A Review and Synthesis of Positive Emotion and Reward Disturbance in Bipolar Disorder

Gruber, June

doi:10.1002/cpp.776

Cited by 106Bipolar Disorder and TreatmentMental Health Research TopicsPersonality Disorders and Psychopathology

A Review and Synthesis of Positive Emotion and Reward Disturbance in Bipolar Disorder

Gruber, June·2011·Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy

DOI 10.1002/cpp.776

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Abstract

Although positive emotion research has begun to flourish, the extremes and potential costs of positive emotion remain understudied. This is an ideal clinical model for studying the ways in which positive emotions are disrupted in bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme bouts of expansive and persistent positive feelings. This paper reviews recent experimental studies, selectively examining positive emotion, in individuals at risk for, and diagnosed with, bipolar disorder. As an extension of this body of work, I present an account of positive emotion disturbance in bipolar disorder, referred to as positive emotion persistence. Implications are discussed for the study of bipolar disorder and positive emotion that follow. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message: Understand mechanisms underlying bipolar disorder. Identification of positive emotion as an important target foci in bipolar disorder. Application of affective science methods and theory to conceptualize the etiology and maintenance of mood disorders.

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Mania has been conceptualized as a tendency to show heightened response to positive emotions and rewards, along with excessive goal pursuit and unrealistically high expectancy of success.
“Mania has been conceptualized as a tendency to show heightened response to positive emotions and rewards [265], along with excessive goal pursuit and unrealistically high expectancy of success.”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [265]

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Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology
Sheppes, G., Suri, G., & Gross, J. J. (2015) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112739 · Cited by 1,214 · see citing works
Updated thinking on positivity ratios.
Fredrickson, B. (2013) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0033584 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings
Dichter, G. S., Damiano, C. A., & Allen, J. A. (2012) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/1866-1955-4-19 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Explicating the role of emotion dysregulation in risky behaviors: a review and synthesis of the literature with directions for future research and clinical practice
Weiss, N. H., Sullivan, T. P., & Tull, M. T. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.01.013 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
The neglected role of positive emotion in adolescent psychopathology
Gilbert, K. (2012) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.05.005 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Emotional and Behavioral Symptoms in Neurodegenerative Disease: A Model for Studying the Neural Bases of Psychopathology
LEVENSON, R. W., Sturm, V. E., & Haase, C. M. (2014) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153653 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Positive affect and sleep: A systematic review
Ong, A. D., Kim, S. Y., Young, S., & Steptoe, A. (2016) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2016.07.006 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Hooked on a feeling: Rumination about positive and negative emotion in inter-episode bipolar disorder.
Gruber, J., Eidelman, P., Johnson, S. L., Smith, B., & Harvey, A. G. (2011) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023667 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citation
Toward an Understanding of Decision Making in Severe Mental Illness
Cáceda, R., Nemeroff, C. B., & Harvey, P. D. (2014) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.12110268 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Piece of cake. Cognitive reappraisal of food craving
Giuliani, N. R., Calcott, R. D., & Berkman, E. T. (2013) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2012.12.020 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
A test of the bidirectional association between sleep and mood in bipolar disorder and insomnia.
Talbot, L. S., Stone, S. I., Gruber, J., Hairston, I. S., Eidelman, P., & Harvey, A. G. (2011) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0024946 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citation
Real-world emotion? An experience-sampling approach to emotion experience and regulation in bipolar I disorder.
Gruber, J., Kogan, A., Mennin, D. S., & Murray, G. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034425 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citation
Difficulties regulating positive emotions and alcohol and drug misuse: A path analysis
Weiss, N. H., Forkus, S. R., Contractor, A. A., & Schick, M. R. (2018) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.027 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Emotion regulation strategies in bipolar disorder: A systematic and critical review
Dodd, A., Lockwood, E., Mansell, W., & Palmier-Claus, J. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.026 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The effectiveness of adjunct mindfulness-based intervention in treatment of bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Chu, C.-S., Stubbs, B., Chen, T.-Y., Tang, C.-H., Li, D.-J., Yang, W.-C., Wu, C.-K., Carvalho, A. F., Vieta, E., Miklowitz, D. J., et al. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.025 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“, 2015), which is one of the main core inter-episode symptoms in BD (Gruber, 2011).”
BackgroundInfluential
What goes up can come down? A preliminary investigation of emotion reactivity and emotion recovery in bipolar disorder
Gruber, J., Harvey, A. G., & Purcell, A. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.05.009 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citation
Volumetric, cortical thickness and white matter integrity alterations in bipolar disorder type I and II
Maller, J. J., Thaveenthiran, P., Thomson, R. H., McQueen, S., & Fitzgerald, P. B. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.08.016 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Positive and Negative Affective Dysfunction in Psychopathology
Stanton, K. J., & Watson, D. (2014) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12132 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Disturbed Anterior Prefrontal Control of the Mesolimbic Reward System and Increased Impulsivity in Bipolar Disorder
Trost, S., Diekhof, E. K., Zvonik, K., Lewandowski, M., Usher, J., Keil, M., Zilles‐Wegner, D., Falkai, P., Dechent, P., & Gruber, O. (2014) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2014.39 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Elevated striatal reactivity across monetary and social rewards in bipolar I disorder.
Dutra, S. J., Cunningham, W. A., Hedy Kober, A., & Gruber, J. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000092 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mental imagery in bipolar affective disorder versus unipolar depression: Investigating cognitions at times of ‘positive’ mood
Ivins, A., Simplicio, M. C. D., Close, H. J., Goodwin, G. M., & Holmes, E. A. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.05.007 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Disrupted cortico‐limbic connectivity during reward processing in remitted bipolar I disorder
Dutra, S. J., Man, V. Y., Hedy Kober, A., Cunningham, W. A., & Gruber, J. (2017) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.12560 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citation
Emotion in bipolar I disorder: Implications for functional and symptom outcomes.
Johnson, S. L., Tharp, J. A., Peckham, A., & McMaster, K. J. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000116 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Machine learning approaches for prediction of bipolar disorder based on biological, clinical and neuropsychological markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Colombo, F., Calesella, F., Mazza, M. G., Melloni, E. M. T., Morelli, M. J., Scotti, G. M., Benedetti, F., Bollettini, I., & Vai, B. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104552 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Understanding the genetic and environmental specificity and overlap between well‐being and internalizing symptoms in adolescence
Haworth, C. M. A., Carter, K., Eley, T. C., & Plomin, R. J. (2015) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12376 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Decision making in avoidance–reward conflict: a paradigm for non-human primates and humans
Sierra-Mercado, D., Deckersbach, T., Arulpragasam, A. R., Chou, T., Rodman, A. M., Duffy, A., McDonald, E. J., Eckhardt, C. A., Corse, A. K., Kaur, N., et al. (2015) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0796-7 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
An emotional-response model of bipolar disorders integrating recent findings on amygdala circuits
Bigot, M., Alonso, M., Houenou, J., Sarrazin, S., Dargél, A., Lledo, P., & Henry, C. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.037 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
The Development of Emotion Regulation: Implications for Child Adjustment
Calkins, S. D., & Perry, N. B. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119125556.devpsy306 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The contributions of affective traits and emotion regulation to internalizing disorders: Current state of the literature and measurement challenges.
Naragon-Gainey, K., McMahon, T. P., & Park, J. (2018) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000371 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Whereas positive affectivity is elevated among individuals with bipolar disorder (Gruber, 2011; Stanton & Watson, 2015; Watson et al., 2012), it is inversely associated with depression and social anxiety,”
Background
Mania Risk and Entrepreneurship: Overlapping Personality Traits
Johnson, S. L., Madole, J. W., & Freeman, M. A. (2018) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2016.0165 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
A Positive Affective Neuroendocrinology Approach to Reward and Behavioral Dysregulation
Welker, K. M., Gruber, J., & Mehta, P. H. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00093 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cortico-limbic connectivity as a possible biomarker for bipolar disorder: where are we now?
Vai, B., Bertocchi, C., & Benedetti, F. (2019) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2019.1562338 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
The Relation Between Empathy and Insight in Psychiatric Disorders: Phenomenological, Etiological, and Neuro-Functional Mechanisms
Thirioux, B., Harika‐Germaneau, G., Langbour, N., & Jaafari, N. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00966 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Emotion Regulation of Goals in Bipolar Disorder and Major Depression: A Comparison of Rumination and Mindfulness
Gilbert, K., & Gruber, J. (2014) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-014-9602-3 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citation
Enhanced Positive Emotional Reactivity Undermines Empathy in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia
Hua, A. Y., Sible, I. J., Perry, D. C., Rankin, K. P., Kramer, J. H., Miller, B. L., Rosen, H. J., & Sturm, V. E. (2018) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00402 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Psychiatric Neural Networks and Precision Therapeutics by Machine Learning
Komatsu, H., Watanabe, E., & Fukuchi, M. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9040403 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Emotion regulation in bipolar disorder type I: an fMRI study
Corbalán, F., Beaulieu, S., & Armony, J. L. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291715000434 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Affective dynamics in bipolar spectrum psychopathology: Modeling inertia, reactivity, variability, and instability in daily life
Sperry, S. H., & Kwapil, T. R. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.053 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Distraction and expressive suppression strategies in down-regulation of high- and low-intensity positive emotions
Li, P., Zhu, C., Leng, Y., & Luo, W. (2020) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.09.010 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
MINDFULNESS SEBAGAI STRATEGI REGULASI EMOSI
Yusainy, C., Nurwanti, R., Dharmawan, I. R. J., Andari, R., Mahmudah, M. U., Tiyas, R. R., Husnaini, B. H. M., & Anggono, C. O. (2019) · Jurnal Psikologi · doi:10.14710/jp.17.2.174-188 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Increased affective empathy in bipolar patients during a manic episode
Bodnar, A., & RYBAKOWSKI, J. K. (2017) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2016-2101 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Mania risk and creativity: A multi-method study of the role of motivation
Ruiter, M., & Johnson, S. L. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.08.049 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Positive and Negative Affective Forecasting in Remitted Individuals with Bipolar I Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder, and Healthy Controls
Thompson, R. J., Spectre, A., Insel, P. S., Mennin, D. S., Gotlib, I. H., & Gruber, J. (2017) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-017-9840-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citation
Annual Research Review: Puberty and the development of anhedonia – considering childhood adversity and inflammation
Gupta, T., Eckstrand, K., & Forbes, E. E. (2024) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13955 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Perceived emotional intelligence is impaired and associated with poor community functioning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Tabak, N. T., Green, M. F., Wynn, J. K., Proudfit, G. H., Altshuler, L. L., & Horan, W. P. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.12.005 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Hypomanic Experience in Young Adults Confers Vulnerability to Intrusive Imagery After Experimental Trauma: Relevance for Bipolar Disorder
Malik, A., Goodwin, G. M., Hoppitt, L., & Holmes, E. A. (2014) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614527433 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Exploring the links between the phenomenology of creativity and bipolar disorder
Taylor, K. A., Fletcher, I. J., & Lobban, F. A. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.040 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Contact high: Mania proneness and positive perception of emotional touches
Piff, P. K., Purcell, A., Gruber, J., Hertenstein, M. J., & Keltner, D. J. (2012) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2011.633987 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citation
Manic tendencies are not related to being an entrepreneur, intending to become an entrepreneur, or succeeding as an entrepreneur
Johnson, S. L., Freeman, M. A., & Staudenmaier, P. J. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.049 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Compassion Focused Group Therapy for People With a Diagnosis of Bipolar Affective Disorder: A Feasibility Study
Gilbert, P., Basran, J. K., Raven, J., Gilbert, H., Petrocchi, N., Cheli, S., Rayner, A., Hayes, A., Lucre, K., Minou, P., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.841932 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Altered dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation between bipolar type I and type II in the depressive state
Liu, W., Jiang, X., Deng, Z., Jia, L., Sun, Q., Kong, L., Wu, F., & Tang, Y. (2022) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103184 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Basic dimensions defining mania risk: A structural approach.
Stanton, K. J., Gruber, J., & Watson, D. (2016) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000337 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citation
Eye Tracking of Attention to Emotion in Bipolar I Disorder: Links to Emotion Regulation and Anxiety Comorbidity
Peckham, A., Johnson, S. L., & Tharp, J. A. (2016) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct_2016_09_12 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Letting go of the bad: Deficit in maintaining negative, but not positive, emotion in bipolar disorder.
Gruber, J., Purcell, A. L., Perna, M. J., & Mikels, J. A. (2012) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0029381 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citation
Role of autobiographical memory in the impact of MBCT on dysfunctional attitudes, depressive symptoms and anxiety in bipolar I patients
Docteur, A., Mirabel-Sarron, C., Lefèvre, H., Sala, L., Husky, M. M., Swendsen, J. D., & Gorwood, P. A. P. M. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.072 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The socialization of positive emotions: Implications for physical health and psychological adjustment
Doan, S. N., MacDonald, S., & Swaminathan, K. (2023) · Mental Health & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.mhp.2023.200272 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Beyond “Cold” Cognition: Exploring Cognitive Control of Emotion as a Risk Factor for Psychosis
Tully, L. M., & Niendam, T. A. (2014) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-014-0016-z · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Emotional Mental Imagery Abnormalities in Monozygotic Twins With, at High-Risk of, and Without Affective Disorders: Present in Affected Twins in Remission but Absent in High-Risk Twins
Simplicio, M. C. D., Lau‐Zhu, A., Meluken, I., Taylor, P., Kessing, L. V., Vinberg, M., Holmes, E. A., & Miskowiak, K. W. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00801 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Differential patterns of default mode network activity associated with negative and positive rumination in bipolar disorder
Ghaznavi, S., Chou, T., Dougherty, D. D., & Nierenberg, A. A. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.014 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The dual-system theory of bipolar spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis
Katz, B. A., Naftalovich, H., Matanky, K., & Yovel, I. (2020) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101945 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Increased sensitivity to positive social stimuli in monozygotic twins at risk of bipolar vs. unipolar disorder
Kærsgaard, S., Meluken, I., Kessing, L. V., Vinberg, M., & Miskowiak, K. W. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.055 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Los límites de las intervenciones positivas
Hervás, G., & de Madrid, U. C. (2017) · Papeles del Psicólogo - Psychologist Papers · doi:10.23923/pap.psicol2017.2820 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Associations of positive and negative emotions with ego-resiliency and quality of life in borderline personality disorder: A daily diary study.
Harpøth, T. S. D., Kongerslev, M., Trull, T. J., Hepp, J., BATEMAN, A. W., & Simonsen, E. H. (2019) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000350 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
LA PSICOLOGÍA POSITIVA Y SUS AMIGOS: EN EVIDENCIA
Álvarez, M. P. (2013) · Consultation of the Doctoral Thesis Database (TESEO) (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Distinct patterns of dysfunctional appetitive and aversive motivation in bipolar disorder versus schizophrenia: An event-related potential study.
Horan, W. P., Wynn, J. K., Hajcak, G., Altshuler, L. L., & Green, M. F. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000142 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
An Assessment of Emotional Reactivity to Frustration of Goal Pursuit in Euthymic Bipolar I Disorder
Edge, M. D., Lwi, S. J., & Johnson, S. L. (2014) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614555412 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Boiling at a different degree: An investigation of trait and state anger in remitted bipolar I disorder
Dutra, S. J., Reeves, E. J., Mauss, I. B., & Gruber, J. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.06.044 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus psychoeducational intervention in bipolar outpatients: Results from a randomized controlled trial
de Dios, C., Sanchidrián, D. C., Bayón, C., Vega, B. R., Bravo‐Ortiz, M. F., González-Pinto, A. M., & Lahera, G. (2021) · Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental · doi:10.1016/j.rpsm.2021.08.001 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Are Social Comparisons Detrimental for the Mood and Self-Esteem of Individuals with an Affective Disorder?
Fuhr, K., Hautzinger, M., & Meyer, T. D. (2014) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-014-9656-2 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Altered amygdala circuits underlying valence processing among manic and depressed phases in bipolar adults
Man, V. Y., Gruber, J., Glahn, D. C., & Cunningham, W. A. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.008 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
Beliefs about the automaticity of positive mood regulation: examination of the BAMR-Positive Emotion Downregulation Scale in relation to emotion regulation strategies and mood symptoms
Dodd, A., Gilbert, K., & Gruber, J. (2019) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2019.1626700 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation
Adaptive Hyperactivity and Biomarker Exploration: Insights from Elders in the Blue Zone of Sardinia
Scano, A., Orrù, G., Kalcev, G., Cossu, G., Tusconi, M., Spada, M., Atzori, M., Ferreli, C., Cabitza, F., Primavera, D., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13216451 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Parsing positivity in the bipolar spectrum: The effect of context on social decision-making
Campellone, T. R., Peckham, A., & Johnson, S. L. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.020 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Emotional reactivity and activity in the regulative theory of temperament and positive mood regulation in bipolar disorder – a pilot study
Hanć, M. (2019) · Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia · doi:10.5114/nan.2019.89787 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The effects of reward and frustration in patients with bipolar disorder: Evidence from a computerized task with non-contingent feedback
Gago, B., Perea, M., Livianos, L., Sierra, P., & García‐Blanco, A. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.067 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Emotion regulation in bipolar disorder type-I: multivariate analysis of fMRI data
Kondo, F., Whitehead, J. C., Corbalán, F., Beaulieu, S., & Armony, J. L. (2023) · International Journal of Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40345-023-00292-w · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Motivationally-relevant domains of positive affectivity are differentially related to social anxiety symptoms
Carlton, C. N., Dike, J. E., Brown, M. F. D., Stanton, K. J., & Richey, J. A. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02165-w · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Positive Human Health, Positive Mental Health, Resilience and Their Psychosomatic Underpinnings
Ruini, C. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52112-1_2 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Neurobiology of Positive Emotion Disruption in Neurodegenerative Disease
Sturm, V. E., & LEVENSON, R. W. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190653200.013.29 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Emotionsregulationstraining bei bipolaren Patienten – Erste Befunde einer Pilotstudie
Wolkenstein, L., Püschel, S., Schuster, A., & Hautzinger, M. (2014) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000205 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Reward Sensitivity and Affect After Success: Role of Positive Attribution Bias in Korean Individuals at Risk for Bipolar Disorder
Kim, B., Kwon, S., & Meyer, T. D. (2017) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2017.36.7.607 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Consequences of Thought Speed
Yang, K., & Pronin, E. (2017) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/bs.aesp.2017.10.003 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Heightened Affective Reactivity Is Associated With More-Severe Symptoms of Emotional Disorders
Fulton, A., Forbes, L., Sundram, S., & Bennett, D. (2026) · Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026251393622 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The forgotten affective route of social cognition in patients with bipolar disorders
Ríos, U., Marcelo Arancibia, M., Jiménez, J. P., & Bermpohl, F. (2022) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.1177/20438087221135422 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
BRIEF REPORT Contact high: Mania proneness and positive perception of emotional touches
Piff, P. K., Purcell, A., Gruber, J., Hertenstein, M. J., & Keltner, D. J. (2012) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
An exploration of partners' perspectives on adversity and challenge
Bradding, A. (2015) · City Research Online (City University London) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Wild spirits: Elevated hypomanic tendencies are associated with entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial successPreprint
Pushkarskaya, H., Pittenger, C., Kleine, M., Perlson, G., & Just, D. R. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.05.17.20104836 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Remembering that Neutral Feeling? Enhanced Memory for Neutral, but not Positive or Negative, Emotional Stimuli in Bipolar I Disorder
Cooper, G. (2015) · CU Scholar (University of Colorado Boulder)
Understanding the Links between Positive Wellbeing and Health
Brown, J. (2015) · UCL Discovery (University College London)
The Effect of Positive Psychology Interventions in Clinical Samples with Psychiatric Disorders on Well-Being and Psychiatric Symptoms: A Systematic Literature Review
Terhart, T. (2018)
Genetics of emotion regulation:
Miu, A. C., & Bîlc, M. I. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198793014.003.0011
Distinguishing Between Enduring and Fragile Positive Affect: Implications for Health and Well-Being in Midlife
Ong, A. D., Sin, N. L., & Ram, N. (2018) · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676384.013.35
An Experience-Sampling Approach to Examining Cortisol and Testosterone Profiles in Bipolar and Depressive Mood Disorders
Gruber, J., Welker, K. M., Purcell, J. R., Lassetter, B., Prasad, S., Brandes, C. M., & Mehta, P. H. (2026) · Journal of Emotion and Psychopathology · doi:10.55913/ebzxdj23
Self-citation
Rumination as a Transdiagnostic Risk Factor to Psychopathology
Kovács, L. N. (2023) · Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem · doi:10.15476/elte.2022.072
Emotion Regulation in Bipolar Disorder: A Meta-Analytic Review
Potts, A. (2022) · doi:10.12794/metadc2048646
Facets of Positive Affect and Emotion Regulation in Daily Life
Dornbach‐Bender, A. (2021) · doi:10.12794/metadc1833424
The effect of focused reappraisal strategies on emotional intensity
Wild, K. J., Costea, A. R., Pintea, S., Macavei, B., Fodor, O. C., & Opre, A. N. (2024) · Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Psychologia-Paedagogia · doi:10.24193/subbpsyped.2024.2.04
Development and validation of a short version of the Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictive Inventory (HAPPI): Measuring extreme appraisals of internal states and bipolar risk
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Can Feeling Too Good Be Bad?
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Self-citation
Positive Emotion Disturbance in Bipolar Disorder across the Life span
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Positive emotion disturbance and persistence in bipolar disorder
Gruber, J. (2011) · F1000Research · doi:10.7490/f1000research.1549.1
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Letting go of the bad: Deficit in maintaining negative, but not positive, emotion in bipolar disorder.
Gruber, J., Purcell, A. L., Perna, M. J., & Mikels, J. A. (2012) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0029381 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citation
Do positive emotions predict symptomatic change in bipolar disorder?
Gruber, J., Culver, J. L., Johnson, S. L., Nam, J. Y., Keller, K. L., & Ketter, T. A. (2009) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2009.00679.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Gruber, J.
Affiliations: Yale University (US)
Corresponding author: Gruber, June
ORCID: Gruber, June
Venue: Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2011-09
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Pages: 356-365
ISSN: 1063-3995 (ISSN-L)
1099-0879
DOI: 10.1002/cpp.776
OpenAlex: W2134881953
Cited by: 105
References: 100
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 1.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 24 d)
Locations: Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Keywords: bipolar disorder, positive emotions, reward processing, mood disorders, affective science, bipolar disorder risk
MeSH terms: Arousal, Bipolar Disorder, Dangerous Behavior, Emotions, Happiness, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Reward, Social Behavior

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A Review and Synthesis of Positive Emotion and Reward Disturbance in Bipolar Disorder

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