Storm‐driven particulate organic matter flux connects a tidal tributary floodplain wetland, mainstem river, and estuary
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The transport of terrestrial plant matter into coastal waters is important to regional and global biogeochemical cycles, and methods for assessing and predicting fluxes in such dynamic environments are needed. We investigated the hypothesis that upon reconnection of a floodplain wetland to its mainstem river, organic matter produced in the wetland would reach other parts of the ecosystem. If so, we can infer that the organic matter would ultimately become a source for the food web in the mainstem river and estuary. To accomplish this, we adapted numerical hydrodynamic and transport modeling methods to estimate the mass of particulate organic matter (POM) derived from the annually senescent aboveground parts of herbaceous marsh plants (H‐POM). The Finite‐Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM), parameterized with flow, tide, and aboveground biomass data, simulated H‐POM mobilization from fluid shear stress during tidal exchange, flooding, and variable river flow; entrainment into the water column; transport via channel and overland flow; and entrapment when wetted surfaces dry. We examined export from a recently reconnected, restoring tidal emergent marsh on the Grays River, a tributary to the Columbia River estuary. Modeling indicated that hydrologically reconnecting 65 ha at the site resulted in export of about 96 × 10 3 kg of H‐POM, primarily during pulsed storm flooding events in autumn and early winter. This exported mass amounted to about 19% of the summer peak aboveground biomass measured at the site. Of that 19%, about 48% (47 × 10 3 kg) was deposited downstream in the Grays River and floodplain wetlands, and the remaining 52% (50 × 10 3 kg) passed the confluence of the Grays River and the mainstem estuary located about 7 km from the study site. The colonization of the restoring study site largely by nonnative Phalaris arundinacea (reed canarygrass) may have resulted in 18–28% lower H‐POM mobilization than typical marsh plant communities on this floodplain, based on estimates from regional studies of marshes dominated by less recalcitrant species. We concluded that restored floodplain wetlands can contribute significant amounts of organic matter to the estuarine ecosystem and thereby contribute to the restoration of historical trophic structure.
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The direct effects of reconnection on hydrology and sedimentation in turn produce indirect effects on native plants and the aquatic food web.
“The direct effects of reconnection on hydrology and sedimentation in turn produce indirect effects on native plants and the aquatic food web (Thom et al. 2018).”
From Applying cumulative effects to strategically advance large‐scale ecosystem restoration (2021) · cites this paper as Thom et al. 2018
The Accepted Article passages (page unavailable) report that reconnection restored water-level variations, that sediment accretion helped restore marsh elevation and vegetation structure, and that vegetation changed after reconnection. They also describe exported organic matter as a potential contribution to the aquatic food web, but say further research is needed to establish how it is taken up. The paper does not establish the claimed effects on native plants or a demonstrated food-web response. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Thom, R. M., Breithaupt, S. A., Diefenderfer, H. L., Borde, A. B., Roegner, G. C., Johnson, G. E., & Woodruff, D. L.
- Affiliations
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- Diefenderfer, Heida L.
- Venue
- Ecological Applications
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-07-23
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1420-1434
- ISSN
- 1051-0761 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-5582
- OpenAlex
- W2884180961
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.osti.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Ecological Applications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- NOAA Institutional Repository (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Funders
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Keywords
- particulate organic matter flux, tidal marsh restoration, estuarine food webs, reed canary grass, Columbia River estuary, tidal exchange
- MeSH terms
- Northwestern United States, Particulate Matter, Wetlands, Estuaries
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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