatively low costs. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Web-based CBT for depression treatment in adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, with minimal guidance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Netherlands in 255 adult diabetic patients with elevated depressive symptoms. Primary outcomes were depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes were diabetes-specific emotional distress and glycemic control. Assessments were at baseline, after treatment, and at the 1-month follow-up. RESULTS: The Web-based CBT was effective in reducing depressive symptoms by intention-to-treat analyses (P = 0.04, d = 0.29; clinical improvement 41% vs. 24% P < 0.001) and by per-protocol analyses (P < 0.001, d = 0.70; clinical improvement, 56% vs. 24% P < 0.001). The intervention reduced diabetes-specific emotional distress (P = 0.03) but had no beneficial effect on glycemic control (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Web-based CBT depression treatment is effective in reducing depressive symptoms in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In addition, the intervention reduces diabetes-specific emotional distress in depressed patients.

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CBT-based online support for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who have depression was effective in reducing diabetes-related emotional stress.
“The intervention was effective in reducing depressive symptoms and diabetes-related emotional stress. However, no effect on metabolic control was observed.13”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for adult type 1 diabetes management: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [13]
CBT-based online support for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who have depression was effective in reducing depressive symptoms.
“The intervention was effective in reducing depressive symptoms and diabetes-related emotional stress. However, no effect on metabolic control was observed.13”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for adult type 1 diabetes management: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [13]
CBT-based online support for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who have depression had no effect on metabolic control.
“The intervention was effective in reducing depressive symptoms and diabetes-related emotional stress. However, no effect on metabolic control was observed.13”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for adult type 1 diabetes management: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [13]

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A randomized, controlled trial
P, K. M., Bastelaar, V., Pouwer, F., & Snoek, F. J. (2013)
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Web-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Depression in People With Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Authors: van Bastelaar, K. M. P., Pouwer, F., Cuijpers, P., Riper, H., & Snoek, F. J.
Affiliations: Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Medical Psychology & Neuropsychology, Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases (CoRPS), Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
Trimbos Institute (NL)
ORCID: Cuijpers, Pim
Riper, Heleen
Snoek, Frank J.
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2011-01-20
Volume: 34
Issue: 2
Pages: 320-325
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/dc10-1248
PMC: PMC3024341
OpenAlex: W2152049259
Cited by: 209
References: 26
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 24.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ (vor, 3877 d)
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Research portal (Tilburg University) (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
Multilingual Matters (Channel View Publications) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: depression, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, online intervention, depressive symptoms, glycemic control, diabetes comorbidity
MeSH terms: Adult, Affective Symptoms, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychotherapy, Comorbidity, Treatment Outcome, Telemedicine, Internet

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