Perspectives on consumer decision making: an integrated approach
Abstract
In the consumer behaviour literature several perspectives on consumer decision making have been considered, including the 'value perspective', the 'information processing perspective', the 'emotional perspective' and 'cue utilisation theory'. In this paper, a framework which integrates several perspectives on consumer decision making and hypothesises possible links between several basic constructs is developed. The framework is tested by the use of two experimental designs. The results of this study support the complexity of consumer decision making with the following findings. First, consumers do not use their cognitive and affective skills independently, rather they affect each other. Secondly, the cognitive, evaluative constructs of quality and attitude had significant direct effects on buying intention in both experiments, whereas the affective construct of emotion had no significant effects on buying intention in both experiments. Thirdly, in both experiments price affected perceived quality, which in turn affected attitude, which in turn affected buying intention. At the same time, price had no direct effect on buying intention. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Cognitive and affective skills affect each other and consumers do not use them independently.
“Cognitive and affective skills affect each other and consumers do not use them independently (Hansen, 2005).”
From Individual level culture influence on online consumer iTrust aspects towards purchase intention across cultures: A S-O-R model (2015) · cites this paper as Hansen, 2005
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BackgroundSohaib, O., & Kang, K. (2015) · International Journal of Electronic Business · doi:10.1504/ijeb.2015.069104 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“Cognitive and affective skills affect each other and consumers do not use them independently (Hansen, 2005).”
Nilssen, R., Bick, G., & Abratt, R. (2018) · Journal of Brand Management · doi:10.1057/s41262-018-0113-5 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Customer experience in social commerce: A systematic literature review and research agenda
Dhaigude, S. A., & Mohan, B. C. (2023) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.12954 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Role of satisfaction in an integrative model of brand loyalty
Ha, H., Janda, S., & Park, S.-K. (2009) · International Marketing Review · doi:10.1108/02651330910950420 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Determinants of Digital Payment Adoption Among Generation Z: An Empirical Study
Al-Qudah, A. A., Al‐Okaily, M., Shiyyab, F. S., Taha, A. A. D., Almajali, D., Masa’deh, R. M. T., & Warrad, L. H. (2024) · Journal of risk and financial management · doi:10.3390/jrfm17110521 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“By offering competitive prices, making value the selling point, and minimizing perceived costs, companies can enhance customer satisfaction levels, improve adoption rates, and build enduring relationships with their clients (Hansen 2005).”
German Millennials’ Decision-Making Styles and Their Intention to Participate in Online Group Buying
Klein, A., & Sharma, V. M. (2018) · Journal of Internet Commerce · doi:10.1080/15332861.2018.1463804 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Other researchers (e.g., Hansen 2005; Chen and Wang 2016) use buying intentions in the context of consumer decision making as well.”
BackgroundExperiencing fashion: the interplay between consumer value and sustainability
Ritch, E. L. (2020) · Qualitative Market Research An International Journal · doi:10.1108/qmr-09-2019-0113 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Gupta, S., Bansal, R., Bankoti, N., Kar, S. K., Mishra, S. K., Kaur, P., & Harichandan, S. (2024) · Journal of Advanced Transportation · doi:10.1155/2024/5922430 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Perceived Mental Benefit in Electronic Commerce: Development and Validation
Hà, N. M., & Khoa, B. T. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11236587 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Hansen [26] defines emotions as a response to a stimulus, and in the online context, stimulation will be the e-commerce page elements that bring in customers’ contact and purchase.”
BackgroundInformation asymmetry and product valuation: an exploratory study
Afzal, W., Roland, D. R., & Al-Squri, M. N. (2008) · Journal of Information Science · doi:10.1177/0165551508097091 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Buyers use their cognitive sources to form beliefs about the product, which may increase or decrease the involvement of the buyer in relation to that particular product [31].”
BackgroundLoh, A. (2011) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Luzak, J. (2013) · Journal of Consumer Policy · doi:10.1007/s10603-013-9249-6 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Do natural pictures mean natural tastes? Assessing visual semantics experimentally
Smith, V., Barratt, D., & Sørensen, H. S. (2015) · Cognitive Semiotics · doi:10.1515/cogsem-2015-0001 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Purchase decision: does too much choice leave us unhappy?
Tang, Y.-C., Hsieh, Y.-C., & Chiu, H.-C. (2017) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/ejm-01-2015-0022 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Fernando, A. G., & Aw, E. C. (2023) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103335 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
An Integrated Approach to Consumer Decision Making for Budget City Breaks: the Role of Emotion
Ene, D., & Schofield, P. (2011) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.855 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
A First Approach on Modelling Staff Proactiveness in Retail Simulation Models
Siebers, P., & Aickelin, U. (2011) · Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation · doi:10.18564/jasss.1760 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“…service times is much shorter, the average purchase is much less expensive, the likelihood of customers seeking help is much lower, the likelihood of customers making a purchase after receiving is much higher, the conversion rate is higher, and the department tends to attract shopping enthusiasts”
The Routledge Handbook of Destination Marketing
Gowreesunkar, V. G., Séraphin, H., & Morrison, A. M. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315101163 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Consumer decision journey: Mapping with real-time longitudinal online and offline touchpoint data
Santos, S., & Gonçalves, H. M. (2022) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2022.10.001 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
An Empirical Study of the Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour in the Electric Appliances MarketPreprint
Furaiji, F., Łatuszyńska, M., & Wawrzyniak, A. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Hedegaard, L., & Kristensen, S. T. (2016) · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Role of affect and cognition in consumer brand relationship: exploring gender differences
Sahay, A., Sharma, N., & Mehta, K. (2012) · Journal of Indian Business Research · doi:10.1108/17554191211206799 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Hansen (2005) found that there exists a positive relationship between the purchase involvement and perceived quality with emotions.”
BackgroundYulianita, Y. (2018) · Jurnal Komunikasi Indonesia · doi:10.7454/jki.v7i2.9677 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Determinants of a lasting purchase: The case of the tattoo patron
Sierra, J. J., Jillapalli, R. K., & Badrinarayanan, V. A. (2013) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2013.01.014 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Value‐facilitating simplification in marketing: A systematic review and research agenda
Gruner, R. L., & Soutar, G. N. (2021) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/ijmr.12250 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Area Head- Sales, V. D., Devedi, P., Sujatha, R., et al. (2017) · Journal of Business & Retail Management Research · doi:10.24052/jbrmr/v11is04/asopoorcticcbbaap/pd/rs/rp · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Koller, M., & Walla, P. (2012) · WU Research · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Yu, A., Yu, S., & Liu, H. (2022) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102899 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Retail store influence on sustainable consumption behaviour
Lehner, M. (2015) · International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences · doi:10.1108/ijqss-05-2014-0031 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Kowatsch, T., Maaß, W., & Fleisch, E. (2011) · International Journal of Internet Marketing and Advertising · doi:10.1504/ijima.2011.038237 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“, 2004; Mudambi and Schuff, 2010), their perceived luxuriousness, quality or price (Hansen, 2005).”
BackgroundFacing the Shelf: Four Consumer Decision-making Styles
Mittal, B. (2017) · Journal of International Consumer Marketing · doi:10.1080/08961530.2017.1318732 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“To arrive at this goal, the consumer must consider information about various attributes of each of the available alternatives, integrate that information, and then reject some alternatives and accept one of them (Hansen 2005).”
BackgroundVolume Home Building: The Provision of Sustainability Information for New Homebuyers
Warren‐Myers, G., & McRae, E. (2017) · Construction Economics and Building · doi:10.5130/ajceb.v17i2.5245 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“The complexity and variety of information available complicates consumer decision-making, requiring consumers to decipher the reliability of information and verify for themselves the choices they should make (Hansen, 2005).”
BackgroundThe effect of word-of-mouth on consumer emotions and choice: findings from a service industry
Martensen, A., & Grønholdt, L. (2016) · International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences · doi:10.1108/ijqss-04-2016-0037 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Previous research argues for a separation of emotions into a positive and a negative dimension (e.g., Babin, Lee, Kim and Griffin, 2005; Dubé-Rioux, 1990; Hansen, 2005; Kim and Griffin, 2005; Liljander and Strandvik, 1997; Phillips and Baumgartner, 2002).”
BackgroundNot Too Much and Not Too Little: Information Processing for a Good Purchase Decision
Vogrincic-Haselbacher, C., Krueger, J. I., Lurger, B., Dinslaken, I., Anslinger, J., Caks, F., Florack, A., Brohmer, H., & Athenstaedt, U. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.642641 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“By contrast, individuals with little involvement tend to use simpler information processing strategies and are more likely to rely on peripheral cues (Petty and Cacioppo, 1984; Hansen, 2005).”
BackgroundPassive Consumers vs. The New Online Disclosure Rules of the Consumer Rights DirectivePreprint
Luzak, J. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2553877 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Simulating Customer Experience and Word-Of-Mouth in Retail — A Case Study
Siebers, P., Aickelin, U., Celia, H., et al. (2009) · SIMULATION · doi:10.1177/0037549708101575 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Consumer decision making, and consequently changes in the behavior of customers over time, are driven by an integration of each consumer’s cognitive and affective skills [13].”
BackgroundSantos, S., & Gonçalves, H. M. (2020) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120379 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“The consumer behavior literature has often emphasized the link between search and the involvement construct as a major research domain (e.g., Hansen, 2005; He et al., 2019; Michaelidou and Dibb, 2006).”
InfluentialHow do customer anxiety levels impact relationship marketing in electronic commerce?
Khoa, B. T., & Huỳnh, T. T. (2022) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2022.2136928 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Hansen (2005) defined emotion as a response to stimuli; therefore, stimulation will come from the aspects that e-commerce sites bring when customers contact and buy online.”
BackgroundJacobs, N., & Swoboda, B. S. (2023) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2023.102172 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Smith, V., Clement, J., Møgelvang-Hansen, P., & Sørensen, H. S. (2017) · Fachsprache · doi:10.24989/fs.v33i1-2.1382 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Andersson, P., & Engelberg, E. (2006) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Conceptualising cues in social media
Teng, S., & Khong, K. W. (2015) · International Journal of Internet Marketing and Advertising · doi:10.1504/ijima.2015.071488 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Explaining NFL fans' purchase intentions for revered and reviled teams: A dual-process perspective
Sierra, J. J., Taute, H. A., & Heiser, R. S. (2012) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2012.03.007 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
SPEECH VERSUS ACTION IN ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE BEHAVIOR
Peixoto, A. F., & Pereira, R. D. C. D. F. (2013) · Revista de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade · doi:10.5585/geas.v2i2.48 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“…– GeAS O comportamento do consumidor é complexo, uma vez que valores pessoais, crenças, desejos, necessidades e tantos outros elementos fazem parte do processo de avaliação e, posteriormente, da escolha de suas ações (Freestone & McGoldrick, 2008; Hansen, 2005; Pinto, Nique, Añaña, & Herter, 2011).”
BackgroundSchramm‐Klein, H., Morschett, D., & Swoboda, B. S. (2008) · ACR North American Advances · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Chen, H. S., Phelan, K. V., & Chang, H. J. (2016) · Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism · doi:10.1080/1528008x.2015.1077186 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Research has shown that perceived benefits, costs and risks are major constructs in cognitive attitude formation (Forsythe, Liu, Shannon, & Gardner, 2006; Hansen, 2005; Javadi, Dolatabadi, Nourbakhsh, Poursaeedi, & Asadollahi, 2012; Jayawardhena, 2004; Kim, Qu, & Kim, 2009; Pires, Stanton, & Eckford, 2004).”
The Impact of Religiosity on Interpersonal Trust in B2C Context: a Cross-Culture Analysis.
Sohaib, O., & Kang, K. (2014) · UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
TÜKETİCİLERİN DOĞAL BAL ALGISI VE SATINALMA DAVRANIŞLARINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Bilici, F. (2024) · Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi · doi:10.31467/uluaricilik.1431615 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Gordon‐Wilson, S., & Godefroit‐Winkel, D. (2024) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.3895 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
O’Rourke, A.-M., Carrillat, F. A., & Wang, P. Z. (2022) · Journal of Marketing Management · doi:10.1080/0267257x.2021.1966076 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“…a lesser match between a consumer’s evaluation of the brand’s position and the purchase goal, the decision to purchase or not is more difficult for the consumer who will rely on a deeper processing of the cues available (i.e. system 2) to settle the complexity (Hansen, 2005; Olson & Jacoby, 1972).”
BackgroundUmar, R. M., Saleem, S., & Majoka, R. I. (2016) · Journal of Foodservice Business Research · doi:10.1080/15378020.2016.1195214 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The impact of country-of-origin cues on consumer investment behavior
Hauff, J. C., & Nilsson, J. (2017) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/ejm-01-2016-0033 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Packaging, business, and society
Gurtu, A., & Arendt, J. D. (2019) · International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing · doi:10.1002/nvsm.1670 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Analysis of Time Pressure and Value Perception: An Exploratory Study of Consumer Travel Fair
Lim, C. (2013) · Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing · doi:10.1080/10548408.2013.803399 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“The value dimension was represented by respondents’ perceptions that the travel fair offered good value for money, and their assessment of perceived risk when making judgment about the value of products (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, & Berry, 1985; Hansen, 2005; Gallarza & Saura, 2006).”
BackgroundIndividual Level Culture Effects on Multi-Perspective iTrust in B2C E-commercePreprint
Sohaib, O., & Kang, K. (2016) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1606.00881 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Kim, E.-Y. (2008) · Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles · doi:10.5850/jksct.2008.32.6.890 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“However, cognitive or search products emphasized more of a utilitarian focus on economic and informational gratification by planned buying behavior, which supports an informational processing perspective on consumer decision making( Hansen, 2005 ).”
BackgroundMultiple Linear Regression Algorithm-based Car Price Prediction
Swarnkar, R., Sawant, R., Harikrishnan, R., et al. (2023) · International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS) · doi:10.1109/icais56108.2023.10073882 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“To accomplish this, the client must assess all the characteristics of each option, compare, and process this data, and then select the best or most desired alternative that is offered [3].”
BackgroundMarketing Innovations for Sustainable Destinations
Fyall, A., Kozak, M., Andreu, L., et al. (2011) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.858 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Differences in e-commerce behavior between neighboring countries
Goethals, F., Carugati, A., & Leclercq‐Vandelannoitte, A. (2009) · ACM SIGMIS Database the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems · doi:10.1145/1644953.1644960 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Differences in e-Commerce Behavior between Neighboring Countries The Case of France and Belgium Frank G. Goethals IESEG School of Management Andrea Carugati IESEG School of Management & Århus School of Business Aurélie Leclercq IESEG School of Management Abstract It is often (implicitly) assumed that e-commerce be…”
BackgroundInfluentialCan information help bridge the attitude–behavior gap in sustainable clothing consumption?
Ries, T., & Rese, A. (2025) · Cleaner and Responsible Consumption · doi:10.1016/j.clrc.2025.100278 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Mufalali, S. M., Muduli, R., Mundia, M., et al. (2026) · African Journal of Commercial Studies · doi:10.59413/ajocs/v7.i3.58 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Hansen (2005) argues that price is one of the most important extrinsic cues consumers use when evaluating products and brands.”
The Potential of Albanian Tourism Sector
Burlea‐Schiopoiu, A., & Ozuni, F. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13073928 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Product placement in movies: perspectives from motion picture firms
Cha, J. (2016) · Journal of Media Business Studies · doi:10.1080/16522354.2016.1159802 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“From an informationprocessing perspective, cues are pieces of information about a product (Hansen, 2005).”
BackgroundJeckells, H. (2021) · Journal of Marketing for HIGHER EDUCATION · doi:10.1080/08841241.2020.1868038 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Review of academic discussion on CDM uncovers many theories and frameworks, which centre around the styles, stages and influential factors within CDM from varying international perspectives (Anić et al., 2016; Anić et al., 2016; Hansen, 2005; Marjanović & Križman Pavlović, 2018).”
BackgroundInfluentialKang, J.-H., Jin, B. E., & Gavin, M. (2010) · Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles · doi:10.5850/jksct.2010.34.12.1992 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The effect of product appearances on consumer emotions and behaviors: a perspective of involvement
Wu, T.-Y., Hsu, Y., & Lee, G. A. (2015) · Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering · doi:10.1080/21681015.2015.1077352 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Consumers have stronger emotional responses when they have higher degrees of involvement with a product [21,33].”
BackgroundRemarks on the quality of the construction of business concepts
Lindman, M. T. (2007) · European Business Review · doi:10.1108/09555340710746464 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“but they also want to explore, reward themselves or just find satisfaction by owning a product ( Hansen, 2005”
BackgroundGuo, Y.-Y., Chen, X., & Wang, C.-Y. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su151411361 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Bangladeshi Consumers’ Purchase Intention toward Global Brands over Local Brands
Ahmed, S. (2014) · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Apaydın, F. (2011) · Asian Social Science · doi:10.5539/ass.v7n10p267 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“In cases, Hansen (2005) suggests that “when people are highly involved in the decision making process, they are likely to engage in a more extensive internal and/or external information search to reduce the risk of making a choice with undesirable results”.”
BackgroundBansal, R., & Ansari, Y. (2025) · Resources Conservation & Recycling Advances · doi:10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200255 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A comprehensive model of information search and processing behaviour of mutual fund investors
Mishra, S. K., & Kumar, M. (2012) · Journal of Financial Services Marketing · doi:10.1057/fsm.2012.3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“They engage in extensive evaluation of attributes and products ( Hansen, 2005 ).”
BackgroundEffects of complete products on consumer judgments
Ozcan, T., & Sheinin, D. A. (2012) · Journal of Product & Brand Management · doi:10.1108/10610421211276240 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Cross - cultural food consumption behavior of consumers in Fiji
Devi, K. K., Singh, G., Naz, R., & Fam, K. (2015) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Maaß, W., & Kowatsch, T. (2008) · Alexandria (UniSG) (University of St.Gallen) · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hansen, T.
- Affiliations
- Copenhagen Business School (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Hansen, Torben
- ORCID
- Hansen, Torben
- Venue
- Journal of Consumer Behaviour
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 420-437
- ISSN
- 1472-0817 (ISSN-L)
- 1479-1838
- OpenAlex
- W2159192216
- Semantic Scholar
- fcb693755a96891969d4fda520d30698d3ebd84e
- Cited by
- 218
- References
- 95
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 20.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consumer Behaviour (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Behavior and Marketing Influence
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Retail Behavior Studies
- Keywords
- purchase decision, value perspective, information processing perspective, emotional perspective, perceived quality, consumer attitudes, purchase intention, price effects, emotions, cognitive-emotional interaction
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