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Cited by 162Advancements in Battery MaterialsAdvanced Battery Technologies ResearchAdvanced Battery Materials and Technologies

Solid–Electrolyte Interphase During Battery Cycling: Theory of Growth Regimes

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von Kolzenberg, Lars, Latz, Arnulf, Horstmann, Birger·2020·ChemSusChem
DOI 10.1002/cssc.202000867PMC PMC7496968
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Abstract

Abstract The capacity fade of modern lithium ion batteries is mainly caused by the formation and growth of the solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI). Numerous continuum models support its understanding and mitigation by studying SEI growth during battery storage. However, only a few electrochemical models discuss SEI growth during battery operation. In this article, a continuum model is developed that consistently captures the influence of open‐circuit potential, current direction, current magnitude, and cycle number on the growth of the SEI. The model is based on the formation and diffusion of neutral lithium atoms, which carry electrons through the SEI. Recent short‐ and long‐term experiments provide validation for our model. SEI growth is limited by either reaction, diffusion, or migration. For the first time, the transition between these mechanisms is modelled. Thereby, an explanation is provided for the fading of capacity with time t of the form tβ with the scaling coefficent β, 0≤β≤1. Based on the model, critical operation conditions accelerating SEI growth are identified.

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  • Traditional SOH estimation methods based on electrochemical/physical models face limitations in practical applications due to complexity of aging and individual variability.

    “These models can accurately simulate the internal behavior of batteries, but due to the complexity of battery aging processes and individual variability, they face many limitations in practical applications.24,25,26,27”

    From Battery state of health estimation under fast charging via deep transfer learning (2025) · cites this paper as [25]

    The Introduction says electrochemical models provide insight into processes within cells, and the Conclusions report very good agreement between this paper’s SEI model and experiments. The Results also acknowledge reaction kinetics that the model does not resolve. But the paper does not establish that traditional SOH estimation models face practical limitations because of individual variability. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
von Kolzenberg, L., Latz, A., & Horstmann, B.
Affiliations
  • Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace Center (DLR) Pfaffenwaldring 38–40 70569 Stuttgart Germany
  • Universität Ulm (DE)
Corresponding author
Horstmann, Birger
ORCID
Venue
ChemSusChem
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2020-06-29
Volume
13
Issue
15
Pages
3901-3910
ISSN
  • 1864-5631 (ISSN-L)
  • 1864-564X
DOI
10.1002/cssc.202000867
PMC
PMC7496968
OpenAlex
W3014869563
Cited by
162
References
70
Citations by year
2026: 28 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 4
FWCI
6.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • ChemSusChem (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • elib (German Aerospace Center) (acceptedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • OPen Access Repositorium der Universität Ulm (OPARU) (Ulm University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
  • Universität Ulm, Kommunikations- und Informationszentrum (kiz) (cc-by)
  • KITopen (cc-by)
Funders
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (281041241/GRK2218)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Advanced Battery Technologies Research
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
Keywords
solid electrolyte interphase, SEI growth, lithium-ion batteries, capacity fade, continuum model, open circuit potential, current direction, lithium ion migration, reaction-limited growth, diffusion-controlled growth, battery cycling

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