Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: results from the national survey of adolescents
Abstract
With a national household probability sample of 4,023 telephone-interviewed adolescents ages 12-17, this study provides prevalence, comorbidity, and risk-factor data for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive episode (MDE), and substance abuse/dependence (SA/D). Roughly 16% of boys and 19% of girls met criteria for at least 1 diagnosis. Six-month PTSD prevalence was 3.7% for boys and 6.3% for girls, 6-month MDE prevalence was 7.4% for boys and 13.9% for girls, and 12-month SA/D prevalence was 8.2% for boys and 6.2% for girls. PTSD was more likely to be comorbid than were MDE and SA/D. Results generally support the hypothesis that exposure to interpersonal violence (i.e., physical assault, sexual assault, or witnessed violence) increases the risk of these disorders and of diagnostic comorbidity.
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Meta-analytic findings indicate that antidepressant prophylaxis following acute stroke is likely to reduce the incidence of depression and improve motor and neurological function.
“Meta-analytic findings indicate that antidepressant prophylaxis following acute stroke is likely to reduce the incidence of depression and improve motor and neurological function. 463”
From Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission (2022) · cites this paper as [463]
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- Authors
- Kilpatrick, D. G., Ruggiero, K. J., Acierno, R., Saunders, B. E., Resnick, H. S., & Best, C. L.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2003
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 692-700
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W2147668737
- Cited by
- 1,590
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 104 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 84 · 2016: 92 · 2015: 117 · 2014: 98 · 2013: 110 · 2012: 86
- FWCI
- 37.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive episode, substance abuse, substance dependence, comorbidities, interpersonal violence, adolescent mental health, prevalence, risk factors, sexual assault, physical assault, witnessing violence, gender differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Child, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Violence, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Substance-Related Disorders
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