MEDIA EXPOSURE AND SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM REACTIVITY PREDICT PTSD SYMPTOMS AFTER THE BOSTON MARATHON BOMBINGS: Research Article: Vulnerability to PTSD Symptoms Following a Terrorist Attack
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BACKGROUND: Terrorist attacks have been shown to precipitate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology in children and adolescents, particularly among youths with high exposure to media coverage surrounding such events. Media exposure may be particularly likely to trigger PTSD symptoms in youths with high physiological reactivity to stress or with prior psychopathology or exposure to violence. We examined the interplay between media exposure, preattack psychopathology, autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity, and prior violence exposure in predicting PTSD symptom onset following the terrorist attack at the 2013 Boston Marathon. METHODS: A community sample of 78 adolescents (mean age = 16.7 years, 65% female) completed a survey about the bombings, including media exposure to the event and PTSD symptoms. All respondents participated in a study assessing psychopathology prior to the attack, and sympathetic and parasympathetic reactivity to a laboratory-based stressor was assessed in a subset (N = 44) of this sample. We examined the associations of media exposure, ANS reactivity, preattack psychopathology, and prior violence exposure with onset of PTSD symptoms related to the bombings. RESULTS: Media exposure, preattack psychopathology, and prior violence exposure were associated with PTSD symptoms. Moreover, media exposure interacted with sympathetic reactivity to predict PTSD symptom onset, such that adolescents with lower levels of sympathetic reactivity developed PTSD symptoms only following high exposure to media coverage of the attack. CONCLUSIONS: We provide novel evidence that physiological reactivity prior to exposure to an unpredictable traumatic stressor predicts PTSD symptom onset. These findings have implications for identifying youths most vulnerable to PTSD following wide-scale trauma.
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A large body of previous research has established an association between media exposure and symptoms of posttraumatic stress related to various life-threatening stressors.
“A large body of previous research has convincingly established the association between media exposure and symptoms of posttraumatic stress related to various life-threatening stressors, such as war conflicts [9,10], terrorism and other acts of mass violence [11-15], natural disasters [16,17], and recently also the COVID-19 pandemic”
From Impact of Media-Induced Uncertainty on Mental Health: Narrative-Based Perspective. (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Busso, D. S., McLaughlin, K. A., & Sheridan, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sheridan, Margaret A.
- Venue
- Depression and Anxiety
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-07
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 551-558
- ISSN
- 1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4219737
- OpenAlex
- W1492776231
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 8.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Mental Health (K01-MH092625, K01-MH092555)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, media exposure, sympathetic nervous system reactivity, autonomic reactivity, adolescents, 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, terrorist attacks, stress reactivity, trauma vulnerability
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Boston, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Media, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Sympathetic Nervous System, Violence, Terrorism, Young Adult
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