Astrocytic VEGFA : An essential mediator in blood–brain‐barrier disruption in Parkinson's disease
Abstract
The integrity of blood–brain‐barrier (BBB) is essential for normal brain functions, synaptic remodeling, and angiogenesis. BBB disruption is a common pathology during Parkinson's disease (PD), and has been hypothesized to contribute to the progression of PD. However, the molecular mechanism of BBB disruption in PD needs further investigation. Here, A53T PD mouse and a 3‐cell type in vitro BBB model were used to study the roles of α‐synuclein (α‐syn) in BBB disruption with the key results confirmed in the brains of PD patients obtained at autopsy. The A53T PD mouse studies showed that the expression of tight junction‐related proteins decreased, along with increased vascular permeability and accumulation of oligomeric α‐syn in activated astrocytes in the brain. The in vitro BBB model studies demonstrated that treatment with oligomeric α‐syn, but not monomeric or fibrillar α‐syn, resulted in significant disruption of BBB integrity. This process involved the expression and release of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and nitric oxide (NO) from oligomeric α‐syn treated astrocytes. Increased levels of VEGFA and iNOS were also observed in the brain of PD patients. Blocking the VEGFA signaling pathway in the in vitro BBB model effectively protected the barrier against the harmful effects of oligomeric α‐syn. Finally, the protective effects on BBB integrity associated with inhibition of VEGFA signaling pathway was also confirmed in PD mice. Taken together, our study concluded that oligomeric α‐syn is critically involved in PD‐associated BBB disruption, in a process that is mediated by astrocyte‐derived VEGFA.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Dysfunction of the BBB may contribute to the onset and progression of PD.
“dysfunction of the BBB may contribute to the onset and progression of PD [29]”
From Healthy Human Fecal Microbiota Transplantation into Mice Attenuates MPTP-Induced Neurotoxicity <i>via</i> AMPK/SOD2 Pathway (2023) · cites this paper as [29]
Cites
Poewe, W., Seppi, K., Tanner, C. M., Halliday, G. M., Brundin, P., Volkmann, J., Schrag, A.-E., & Lang, A. E. (2017) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.13 · Cited by 5,415 · see citing works
Blood–brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders
Sweeney, M. D., Sagare, A. P., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2018) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.188 · Cited by 3,076 · see citing works
Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier
Armulik, A., Genové, G., Mäe, M., Nisancioglu, M. H., Wallgard, E., Niaudet, C., He, L., Norlin, J., Lindblom, P., Strittmatter, K., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09522 · Cited by 2,843 · see citing works
Development, maintenance and disruption of the blood-brain barrier
Obermeier, B., Daneman, R., & Ransohoff, R. M. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3407 · Cited by 2,452 · see citing works
TEER Measurement Techniques for In Vitro Barrier Model Systems
Srinivasan, B., Kolli, A. R., Esch, M. B., Abaci, H. E., Shuler, M. L., & Hickman, J. J. (2015) · SLAS TECHNOLOGY · doi:10.1177/2211068214561025 · Cited by 2,166 · see citing works
Neuronal α-Synucleinopathy with Severe Movement Disorder in Mice Expressing A53T Human α-Synuclein
Giasson, B. I., Duda, J. E., Quinn, S. M., Zhang, B., Trojanowski, J. Q., & Lee, V. M.-Y. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00682-7 · Cited by 1,266 · see citing works
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction-linked neurodegenerative disorders
Islam, M. T. (2016) · Neurological Research · doi:10.1080/01616412.2016.1251711 · Cited by 989 · see citing works
Lee, H.-J., Suk, J.-E., Patrick, C., Bae, E.-J., Cho, J.-H., Rho, S., Hwang, D., Masliah, E., & Lee, S.-J. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m109.081125 · Cited by 877 · see citing works
Composition of isolated synaptic boutons reveals the amounts of vesicle trafficking proteins
Wilhelm, B. G., Mandad, S., Truckenbrodt, S., Kröhnert, K., Schäfer, C., Rammner, B., Koo, S. J., Claßen, G. A., Krauss, M., Haucke, V., et al. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1252884 · Cited by 770 · see citing works
Astrocyte-derived VEGF-A drives blood-brain barrier disruption in CNS inflammatory disease
Argaw, A. T., Asp, L., Zhang, J., Navrazhina, K., Pham, T., Mariani, J. N., Mahase, S., Dutta, D. J., Seto, J., Kramer, E. G., et al. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci60842 · Cited by 733 · see citing works
Self-citationA new blood–brain barrier model using primary rat brain endothelial cells, pericytes and astrocytes
Nakagawa, S., Deli, M. A., Kawaguchi, H., Shimizudani, T., Shimono, T., Kittel, Á., Tanaka, K., & Niwa, M. (2009) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2008.12.002 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Plasma exosomal α-synuclein is likely CNS-derived and increased in Parkinson’s disease
Shi, M., Liu, C., Cook, T. J., Bullock, K. M., Zhao, Y., Ginghina, C., Li, Y., Aro, P., Dator, R., He, C., et al. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-014-1314-y · Cited by 676 · see citing works
Self-citationVEGF-mediated disruption of endothelial CLN-5 promotes blood-brain barrier breakdown
Argaw, A. T., Gurfein, B. T., Zhang, Y., Zameer, A., & John, G. R. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0808698106 · Cited by 666 · see citing works
Halliday, M. R., Rege, S. V., Ma, Q., Zhao, Z., Miller, C. A., Winkler, E. A., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2016) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2015.44 · Cited by 649 · see citing works
Permeability Studies on In Vitro Blood–Brain Barrier Models: Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacology
Deli, M. A., Ábrahám, C. S., Kataoka, Y., & Niwa, M. (2005) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-004-1377-8 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
Glial influence on the blood brain barrier
Alvarez, J. I., Katayama, T., & Prat, A. (2013) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22575 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Braak, H., Sastre, M., & Del Tredici, K. (2007) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-007-0244-3 · Cited by 462 · see citing works
Astrocytic modulation of blood brain barrier: perspectives on Parkinson’s disease
Cabezas, R., Ávila, M. F., González, J., El-Bachá, R. D. S., Báez-Jurado, E., García‐Segura, L. M., Jurado-Coronel, J. C., Capani, F., Cardona‐Gómez, G. P., & Barreto, G. E. (2014) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00211 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Wakabayashi, K., Hayashi, S., Yoshimoto, M., Kudo, H., & Takahashi, H. (2000) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/pl00007400 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Striatal Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability in Parkinson'S Disease
Gray, M. T., & Woulfe, J. M. (2015) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2015.32 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Multiple Tight Phospholipid-Binding Modes of α-Synuclein Revealed by Solution NMR Spectroscopy
Bodner, C. R., Dobson, C. M., & Bax, A. (2009) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2009.05.066 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Gu, X., Long, C.-X., Sun, L., Xie, C., Lin, X. Z., & Cai, H. (2010) · Molecular Brain · doi:10.1186/1756-6606-3-12 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Alpha-synuclein oligomers: a new hope
Bengoa‐Vergniory, N., Roberts, R. F., Wade‐Martins, R., & Alegre‐Abarrategui, J. (2017) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1755-1 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Gaillard, P. J., Voorwinden, L. H., Nielsen, J. L., Aa, I., Atsumi, R., Engman, H., Ringbom, C., de Boer, A. G., & Breimer, D. D. (2001) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0928-0987(00)00123-8 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
A natural product inhibits the initiation of α-synuclein aggregation and suppresses its toxicity
Perni, M., Galvagnion, C., Maltsev, A. S., Meisl, G., Müller, M. B. D., Challa, P. K., Kirkegaard, J. B., Flagmeier, P., Cohen, S. I. A., Cascella, R., et al. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1610586114 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Matsumoto, J., Stewart, T., Sheng, L., Li, N., Bullock, K. M., Song, N., Shi, M. Y., Banks, W. A., & Zhang, J. (2017) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-017-0470-4 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Self-citationBarrier function in the peripheral and central nervous system—a review
Reinhold, A., & Rittner, H. L. (2016) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00424-016-1920-8 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Michinaga, S., & Koyama, Y. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20030571 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Hydrocortisone Reinforces the Blood–Brain Barrier Properties in a Serum Free Cell Culture System
Hoheisel, D., Nitz, T., Franke, H., Wegener, J., Hakvoort, A., Tilling, T., & Galla, H. (1998) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.8051 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Bartels, A. L., Willemsen, A., Kortekaas, R., de Jong, B. M., de Vries, R., de Klerk, O., van Oostrom, J. C. H., Portman, A. T., & Leenders, K. L. (2008) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-008-0030-y · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Impaired blood–brain/spinal cord barrier in ALS patients
Garbuzova-Davis, S. N., Hernandez‐Ontiveros, D. G., Rodrigues, M. C. O., Haller, E. M., Frisina-Deyo, A. J., Mirtyl, S., Sallot, S. A., Saporta, S., Borlongan, C. V., & Sanberg, P. R. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.05.056 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Giles, F. J., Stopeck, A., Silverman, L. R., Lancet, J. E., Cooper, M. A., Hannah, A. L., Cherrington, J. M., O'Farrell, A. M., Yuen, H. A., Louie, S. G., et al. (2003) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2002-10-3023 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Caffeine protects against MPTP‐induced blood‐brain barrier dysfunction in mouse striatum
Chen, X., Lan, X., Roche, I., Liu, R., & Geiger, J. D. (2008) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05697.x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Chapouly, C., Argaw, A. T., Horng, S. H., Castro, K., Zhang, J., Asp, L., Loo, H., Laitman, B. M., Mariani, J. N., Farber, R. S., et al. (2015) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awv077 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Self-citationSorrentino, Z. A., Giasson, B. I., & Chakrabarty, P. (2019) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-019-01977-2 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Liu, B., & Neufeld, A. H. (2000) · Glia · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(200004)30:2 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Increased blood-cerebrospinal fluid transfer of albumin in advanced Parkinson’s disease
Pisani, V., Stefani, A., Pierantozzi, M., Natoli, S., Stanzione, P., Franciotta, D., & Pisani, A. (2012) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-9-188 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Electrical resistance of a capillary endothelium.
Crone, C. G., & Christensen, O. (1981) · The Journal of General Physiology · doi:10.1085/jgp.77.4.349 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
DECREASED mRNA EXPRESSION OF TIGHT JUNCTION PROTEINS IN LUMBAR SPINAL CORDS OF PATIENTS WITH ALS
Henkel, J. S., Beers, D. R., Wen, S., Bowser, R., & Appel, S. H. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181a41228 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Blood–brain barrier disruption induces <i>in vivo</i> degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons
Rite, I., Machado, A., Cano, J., & Venero, J. L. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04567.x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Hirano, S., Asanuma, K., Ma, Y., Tang, C., Feigin, A., DHAWAN, V. M., Carbon, M., & Eidelberg, D. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0582-08.2008 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Pienaar, I. S., Lee, C. H., Elson, J. L., McGuinness, L., Gentleman, S. M., Kalaria, R. N., & Dexter, D. T. (2015) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2014.12.006 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Signals for the induction of nitric oxide synthase in astrocytes
Saha, R. N., & Pahan, K. (2006) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2006.04.007 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Veszelka, S., Pásztói, M., Farkas, A. E., Krizbai, I. A., Dung, N. T. K., Niwa, M., Ábrahám, C. S., & Deli, M. A. (2006) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2006.08.006 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Spreading depolarizations trigger caveolin‐1–dependent endothelial transcytosis
Sadeghian, H., Lacoste, B., Qin, T., Toussay, X., Rosa, R. C. D. L., Oka, F., Chung, D. Y., Takizawa, T., Gu, C., & Ayata, C. (2018) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.25298 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Tsika, E., Moysidou, M., Guo, J., Cushman-Nick, M., Gannon, P. J., Sandaltzopoulos, R., Giasson, B. I., Krainc, D., Ischiropoulos, H., & Mazzulli, J. R. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4977-09.2010 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Adrenomedullin regulates blood–brain barrier functions in vitro
Kis, B., Deli, M. A., Kobayashi, H., Ábrahám, C. S., Yanagita, T., Kaiya, H., Isse, T., Nishi, R., Gotoh, S., Kangawa, K., et al. (2001) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200112210-00055 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Chavarría, C., Rodríguez-Bottero, S., Quijano, C., Cassina, P., & Souza, J. M. (2018) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bcj20180297 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Jangula, A., & Murphy, E. J. (2013) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2013.06.058 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Yang, S., Chen, Y., Deng, X., Jiang, W., Li, B., Fu, Z., Du, M.-X., & Ding, R. (2013) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-013-9990-y · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Murine in vitro model of the blood–brain barrier for evaluating drug transport
Shayan, G., Choi, Y. S., Shusta, E. V., Shuler, M. L., & Lee, K. H. (2010) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2010.11.005 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Sheng, L., Stewart, T., Yang, D., Thorland, E., Soltys, D., Aro, P., Khrisat, T., Xie, Z., Li, N., Liu, Z., et al. (2020) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-020-00983-w · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationMichinaga, S., Kimura, A., Hatanaka, S., Minami, S., Asano, A., Ikushima, Y., Matsui, S., Toriyama, Y., Fujii, M., & Kōyama, Y. (2018) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5421 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Kim, H., Shin, J., Lee, Y., Yun, S. P., Maeng, H., & Lee, Y. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21228538 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Mezrich, J. D., Nguyen, L. P., Kennedy, G., Nukaya, M., Fechner, J. H., Zhang, X., Xing, Y., & Bradfield, C. A. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044547 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Optimization of endothelial cell growth in a murine in vitro blood–brain barrier model
Wuest, D., & Lee, K. H. (2011) · Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1002/biot.201100189 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The blood-brain barrier in aging and neurodegeneration
Knox, E. G., Aburto, M. R., Clarke, G., Cryan, J. F., & O’Driscoll, C. M. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01511-z · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Aburto, M. R., & Cryan, J. F. (2024) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-023-00890-0 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Chen, T., Dai, Y., Hu, C., Lin, Z., Wang, S., Yang, J., Zeng, L., Li, S., & Li, W. (2024) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-024-00557-1 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Andjelkovic, A. V., Situ, M., Citalán‐Madrid, A. F., Stamatovic, S. M., Xiang, J., & Keep, R. F. (2023) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.122.040578 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Blood–brain barrier alterations and their impact on Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis and therapy
Lau, K., Kotzur, R., & Richter, F. (2024) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-024-00430-z · Cited by 165 · see citing works
The Emerging Role of Central and Peripheral Immune Systems in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Zang, X., Chen, S., Zhu, J., Ma, J., & Zhai, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.872134 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Blood-brain barrier disruption: a culprit of cognitive decline?
Che, J., Sun, Y., Deng, Y., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-024-00563-3 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationMicrovascular Changes in Parkinson’s Disease- Focus on the Neurovascular Unit
Paul, G., & Elabi, O. F. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.853372 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Blood–brain barrier endothelial cells in neurodegenerative diseases: Signals from the “barrier”
Yuan, Y., Sun, J., Dong, Q., & Cui, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1047778 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Xie, Z., Zhang, M., Luo, Y., Jin, D., Guo, X., Yang, W., Zheng, J., Zhang, H., Zhang, L., Deng, C., et al. (2023) · Aging and disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2023.0309 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Bogale, T. A., Koıstınaho, J., Pizzi, M., Rõlova, T., & Bellucci, A. (2024) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-024-02696-z · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Waste clearance shapes aging brain health
Jiang-Xie, L.-F., Drieu, A., & Kipnis, J. (2024) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.017 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
α-Synuclein-carrying astrocytic extracellular vesicles in Parkinson pathogenesis and diagnosis
Wang, P., Lan, G., Xu, B., Yu, Z., Tian, C., Lei, X., Meissner, W. G., Feng, T., Yang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2023) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-023-00372-y · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, Y., Du, W., Hu, X., Yu, X., Guo, C., Jin, X., & Wang, W. (2023) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.009 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
The blood-brain barrier, a key bridge to treat neurodegenerative diseases
Hang, Z., Zhou, L., Xing, C., Wen, Y., & Du, H. (2023) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2023.102070 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Molecular and Cellular Interactions in Pathogenesis of Sporadic Parkinson Disease
Долгачева, Л. П., Зинченко, В. П., & Goncharov, N. V. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232113043 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Glial cells: an important switch for the vascular function of the central nervous system
Gao, L., Pan, X., Zhang, J. H., & Xia, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2023.1166770 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationKhor, S. L. Q., Ng, K. Y., Koh, R. Y., & Chye, S. M. (2023) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527322666230330093829 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Ceci, C., Lacal, P. M., Barbaccia, M. L., Mercuri, N. B., Graziani, G., & Ledonne, A. (2024) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107101 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
McLoughlin, C. D., Nevins, S., Stein, J. B., Khakbiz, M., & Lee, K. (2024) · Small Science · doi:10.1002/smsc.202400232 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Iqbal, M. K., Khan, B., Hifsa, H., YuXuan, G., Mujahid, M., Kiyani, M. M., Khan, H. R., & Bashir, S. (2024) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.4c06546 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Nanotechnology to Overcome Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability and Damage in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Jiménez, A., Estudillo, E., Guzmán‐Ruiz, M. A., Herrera, N., Victoria-Acosta, G., Cortés-Malagón, E. M., & López-Ornelas, A. (2025) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics17030281 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
VEGF Paradoxically Reduces Cerebral Blood Flow in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice
Ali, M., & Bracko, O. (2022) · Neuroscience Insights · doi:10.1177/26331055221109254 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The role of VEGF in Cancer angiogenesis and tumorigenesis: Insights for anti-VEGF therapy
Shi, Z., Kuai, M., Li, B., Akowuah, C. F., Wang, Z., Pan, Y., Tang, M., Yang, X., & Lü, P. (2025) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2025.156908 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Peripheral proteinopathy in neurodegenerative diseases
Xu, B., Lei, X., Yang, Y., Yu, J., Chen, J., Xu, Z., Ye, K., & Zhang, J. (2025) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-024-00461-6 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationOverview of blood-brain barrier dysfunction in methamphetamine abuse
Pang, L., & Wang, Y. (2023) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114478 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Reactive astrocytes associated with prion disease impair the blood brain barrier
Kushwaha, R., Li, Y., Makarava, N., Pandit, N. P., Molesworth, K., Birukov, K. G., & Baskakov, I. V. (2023) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106264 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Hepp, D. H., van Wageningen, T. A., Kuiper, K. L., van Dijk, K. D., Oosterveld, L. P., Berendse, H. W., & van de Berg, W. D. J. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241914915 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
A Focus on Astrocyte Contribution to Parkinson’s Disease Etiology
Prunell, G., & Olivera‐Bravo, S. (2022) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom12121745 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ni, C., Wang, L., Bai, Y., Huang, F., Shi, H., Wu, H., Wu, X., & Huang, J. L. (2025) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.04.053 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Miller, M. R., Landis, H. E., Miller, R. E., & Tizabi, Y. (2024) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells13181554 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wu, Y., Yang, K., Yang, K., Yan, L., & Feng, L. (2023) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176141 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Tan, L. Y., Cunliffe, G., Hogan, M. P., Yeo, X. Y., Oh, C., Jin, B., Kang, J., Park, J., Kwon, M., Kim, M., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380063 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The role of macrophage plasticity in neurodegenerative diseases
Ma, H., Zhu, M., Chen, M., Li, X., & Feng, X. (2024) · Biomarker Research · doi:10.1186/s40364-024-00624-7 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
α-Synuclein pathology from the body to the brain: so many seeds so close to the central soil
Yang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2023) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.387967 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationBlood–Brain Barrier: Structure, Function, Diseases, and Drug Delivery Systems
He, Y., Qu, M., Yu, L., He, L., Lu, Y., Hong, J., Sun, M., Yang, H., Mi, W., Guo, H., et al. (2026) · MedComm · doi:10.1002/mco2.70712 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Hu, X., Wang, Y., Du, W., Liang, L., Wang, W., & Jin, X. (2022) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2022/7762078 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
RetractedSingle-cell RNA sequencing of CSF reveals neuroprotective RAC1+ NK cells in Parkinson’s disease
Guan, Q., Liu, W., Mu, K., Hu, Q., Xie, J., Cheng, L., & Wang, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.992505 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Cogill, S. A., Lee, J.-H., Jeon, M., Kim, D.-G., & Chang, Y. (2024) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells13100789 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Cooperation between neurovascular dysfunction and Aβ in Alzheimer’s disease
Wang, N., Yang, X., Zhao, Z., Liu, D., Wang, X., Tang, H., Zhong, C., Chen, X., Chen, W. K., & Meng, Q. (2023) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2023.1227493 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Chen, J., Shi, G., Yu, L., Shan, W., Sun, J., Guo, A., Wu, J., Tang, T., Zhang, X., & Wang, Q. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202412667 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Schumacher, S., Tahiri, H., Ezan, P., Rouach, N., Witschas, K., & Leybaert, L. (2023) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.24460 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Marques, D., Moura-Louro, D., Silva, I. P., Matos, S., dos Santos, C. N., & Figueira, I. (2024) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105836 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Lau, K., Porschen, L. T., Richter, F., & Gericke, B. (2023) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106298 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Zeng, Y.-L., Du, Y., Xu, X., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Liu, T., Luo, S., Xiang, X., Liu, W., Chen, Y.-C., et al. (2023) · Nano Today · doi:10.1016/j.nantod.2023.101947 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Albert, K., Kälvälä, S., Hakosalo, V., Syvänen, V., Krupa, P., Niskanen, J., Peltonen, S., Sonninen, T.-M., & Lehtonen, Š. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10102649 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
García, F., & Heiman, M. (2025) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-025-00799-z · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Parkinson's Disease: Current Status, Diagnosis, and Treatment Using Nanomedicines
Hasan, I., Roy, S., Guo, B., & Chang, C. (2023) · Advanced Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/adtp.202300058 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Contribution of Direct Cerebral Vascular Transport in Brain Substance Clearance
Wen, Q., Wang, H., Haacke, E. M., Jiang, Q., & Hu, J. (2023) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2023.0426 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Li, K., Wang, K., Xu, S., Xie, X., Tang, Y., Zhang, L., & Liu, Z. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.073 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationTNF-α-NF-κB activation through pathological α-Synuclein disrupts the BBB and exacerbates axonopathy
Jeon, M., Cogill, S. A., Kim, K., Kim, Y.-J., Kim, H., Lee, C.-Y., Kim, S., Son, S., Kim, J.-Y., Lee, J., et al. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116001 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Experimental Models to Study Immune Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease
Šaponjić, J., Mejı́as, R., Nikolovski, N., Dragić, M., Canak, A., Papoutsopoulou, S., Özdemir, Y., Fladmark, K. E., Ntavaroukas, P., Muluk, N. B., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25084330 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
VEGFA mediates blood–brain barrier disruption in Parkinson disease
Wood, H. B. (2021) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-021-00594-6 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Hyperglycemia-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction: Mechanisms and therapeutic interventions
Chen, C., Xu, X., Lu, J., Xiang, Y., Shi, L., & Liu, D. (2025) · Microvascular Research · doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104820 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Evolving insights into erythrocytes in synucleinopathies.
Yang, Y., Nie, X.-Q., Wang, Y.-J., Sun, J., Gao, X., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2024.06.005 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationKędzia, D., Galita, G., Majsterek, I., & Rozpędek‐Kamińska, W. (2026) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom16010156 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Bai, Y., Lu, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Huang, S., Tang, L., Liang, Y., Hu, Y., & Xu, C. (2023) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-023-03999-6 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mwikali, K., Mwangi, S., Pance, A., Ochola‐Oyier, L. I., Kariuki, S. M., Newton, C. R. J. C., Bejon, P., Rayner, J. C., & Abdi, A. I. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adl2256 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Machine learning approaches for neurological disease prediction: A systematic review
Fatima, A., & Masood, S. (2024) · Expert Systems · doi:10.1111/exsy.13569 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Liu, T., Ma, Z., Li, G., Ding, N., Wang, Z., Guan, Y., Zhang, Y., Liu, L., & Chen, X. (2025) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-025-06388-4 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Chauhan, A., & Jain, S. (2025) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/0113816128386983250410092649 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Repositioning of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Mansour, H. M., & El-Khatib, A. S. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18677-6.00010-5 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Bluhm, A., Schrempel, S., Schilling, S., von Hörsten, S., Schulze, A., Roßner, S., & Hartlage‐Rübsamen, M. (2022) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom12071006 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Liu, S., Feng, A., & Li, Z. (2025) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-025-05010-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zang, Z., Yang, F., Qu, L., Ge, M., Tong, L., Xue, L., Sun, X., & Hai, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1640389 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Stress-induced regional characteristics of the blood-brain barrier
Zhou, M.-Y., Xie, F., Zhao, Y. F., Wang, X., Sun, Z., & Qian, L. (2025) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111548 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Ding, X., Chen, Y., Zhang, X., Duan, Y., Yuan, G., & Liu, C. (2024) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2024.102457 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Neurovascular dysfunction in the development and progression of neuroinflammatory diseases
Gowdy, J., Ahn, J. J., Miller, R. H., & Islam, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2026.1741928 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Increased ocular plasma cells induce damaging α-synuclein+ microglia in autoimmune uveitis
Li, M., Feng, M., Liu, T., Duan, S., Man, X., Yuan, X., Wang, L., Sun, Y., Wei, X., Fu, Q., et al. (2025) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.007 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Gou, Y., Zhang, J., Liu, H., Zhu, C., Song, X., Geng, S., Peng, Q., Jin, S., Wang, X., Xiao, Y., et al. (2025) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.06.056 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, Y., Sun, X., Xi, Y., Luo, Z., Lai, H., Zhu, D., Zhang, Y., Xu, F., Li, J., Zhou, J., et al. (2025) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2025.10.016 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Tight Junction Regulation in Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Neurological Diseases
Nguyen, T. H., Pham, T. K. A., Tran, T. T. T., Trinh, K. N., Dhananjayan, S. S., Bui, A. T. T., Kim, N. D. T., Ho, H. H. N., Rai, A., Lee, C.-W., et al. (2026) · Journal of physiological investigation. · doi:10.4103/ejpi.ejpi-d-25-00078 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jeong, J.-Y., Lee, H. J., Kim, N., Li, Y., Rah, J., & Oh, W. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-49900-w · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Li, W., Yang, J.-H., Liu, L., Ding, S., Yu, B., Jiang, L., Yan, N., & Liu, H.-D. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1580029 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Association between red cell distribution width/serum albumin ratio and Parkinson’s disease
Li, M., Xu, Y. Y., Huang, Z. J., Ye, L., & Chen, C. (2025) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-025-02707-z · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Estrella, L. D., Sveeggen, T. M., de la Guardia, G., Cacho, J., Stauch, K. L., & Bagher, P. (2025) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-025-00540-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Intranasally administered muse cells attenuate neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease
Lu, Z., Ren, S., Wang, B., Shao, L., Zhang, Y., Wu, H., Mu, X., & Wang, Z. (2025) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-025-07401-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Insights into receptor tyrosine kinases signaling in neurodegenerative disorders
Randhawa, P. K., Jaggi, A. S., & Bali, A. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18677-6.00001-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Sharma, A., Feng, L., Muresanu, D. F., Tian, Z. R., Lafuente, J. V., Buzoianu, A. D., Nozari, A., Bryukhovetskiy, I., Manzhulo, I., Wiklund, L., et al. (2023) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2023.05.009 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Neurogliovascular alterations in brain pathologies across lifespan
Daigle, B., Bevilacqua, L. M., Noël, V. P., Lebel, M., Côté, D. C., Lévesque, L., & Ménard, C. (2024) · Glial health research. · doi:10.1016/j.ghres.2024.100004 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lu, Z., Yin, H., Xiang, P., Yi, X., Tian, X., & Gong, Q. (2025) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.70237 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Seasonal and comparative evidence of adaptive gene expression in mammalian brain size plasticityPreprint
Thomas, W. R., Richter, T. A., O’Neil, E. T., Baldoni, C., Corthals, A., von Elverfeldt, D., Nieland, J. D., Dechmann, D. K. N., Hunter, R. G., & Dávalos, L. M. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.100788 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Seasonal and comparative evidence of adaptive gene expression in mammalian brain size plasticityPreprint
Thomas, W. R., Richter, T. A., O’Neil, E. T., Baldoni, C., Corthals, A., von Elverfeldt, D., Nieland, J. D., Dechmann, D. K. N., Hunter, R. G., & Dávalos, L. M. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.100788.1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Seasonal and comparative evidence of adaptive gene expression in mammalian brain size plasticity
Thomas, W. R., Richter, T. A., O’Neil, E. T., Baldoni, C., Corthals, A., von Elverfeldt, D., Nieland, J. D., Dechmann, D. K. N., Hunter, R. G., & Dávalos, L. M. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.100788.3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Nazeer, A. A., & Ahn, S. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience · doi:10.1109/tnb.2025.3580172 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Material considerations for delivering therapeutics across the blood–brain barrier
Zoba, A. N., & Tringides, C. M. (2025) · APL Materials · doi:10.1063/5.0284305 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mauser, H. D., Keyzer, T. E., Surma, J. M., Alexander, N. G., Cutts, W. D., Hathcock, S. F., Lackey, K., Lam, D. W., Thornton, J. A., Vollmuth, N., et al. (2025) · Virulence · doi:10.1080/21505594.2025.2564281 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Alim, A., Baek, Y., Lee, M., & Paek, J. (2026) · Communications Engineering · doi:10.1038/s44172-025-00581-5 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Jiang, Z., Qin, Y., Luo, B., Bai, F., Liu, J., Ma, L., He, S., Chen, R., Wang, Y., Liu, S., et al. (2026) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202520239 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Castegna, A., Laera, L., Moda, P., Miglietta, S., D’Agostino, M., Ruggiero, M., Cianciulli, A., Filannino, F. M., Porro, C., Butterfield, D. A., et al. (2026) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-026-08102-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zhao, L., Chen, S., Jin, X., Zhuang, W., Liu, Q., Xiao, Y., & Xu, H. (2025) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110251 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Immunity in Parkinson's disease – The role of innate responses
Iyengar, A. S., Dunkley, P. R., & Dickson, P. W. (2025) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2025.578716 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Vastrad, B. M., Pattanashetti, S., & Vastrad, C. M. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.12.05.570305 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Tan, L.-J., Yu, Y., Fang, Z.-H., Zhang, J.-L., Huang, H., & Liu, H. (2022) · Natural Product Communications · doi:10.1177/1934578x221118486 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationTransgenic A53T Mice Have Astrocytic α‐Synuclein Aggregates in Dopamine and Striatal Regions
Peat, C., Prasad, A. A., Finkelstein, D. I., Sue, C. M., Johnston, J. A., Parish, C. L., Thompson, L. H., Kirik, D., & Halliday, G. M. (2026) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/nan.70097 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Parkinson's disease: A chronic systemic inflammatory disorder
Khan, H., & Benskey, M. J. (2025) · Handbook of behavioral neuroscience · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-21992-4.00006-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Boyd, R. J., Kho, A. R., McClymont, S. A., Loftus, S. K., Ko, H. S., & McCallion, A. S. (2026) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awag007 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Yuan, K., Zhao, Y., Zhang, H., Wang, K., Zhou, Y., Chen, Y., Chen, X., Zhao, Y., & Hao, Q. (2026) · Chinese Neurosurgical Journal · doi:10.1186/s41016-026-00427-9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Stoll, A. C., & Harms, A. S. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2026.1765195 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Yao, W., Liu, L., Wang, J., Chen, S., Zhang, C., Liao, R., Wang, Y., Ou, K., Jiang, L., Yu, Y., et al. (2026) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-026-01738-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lan, G., Wang, P., Chan, R. B., Liu, Z., Yu, Z., Liu, X., Yang, Y., & Zhang, J.
- Affiliations
- Peking University (CN)
- First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University (CN)
- Viva Biotech (China) (CN)
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Yang, Ying
- Zhang, Jing
- Venue
- Glia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-10-29
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 337-353
- ISSN
- 0894-1491 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-1136
- OpenAlex
- W3210054668
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 6.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Glia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M670063, 2020T130030)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1306500)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81571226, 81671187, 82001200, 82020108012)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, blood-brain barrier disruption, VEGF-A, astrocytes, alpha-synuclein oligomers, tight junction proteins, vascular permeability, nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Astrocytes, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Mice, alpha-Synuclein
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review